[Emotional disorders after stroke].

Emotional disorders are common among patients after stroke. They include anger, fear, emotional expression control (uncontrollable crying, laughing), emotional indifference (apathy), disorders of emotion recognition and emotional empathy. They might develop independently or as a presentation of depression, anxiety, catastrophic reaction, posttraumatic stress disorder etc.

[The dynamic and structural indicators of population morbidity of diseases of skin and subcutaneous fat: the scientific review].

The diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue represent consist medical and social problem due to their high prevalence. In the case of chronic course, dermatosis result in long-term temporary incapacity for work, disability and deterioration of quality of life of patients. The purpose of the study was based on analysis of scientific publications to assess level, structure and dynamics of morbidity of population, territorial features of prevalence of diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue and risk factors for their occurrence.

Unraveling the Mechanism of Platelet Aggregation Suppression by Thioterpenoids: Molecular Docking and In Vivo Antiaggregant Activity.

Natural monoterpenes and their derivatives are widely considered the effective ingredients for the design and production of novel biologically active compounds. In this study, by using the molecular docking technique, we examined the effects of two series of "sulfide-sulfoxide-sulfone" thioterpenoids containing different (e.g.

CircRNAs in Alzheimer's disease: What are the prospects?

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) is a fascinating covalently closed circular non-coding RNA that is abundantly present in the transcriptome of eukaryotic cells. Its versatile nature allows it to participate in a multitude of pathological and physiological processes within the organism. One of its crucial functions is acting as a microRNA sponge, modulating protein transcription levels, and forming interactions with essential RNA-binding proteins.

Circular RNAs in intracranial aneurysms: Emerging roles in pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.

Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) present a substantial health threat, given the potential for catastrophic ruptures and subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH). Swift and effective measures for diagnosis and treatment are paramount to enhance patient outcomes and alleviate the associated healthcare burden. In this context, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as an intriguing area of investigation, offering promise as both diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for IAs.

[Consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for surgical service].

The COVID-19 pandemic has a serious impact on surgical service, emergency and especially elective surgical care. Many hospitals were re-designated as COVID hospitals due to resource constraints and large number of COVID-19 patients requiring hospitalization. This led to cancellation or postponement of scheduled surgeries.

Treatment of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma with Checkpoint Inhibitors in Clinical Practice in the Volga-Ural Region of the Eurasian Continent.

Introduction: Renal cancer ranks 10 in the mortality structure of the Russian Federation. The introduction of checkpoint inhibitors has changed the paradigm of treatment of patients with malignant neoplasms.

Method: Data from clinical trials have shown good progression-free median and median overall survival.

Circular RNA in cervical cancer: Fundamental mechanism and clinical potential.

CC (CC) remains a significant global health concern, imposing a substantial health burden on women worldwide due to its high incidence and mortality rates. To address this issue, there is a need for ongoing research to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms of CC and to discover novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Recent progress in non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has opened new avenues for investigation, and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as molecules with diverse roles in various cellular processes.

The Effect of Copper-Graphene Composite Architecture on Thermal Transport Efficiency.

This paper presents the results of molecular dynamic modeling, revealing that inserting confined graphene layers into copper crystal reduces the thermal conductivity of the whole composite, and the coefficient of thermal conductivity decreases upon an increase in the number of graphene layers. The injection of one, two, and three layers of 15 nm graphene leads to a change in the coefficient of thermal conductivity from 380 W/(m·K) down to 205.9, 179.

miRNA Expression Patterns in Early- and Late-Stage Prostate Cancer Patients: High-Throughput Analysis.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of cancer among men. To date, there have been no specific markers identified for the diagnosis and prognosis or response to treatment of this disease. Thus, there is an urgent need for promising markers, which may be fulfilled by small non-coding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs).

Peak Bone Mass Formation: Modern View of the Problem.

Peak bone mass is the amount of bone tissue that is formed when a stable skeletal state is achieved at a young age. To date, there are no established peak bone mass standards nor clear data on the age at which peak bone mass occurs. At the same time, the level of peak bone mass at a young age is an important predictor of the onset of primary osteoporosis.

Individual Variability of Broca's Area of the Brain in Women.

In this article, we studied individual features of the macroscopic structure of Broca's area of the brains in 9 women (18 hemispheres) aged from 20 to 30 years, without any mental or neurological disorders. By using MRI, the structures of the sulci and gyri of the pars triangularis and pars opercularis of Broca's area were studied: the anterior and ascending rami of the lateral sulcus, the radial, diagonal, precentral, inferior frontal, and lateral sulci. We also studied the relationship between the pars triangularis and pars opercularis as well as their relationships with neighboring cortical structures.

[The role of antidiabetic drugs in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: systematic review].

Recent studies show that Alzheimer's disease (AD) has many common links with conditions associated with insulin resistance, including neuroinflammation, impaired insulin signaling, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic syndrome. The authors conducted an electronic search for publications in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases using the keywords "amyloid beta", "Alzheimer type-3-diabetes", "intranasal insulin", "metformin", "type 2 diabetes mellitus", "incretins" and "PPARy agonists». A systematic literature search was conducted among studies published between 2005 and 2022.

