178 results match your criteria: "Basildon University Hospital[Affiliation]"

Pott's disease (PD), also known as spinal tuberculosis, accounts for an extremely low percentage of all tuberculosis (TB) cases and typically manifests secondary to an extra-spinal infection through the hematogenous spread. The thoracolumbar vertebrae are the most affected sites in PD, although other spinal regions can also be involved, albeit less frequently. Back pain is the predominant presenting symptom.

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Introduction: Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients may experience neuropathic pain (NP) due to radiotherapy (RT), which may become chronic. Pregabalin, an anticonvulsant, alters the transmission of painful stimuli at the synaptic level, modifying their perception. Pregabalin is used in NP treatment, but limited data exist on RT-treated HNC patients.

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Purpose: Correction of severe coronal plane deformities while performing a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is challenging. The use of functional alignment (FA) strategy along with image-based robotic technology during TKA makes it possible to restore a patient's constitutional alignment with minimal or no soft tissue release. The present study aims to report the functional outcomes of robotic-assisted TKA in Indian patients with severe varus deformity.

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Small cell lung cancer and neuroendocrine tumours.

Breathe (Sheff)

October 2024

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Trust, Cramlington, UK.

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It can broadly be divided into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and nonsmall cell lung cancer. There have been many advances over the recent years in both fields.

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Introduction: Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare autosomal dominant condition due to mutations in the transcription factor PHOX2B. It is characterized by alveolar hypoventilation with symptoms of autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (HH) due to glucose dysregulation caused by anomalous insulin secretion has been reported as a feature of CCHS.

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We conducted a comprehensive literature review to evaluate the efficacy of combining two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) and ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) in assessing the risk of progressive metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). This narrative review explores the applications of liver ultrasound in diagnosing metabolic liver diseases, focusing on recent advancements in diagnostic techniques for steatotic liver disease (SLD). Liver ultrasound can detect a spectrum of SLD manifestations, from metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MASLD) to fibrosis and cirrhosis.

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Evaluation of US Elastography in Thyroid Nodule Diagnosis: The ElaTION Randomized Control Trial.

Radiology

October 2024

From the Institute of Head and Neck Studies and Education (InHANSE), Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences (H.M., P.N., T.F.L.), Birmingham Clinical Trials Unit (R.W., A.P., J.T., J.D.), and Institute of Applied Health Research (K.B., A.P.), University of Birmingham, Robert Aitken Building, 2nd Floor, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT; Department of Imaging Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.S.S.); Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK (P.S.S.); Department of Imaging, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK (G.M.); Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leicester, Leicester, UK (P.D.F., K.M.); Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK (N.S.); Department of Radiology, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK (K.R.); Department of Radiology, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth UK (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK (R.V.); and Department of Radiology, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Basildon University Hospital, Basildon, UK (T.R.).

Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of ultrasound (US) elastography-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) versus conventional US-guided FNAC in diagnosing thyroid nodules, focusing on reducing nondiagnostic results.
  • - Conducted across 18 hospitals in England, the trial involved 982 participants who were randomized to either the elastography (493 patients) or conventional method (489 patients), finding no significant differences in the nondiagnostic rates or time to diagnosis between the two methods.
  • - The results showed similar rates of malignancy and benign findings in both groups, indicating that US elastography-guided FNAC may not provide additional benefits compared to standard US-guided FNAC for thyroid nodules. *
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Background: Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant disease with anticipation due to increased number of CTG repeats in the DMPK gene.

Methods: This retrospective, cohort study in Iceland assessed prevalence of DM1, molecular pathology, and patient ascertainment. Data was collected from all major hospitals in Iceland, Medical Director of Health, and independent clinics.

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Introduction: ElaTION is a large multi-centre pragmatic randomised controlled trial, performed in 18 secondary/tertiary hospitals across England, comparing elastography ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (EUS-FNAC) with ultrasound-guided FNAC (US-FNAC) alone in the diagnostic assessment of thyroid nodules. Secondary trial outcomes, reported here, assessed the accuracy of ultrasound-alone (US) compared with US-guided FNAC to inform and update current practice guidelines.

Methods: Adults with single or multiple thyroid nodules who had not undergone previous FNAC were eligible.

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What influences post-operative opioid requirements for tibial fractures?

Br J Pain

October 2024

Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Addenbrookes Major Trauma Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.

