Evaluation of Polygenic Risk Score for Prediction of Childhood Onset and Severity of Asthma.

Asthma is a common complex disease with susceptibility defined through an interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Responsiveness to asthma treatment varies between individuals and is largely determined by genetic variability. The polygenic score (PGS) approach enables an individual risk of asthma and respective response to drug therapy.

Interaction between microRNA and KRAS in Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) characterized byits rapid progression and challenging prognosis, often featuring mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) gene, which is crucial for numerous cellular signaling mechanisms. Emerging research underscores a significant interaction between KRAS and microRNAs (miRNAs) in these cancers, with miRNAs playing key roles as both regulators and mediators within the KRAS signaling framework. The concept of oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is explored as a protective mechanism against tumor development, examining how K-RAS signaling is meticulously adjusted to bypass senescence, thereby enhancing cell growth and survival.

[Viral-epigenetic hypothesis of Parkinson's disease etiopathogenesis.].

Data accumulated in scientific literature indicate that Parkinson's disease develops after infections caused by SARS-CoV-2, West Nile, Coxsackie, St. Louis viruses, Japanese encephalitis B, hepatitis B and C, influenza A, HIV, herpes viruses, flaviviruses. Neuroinvasive West Nile viruses and HIV activate expression of alpha-synuclein.

The functions of immune system-derived miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the foremost cause of mortality worldwide, with recent advances in immunology underscoring the critical roles of immune cells in their onset and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), particularly those derived from the immune system, have emerged as vital regulators of cellular functions within the cardiovascular landscape. This review focuses on "immuno-miRs," a class of miRNAs that are highly expressed in immune cells, including T cells, B cells, NK cells, neutrophils, and monocytes/macrophages, and their significant role in controlling immune signaling pathways.

[Antifungal immunity in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps].

Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of antifungal immunity in patients with bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Material And Methods: The study included 74 patients with bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and a control group consisting of 30 almost healthy individuals. All patients underwent surgery and were divided into two groups: Group I - with liquid secretion (=39), Group II - with thick secretion in the paranasal sinuses (=35).

The frequent variant A57F in the gene in patients from Russia has Finno-Ugric Mari origin.

Introduction: GNE-myopathy is a distal myopathy with adult-onset and initial involvement of anterior leg compartment. A founder effect has been demonstrated for some patients from several large cohorts in different countries.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the allele frequency of the c.

Gut dysbiosis narrative in psoriasis: matched-pair approach identifies only subtle shifts correlated with elevated fecal calprotectin.

Unlabelled: Many studies have reported gut microbiome alterations in psoriasis patients, suggesting dysbiosis. While evidence for dysbiosis and its link to pathogenesis remains inconclusive, murine models of psoriasis suggest that gut microbiome alterations develop in response to psoriasis-like inflammation. Hence, the dominant narrative about gut microbiome alterations' impact on disease should be evaluated critically with more data and a well-powered approach.

Germline Variants in Proto-Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes in Women with Cervical Cancer.

Background/objectives: Cervical cancer (CC) remains a significant global health challenge, characterized by genetic heterogeneity and a complex molecular landscape, both of which contribute to its pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate germline variants in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in cervical cancer patients, with the objective of clarifying their potential role in disease development.

Methods: We utilized a custom next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel targeting 48 genes implicated in oncogenesis.

[Automated system for supporting medical decision-making in the treatment of patients with renal parenchyma neoplasms first experience of using the web-platform Sechenov.AI_nephro results of multicenter testing].

Aim: To evaluate the automated medical decision support system "Sechenov.AI_nephro" in the treatment of patients with renal parenchymal tumors.

Materials And Methods: The beta version of the web-platform "Sechenov.

[Epigenetic mechanisms of the interrelations of osteoarthritis with aging.].

A hypothesis is presented according to which the activation of retroelements during aging, causing immune reactions in the human body, is a trigger for the development of osteoarthritis. Predisposition factors for this are polymorphisms associated with osteoarthritis, located in intronic and intergenic regions where transposable elements are localized. In inflamed joints, changes in the expression of many genes are determined, which may be due to pathological activation of retroelements that influence epigenetic dysregulation of the genome.