The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Localization and Expression of p53 and Cell Death in the Nervous Tissue in Traumatic Brain Injury and Axotomy.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. It is characterized by various molecular-cellular events, with the main ones being apoptosis and damage to axons. To date, there are no clinically effective neuroprotective drugs.

MiRNAs and Their Role in Venous Thromboembolic Complications.

Venous thromboembolic complications (VTCs), which include deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), have remained a pressing problem in modern clinical medicine for a long time. Despite the already wide arsenal of modern methods for diagnosing and treating this disease, VTCs rank third in the structure of causes of death among all cardiovascular diseases, behind myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS). Numerous studies have confirmed the importance of understanding the molecular processes of VTCs for effective therapy and diagnosis.

Single nucleotide polymorphism rs527236194 of the cytochrome B gene (MT-CYB) is associated with alterations in sperm parameters.

Background: The mitochondrial genome is substantially susceptible to mutations and has high polymorphism due to structural features, location, and lack of recombinant variability, as its inheritance is strictly maternal. All of these events can be accompanied by the accumulation of mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms (mtSNPs) in the sperm. The aim of this research was to analyze the influence of mutations in the MT-CYB gene on sperm quality.

Anticancer and Antiphytopathogenic Activity of Fluorinated Isatins and Their Water-Soluble Hydrazone Derivatives.

A series of new fluorinated 1-benzylisatins was synthesized in high yields via a simple one-pot procedure in order to explore the possible effect of ortho-fluoro (), chloro (), or bis-fluoro () substitution on the biological activity of this pharmacophore. Furthermore, the new isatins could be converted into water-soluble isatin-3-hydrazones using their acid-catalyzed reaction with Girard's reagent P and its dimethyl analog. The cytotoxic action of these substances is associated with the induction of apoptosis caused by mitochondrial membrane dissipation and stimulated reactive oxygen species production in tumor cells.

Role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and sirtuin genes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease development.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial disease of the respiratory system which develops as a result of a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors closely related to lifestyle. We aimed to assess the combined effect of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway (PIK3R1, AKT1, MTOR, PTEN) and sirtuin (SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT6) genes to COPD risk. SNPs of SIRT1 (rs3758391, rs3818292), SIRT3 (rs3782116, rs536715), SIRT6 (rs107251), AKT1 (rs2494732), PIK3R1 (rs10515070, rs831125, rs3730089), MTOR (rs2295080, rs2536), PTEN (rs701848, rs2735343) genes were genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) among 1245 case and control samples.

Role of exosomal ncRNAs in traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex neurological disorder that often results in long-term disabilities, cognitive impairments, and emotional disturbances. Despite significant advancements in understanding the pathophysiology of TBI, effective treatments remain limited. In recent years, exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as potential players in TBI pathogenesis and as novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

Methods of miRNA delivery and possibilities of their application in neuro-oncology.

In the current phase of medical progress, practical neuro-oncology faces critical challenges. These include the quest for and development of innovative methodological approaches, as well as the enhancement of conventional therapies to boost their efficacy in treating brain tumors, especially the malignant varieties. Recent strides in molecular and cellular biology, molecular genetics, and immunology have charted the primary research pathways in the development of new anti-cancer medications, with a particular focus on microRNA (miRNA)-based therapy.

A roadmap for research in post-stroke fatigue: Consensus-based core recommendations from the third Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable.

Rationale: Fatigue affects almost half of all people living with stroke. Stroke survivors rank understanding fatigue and how to reduce it as one of the highest research priorities.

Methods: We convened an interdisciplinary, international group of clinical and pre-clinical researchers and lived experience experts.

[Gender morphology of Broca's motor speech area].

Objective: To study the general patterns and differences in the macroscopic structure of Broca's motor speech area in the left and right hemispheres of male and female brains.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted on MRI images of the brains of 9 men and 9 women (36 hemispheres in total). All the people were between the ages of 20 and 30, without any mental or neurological disorders.

[Assessment of the efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in Russian population].

Objective: To evaluate the severity and frequency of infusion reactions (IR) in patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) In Russian population receiving alemtuzumab therapy.

Material And Methods: In retrospective study, we analyzed data from 50 patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) from six Regional MS Centers in the Russian Federation who received two courses of alemtuzumab between 2018 and 2022.

Results: Among all IRs, the most frequently reported were hives-like rashes, which were registered in 27 people, mostly of mild severity (70.

Cell-Free miRNAs as Non-Invasive Biomarkers in Brain Tumors.

Diagnosing brain tumors, especially malignant variants, such as glioblastoma, medulloblastoma, or brain metastasis, presents a considerable obstacle, while current treatment methods often yield unsatisfactory results. The monitoring of individuals with brain neoplasms becomes burdensome due to the intricate tumor nature and associated risks of tissue biopsies, compounded by the restricted accuracy and sensitivity of presently available non-invasive diagnostic techniques. The uncertainties surrounding diagnosis and the tumor's reaction to treatment can lead to delays in critical determinations that profoundly influence the prognosis of the disease.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Derived from L. Leaf Extract: Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Properties.

In the last few decades, the search for metal nanoparticles as an alternative to cancer treatments and antibiotics has increased. In this article, the spectroscopic (ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), electron-dispersing X-ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)), microscopic (field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM)), structural (X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and zetasizer), and analytic (thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyzer (TGA-DTA)) characterization of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced from (PR) L. leaf extract are presented.