Article Synopsis
  • There isn't much guidance about how to prescribe opioids for people with broken bones, especially in surgery, so this study wants to help doctors understand what patients need after surgery for tibial (shin bone) fractures.
  • The researchers looked at 1,814 patients who had tibial fractures from 2015 to 2022 and measured how much opioids (pain medicine) they used and for how long after their surgeries.
  • They found that patients with certain types of fractures, like tibial plateau fractures, needed more pain medicine, and those with health issues like kidney disease and high blood pressure also required more opioids to manage their pain.
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Article Synopsis
  • Wyburn-Mason syndrome is a rare birth condition that causes arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) primarily in the retina and brain, with potential skin involvement, due to abnormal blood vessel development.
  • The diagnosis of this syndrome relies on imaging methods like optical coherence tomography (OCT) and cerebral angiography, with symptoms varying in severity across three classification groups.
  • Treatment is generally conservative unless there’s a high risk of AVM rupture, with options including surgical intervention and new therapies, highlighting the need for teamwork among specialists to improve patient care and outcomes.
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Objectives The objective of this study was to introduce a new system of handover in the gynaecology department and ensure its effectiveness with dynamic improvement measures. This was launched as a quality improvement project in a district general hospital in the United Kingdom. The primary aim was to start and consolidate a new system of a separate gynaecology handover in the presence of consultants, registrars (incoming and outgoing), senior house officers (incoming and outgoing) and gynaecology nurses.

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Introduction: Bowel cancer is a significant global health concern, ranking as the third most prevalent cancer worldwide. Laparoscopic resections have become a standard treatment modality for resectable colorectal cancer. This study aimed to compare the clinical and oncological outcomes of medial to lateral (ML) vs lateral to medial (LM) approaches in laparoscopic colorectal cancer resections.

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Conduction System Hamartoma: Autopsy Case Series.

Am J Forensic Med Pathol

September 2024

Basildon University Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Basildon, United Kingdom.

Conduction system hamartoma is a benign hamartomatous lesion arising from Purkinje and Purkinje-like cells of the heart. We aimed to investigate the cases that we detected during postmortem histopathological examination. The histopathology reports of the cases autopsied between 2012 and 2022 were reviewed retrospectively.

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Zibotentan in Microvascular Angina: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.

Circulation

November 2024

British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.M., N.S., P.W.M., P.W., C.B.).

Article Synopsis
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Importance: Supplementing potassium in an effort to maintain high-normal serum concentrations is a widespread strategy used to prevent atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery (AFACS), but is not evidence-based, carries risks, and is costly.

Objective: To determine whether a lower serum potassium concentration trigger for supplementation is noninferior to a high-normal trigger.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This open-label, noninferiority, randomized clinical trial was conducted at 23 cardiac surgical centers in the United Kingdom and Germany.

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This case article takes you on a journey starting with a paediatric patient presenting with sudden-onset lower limb paralysis and paraesthesia. Differential diagnoses, investigations and management are discussed as the case progresses, ultimately leading to the underlying cause.

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Background: While the use of immunotherapy has revolutionised the treatment of various cancers, it is often associated with a myriad of immune-related adverse effects.

Case Presentation: In this article, we report a rare case of durvalumab-induced triple-M syndrome in a 69-year-old woman with stage III lung adenocarcinoma. She was admitted with profound generalised muscle weakness, myalgia, and exertional breathlessness, about a week into her second cycle of durvalumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor.

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Although fat embolism in the pulmonary or systemic circulation is usually associated with long bone fractures, it can also occur less frequently during surgical operations, such as liposuction, fat grafting, and joint repair. This study aims to present cases of macro fat embolism resulting in sudden death during the perioperative period. Three cases with a history of sudden death during the perioperative period were included in this study.

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Is the NHS really cost-effective? A junior doctor's experience.

Postgrad Med J

June 2024

CT1 Anaesthetics - Anaesthetics Department, Basildon University Hospital, Nether Mayne, Basildon SS16 5NL, United Kingdom.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Cushing's syndrome results from too much cortisol in the body, with Cushing's disease being specifically linked to a pituitary tumor causing excess ACTH production, leading to common symptoms like weight gain and changes in body shape.
  • - A case involving a 48-year-old man with a history of hypertension revealed severe hypokalemia as the unusual initial symptom, accompanied by muscle weakness and swelling.
  • - Diagnostic tests indicated hypercortisolism, confirmed by elevated cortisol levels and a pituitary macroadenoma on an MRI, emphasizing the challenges in diagnosing Cushing's syndrome when it presents atypically.
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