Targeting of TAMs: can we be more clever than cancer cells?

АBSTRACT: With increasing incidence and geography, cancer is one of the leading causes of death, reduced quality of life and disability worldwide. Principal progress in the development of new anticancer therapies, in improving the efficiency of immunotherapeutic tools, and in the personification of conventional therapies needs to consider cancer-specific and patient-specific programming of innate immunity. Intratumoral TAMs and their precursors, resident macrophages and monocytes, are principal regulators of tumor progression and therapy resistance.

The Mechanism of Action of Exosomes Derived from Glioblastoma Cells.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and lethal brain tumor characterized by rapid growth, invasive behavior, and resistance to conventional therapies, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Despite these interventions, patient survival remains poor due to the tumor's ability to recur and adapt to treatments. The function of GBM-derived exosomes (GBM-exosomes) as essential mediators in tumor growth has drawn attention in recent years.

Biological Activity Evaluation of Phenolic Isatin-3-Hydrazones Containing a Quaternary Ammonium Center of Various Structures.

A series of new isatin-3-hydrazones bearing different ammonium fragments was synthesized by a simple and easy work-up reaction of Girard's reagents analogs with 1-(3,5-di--butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isatin. All derivatives have been shown to have antioxidant properties. In terms of bactericidal activity against gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant strains of , the best compounds are , , and , bearing octyl, acetal, and brucine ammonium centers, respectively.

Base-Catalyzed Reaction of Isatins and (3-Hydroxyprop-1-yn-1-yl)phosphonates as a Tool for the Synthesis of Spiro-1,3-dioxolane Oxindoles with Anticancer and Anti-Platelet Properties.

An approach to the synthesis of phosphoryl substituted spiro-1,3-dioxolane oxindoles was developed from the base-catalyzed reaction of various isatins with (3-hydroxyprop-1-yn-1-yl)phosphonates. It was found that various aryl-substituted and N-functionalized isatins with the formation of appropriate products with high yields and stereoselectivity when using -BuOLi are able to react. Cytotoxic activity evaluation suggests that the most significant results in relation to the HuTu 80 cell line were shown by N-benzylated spirodioxolanes.

GWAS and polygenic risk score of severe COVID-19 in Eastern Europe.

Background: COVID-19 disease has infected more than 772 million people, leading to 7 million deaths. Although the severe course of COVID-19 can be prevented using appropriate treatments, effective interventions require a thorough research of the genetic factors involved in its pathogenesis.

Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 7,124 individuals (comprising 6,400 controls who had mild to moderate COVID-19 and 724 cases with severe COVID-19).

[The Expression of TP53TG1, LINC00342, MALAT1, H19, and MEG3 Long Noncoding RNAs in Type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Type 2 diabetes is a complex and multifactorial metabolic disorder. The frequency of type 2 diabetes has dramatically increased worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs play a regulatory role in pathological processes of type 2 diabetes.

Prospects for breast cancer immunotherapy using microRNAs and transposable elements as objects.

One of the directions in treatment of chemoresistant breast cancer (BC) may include new methods of activating the immune response against tumor cells. Clinically used checkpoint inhibition using antibodies to PD-1 and PD-L1 works in some patients, but the lack of biomarkers means number of respondents is low. The possibility of combining this method with chemotherapy is limited by an increased risk of toxic liver damage, development of immune-related pneumonitis, and thyroid dysfunction.

Platinum-based chemotherapy promotes antigen presenting potential in monocytes of patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide. The major clinical challenge includes the asymptomatic state of the disease, making diagnosis possible only at advanced stages. Another OC complication is the high relapse rate and poor prognosis following the standard first-line treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy.

Polyphenol-Mediated Modulation of Non-Coding RNAs: A New Therapeutic Approach for Hypertension - A Review.

Hypertension (HTN) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality. Conventional pharmacological treatments have been effective but are often accompanied by side effects and do not address all pathological aspects of the disease. Recent advances in molecular biology have identified non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as key regulators in the pathogenesis of hypertension.