Estimation of haemoglobin using non-invasive portable device with spectroscopic signal application.

An estimated 52% of non-pregnant women of reproductive age in India are estimated to be affected by anaemia, which is categorised as a chronic condition. In 2019-2021, the National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5) which was undertaken revealed the following statistics about the prevalence of anaemia in the state of Karnataka. To estimate haemoglobin levels using non-invasive portable device among nursing students.

Effect of High Serum Ferritin on Extent of Involvement of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis.

Coronavirus disease 2019 attributed to severe acute respiratory syndrome has been implicated with life threatening opportunistic infections like mucormycosis. COVID-19 is a hyperferritinemic syndrome and emerging data project the role of iron in the susceptibility and pathogenesis of mucormycosis but whether high ferritin is an indicator of severity of mucormycosis is debated. The study aimed to determine the relationship between serum ferritin levels and the extent of involvement of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis.

Averting catastrophic tuberculosis costs in an Indian state: integration of Ayushman Bharat Arogya Karnataka with National Tuberculosis Elimination Program.

The WHO's "End TB" initiative aims to reduce catastrophic expenses, incidence, and mortality by 90%, 80%, and 0%, respectively by 2030 and Government of India has committed to reaching these goals by 2025. Despite tremendous progress, tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the main public health issues. To limit TB transmission and expedite reduction in incidence, further measures are needed.

Assessment of left ventricular function in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the world's third leading cause of death, posing a significant public health challenge. Heart failure is an important milestone in the natural history of this disease's ever-decreasing course. Cor pulmonale alone is sometimes insufficient to explain the scenario, as many heart failures are refractory even after standard treatment.

Role of in preventing depression, anxiety, and oxidative stress in long-term socially isolated rats.

Background And Aim: Social isolation stress (SIS) and individual housing have been shown to cause abnormal cognitive insufficiencies, altered anxiety levels, and signs of psychiatric diseases. (AC), commonly known as Sweet Flag, has been widely used in India to treat neurological, metabolic, and respiratory disorders, indicating its potential therapeutic value. This study aimed to determine the antidepressant and antioxidative effects of AC on rats subjected to long-term, social isolation-induced stress.

Paternal stress alters synaptic density and expression of GAP-43, GRIN1, M1 and SYP genes in the hippocampus and cortex of offspring of stress-induced male rats.

Adverse experiences during pregnancy have a negative impact on the neuronal structure and behavior of offspring, but the effects of a father's life events on the outcome of progeny are scarce. The present study is intended to investigate whether paternal stress affects the offspring brain structure, especially those regions concerned with learning and formation of memory, namely the hippocampus (HC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and also the expression of certain genes linked to learning and memory in the offspring. Induced stress to male rats by five stressors, one per day followed by allowing them to mate with the normal, unstressed female.

Evidence of alterations in the learning and memory in offspring of stress-induced male rats.

Objectives: There is extensive data pointing to offspring outcomes related to maternal life incidents, but there is less research concerning the association between paternal life events and progeny brain development and behaviour. As male gametogenesis is a continuous process, the incidences happening in life can modify the epigenetic regulation, altering the offspring's development and behaviour. The present study evaluates the effects of paternal stress during different life periods on their offspring's learning ability, memory, morphological and biochemical changes in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in the rat model.

Pediatric Asthma: Prevalence and Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting Asthma Management in a Rural Area of Northern Karnataka.

Context: Asthma prevalence and severity is increasing among Indian children. There is the paucity of data on pediatric asthma in rural India and treatment received by asthmatics is not up-to-standard treatment guidelines.

Aim: The aim is to estimate asthma prevalence and factors influencing access to standard asthmatic care among 5-15 years aged children.

Contaminants and Mimickers in Cytopathology.

Context: Many contaminants are routinely encountered in cytopathology practice. However, because of lack of familiarity and experience with them, many are unnoticed, neglected, or confused with other structures of major relevance.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to intentionally introduce contaminants into the smears and to provide distinctive morphological criteria required for the microscopist to identify them confidently to avoid possible confusion.

Radiological Biometric Study of Metatarsals and Phalanges.

Introduction: Several diseases affect the forefoot bones. Relative dimensions of the forefoot bones are important considerations for preoperative and postoperative assessment of surgeries. The choice of a particular surgery over another can also be made if the surgeon knows the length to which a bone needs to be lengthened or shortened in comparison to other bones of the forefoot.

A Proteogenomic Analysis of Haptoglobin in Malaria.

Scope: Haptoglobin (Hp), an acute phase inflammatory protein is associated with malaria pathogenesis in several proteomics and genomics studies. The Hp gene has two co-dominant alleles: Hp1 and Hp2 that produce three genotypes: Hp1/Hp1, Hp1/Hp2 and Hp2/Hp2.

Experimental Design: In this study, validation of the proteomics data with Multiple Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectroscopy (MRM-MS) is performed and the association of the Hp gene variants with severe, non-severe malaria and community (healthy) controls using genotyping PCRs and DNA sequencing is analysed.

Effects of Diaceto-Dipropyl-Disulphide on Plasma Sialic Acid and Renal Tissue Thiol Levels in Alloxan Diabetic Rats.

Introduction: Plasma sialic acid levels are elevated in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients with proteinuria. Renal damage is mainly caused by free radicals that are excessively generated in DM. Thiols play an important role in the cellular antioxidative defence mechanisms mainly through thiol-disulphide exchange reaction.

Sleep Habits and Sleep Problems in Healthy Preschoolers.

Objectives: To describe the sleep patterns and problems in children aged between 12 and 36 mo of age.

Methods: This cross sectional survey was collected over a span of 1 y in Advanced Pediatric Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh and crèches of Chandigarh. Children in the age group of 12 to 36 mo were included in study.

Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among tuberculosis patients at tertiary care combined hospital.

Background And Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have reached epidemic proportions in our country. This study was undertaken to know the seroprevalence of HIV infection among TB patients and to evaluate the various clinical features of TB in seropositive and seronegative patients. This study was undertaken in Vijayanagara Institute of Medical Sciences, Bellary.

Impact of HIV/AIDS on quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS in Chitradurga district, Karnataka.

Background: HIV/AIDS is fatal illness which leaves the victim vulnerable. Quality of life in individuals living with HIV/AIDS is becoming crucial for measuring commonly used endpoints. The study of psychosocial factors also influences the health outcome of People Living with HIV/AIDS.

Influence of parental obesity on school children.

Objective: To find out the association between parental obesity and childhood obesity.

Methods: Children in middle schools were screened for obesity. For each obese child two controls were studied.