651 results match your criteria: "Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies[Affiliation]"
Commun Med (Lond)
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major neurodegenerative disorder with significant environmental factors, including diet and lifestyle, influencing its onset and progression. Although previous studies have suggested that certain diets may reduce the incidence of AD, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
Method: In this post-hoc analysis of a randomized crossover study of 20 elderly adults, we investigated the effects of a modified Mediterranean ketogenic diet (MMKD) on the plasma lipidome in the context of AD biomarkers, analyzing 784 lipid species across 47 classes using a targeted lipidomics platform.
J Biol Rhythms
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
Circadian disruption is pervasive in modern society and associated with increased risk of disease. Chronic jet lag paradigms are popular experimental tools aiming to emulate human circadian disruption experienced during rotating and night shift work. Chronic jet lag induces metabolic phenotypes tied to liver and systemic functions, yet lack of a clear definition for how rhythmic physiology is impaired under these conditions hinders the ability to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEMBO J
January 2025
Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) is a regulator of apoptosis, mitochondrial dynamics, and metabolism. Loss of MTCH2 results in mitochondrial fragmentation, an increase in whole-body energy utilization, and protection against diet-induced obesity. In this study, we used temporal metabolomics on HeLa cells to show that MTCH2 deletion results in a high ATP demand, an oxidized cellular environment, and elevated utilization of lipids, amino acids, and carbohydrates, accompanied by a decrease in several metabolites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Commun Signal
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience New Jersey Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Rutgers, Newark, NJ, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring)
December 2024
Department of Statistical Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1Ra)-based therapies on change in dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-acquired lean mass (LM) or bone mineral density (BMD).
Methods: PubMed and Web of Science were searched from database inception through January 29, 2024, for randomized, placebo-controlled trials reporting on change in DXA-acquired LM or BMD measures associated with 12+ weeks of GLP1Ra-based treatment. Of 2618 articles, 9 trials met prespecified search criteria, with 7 reporting on change in total body LM and 2 reporting on change in BMD.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
December 2024
Department of Population Health Sciences, UTHealth San Antonio, Texas, USA.
The Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) is one of the largest ongoing longitudinal studies of aging in Latin America, with six waves over 20 years. MHAS includes sociodemographic, economic, and health data from a nationally representative sample of adults 50 years and older in urban and rural Mexico. MHAS is designed to study the impact of diseases on adults' health, function, and mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetologia
November 2024
Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Aims/hypothesis: Upregulation of serum leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been implicated in diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders. However, its specific hormonal actions remain unclear. This study aimed to determine whether diet-enhanced serum LRG1 levels promote hyperinsulinaemia by directly stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural Regen Res
November 2024
Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Antioxid Redox Signal
December 2024
Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Lipids, which constitute the highest portion (over 50%) of brain dry mass, are crucial for brain integrity, energy homeostasis, and signaling regulation. Emerging evidence revealed that lipid profile alterations and abnormal lipid metabolism occur during normal aging and in different forms of neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, increasing genome-wide association studies have validated new targets on lipid-associated pathways involved in disease development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
November 2024
Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Alternative splicing is a fundamental process that contributes to the functional diversity and complexity of proteins. The regulation of each alternative splicing event involves the coordinated action of multiple RNA-binding proteins, creating a diverse array of alternatively spliced products. Dysregulation of alternative splicing is associated with various diseases, including neurodegeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
October 2024
Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and the Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Cellular senescence is a key driver of the aging process and contributes to tissue dysfunction and age-related pathologies. Senolytics have emerged as a promising therapeutic intervention to extend healthspan and treat age-related diseases. Through a senescent cell-based phenotypic drug screen, we identified a class of conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids, specifically α-eleostearic acid and its methyl ester derivative, as novel senolytics that effectively killed a broad range of senescent cells, reduced tissue senescence, and extended healthspan in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFree Radic Biol Med
November 2024
Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; VA Oklahoma Health Care System, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. Electronic address:
With the development of the technology to generate transgenic and knockout mice in the 1990s, investigators had a powerful tool to directly test the impact of altering a specific gene on a biological process or disease. Over the past three decades, investigators have used transgenic and knockout mouse models, which have altered expression of antioxidant genes, to test the role of oxidative stress/damage in aging and age-related diseases. In this comprehensive review, we describe the studies using transgenic and knockout mouse models to test the role of oxidative stress/damage in aging (longevity) and three age-related diseases, e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
September 2024
Department of Molecular Medicine and Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Cell Commun Signal
September 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience New Jersey Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Rutgers, Newark, NJ, USA.
APOE is a major genetic factor in late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), with APOE4 increasing risk, APOE3 acting as neutral, and APOE2 offering protection. APOE also plays key role in lipid metabolism, affecting both peripheral and central systems, particularly in lipoprotein metabolism in triglyceride and cholesterol regulation. APOE2 is linked to Hyperlipoproteinemia type III (HLP), characterized by mixed hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia due to impaired binding to Low-Density Lipoproteins receptors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
October 2024
Department of Neurobiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address:
The EFA6 protein family, originally identified as Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factors, has also been found to regulate cortical microtubule (MT) dynamics. Here, we find that in the mature C. elegans epidermal epithelium, EFA-6 forms punctate foci in specific regions of the apical cortex, dependent on its intrinsically disordered region (IDR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Biol
September 2024
Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Repair, Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06536, USA.
J Natl Cancer Inst
December 2024
Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Background: The incidence and mortality rates of hepatocellular carcinoma among Hispanic individuals in the United States are much higher than in non-Hispanic White people. We conducted multi-omics analyses to elucidate molecular alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma among Hispanic patients.
Methods: Paired tumor and adjacent nontumor samples were collected from 31 Hispanic hepatocellular carcinomas in South Texas for genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic profiling.
J Lipid Res
September 2024
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. Electronic address:
The rapid increase in lipidomic studies has led to a collaborative effort within the community to establish standards and criteria for producing, documenting, and disseminating data. Creating a dynamic easy-to-use checklist that condenses key information about lipidomic experiments into common terminology will enhance the field's consistency, comparability, and repeatability. Here, we describe the structure and rationale of the established Lipidomics Minimal Reporting Checklist to increase transparency in lipidomics research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMutat Res
November 2024
Department of Molecular Medicine and Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA; Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio MD Anderson Cancer Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA; Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA. Electronic address:
RAD51 is critical to the homologous recombination (HR) pathway that repairs DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and protects replication forks (RFs). Previously, we showed that the S181P (SP) mutation in RAD51 causes defective RF maintenance but is proficient for DSB repair. Here we report that SP/SP female mice exhibit a shortened lifespan compared to +/+ females but not males.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Metab
August 2024
UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA. Electronic address:
A key challenge in aging research is extending lifespan in tandem with slowing down functional decline so that life with good health (healthspan) can be extended. Here, we show that monthly clearance, starting from 20 months, of a small number of cells that highly express p21 (p21) improves cardiac and metabolic function and extends both median and maximum lifespans in mice. Importantly, by assessing the health and physical function of these mice monthly until death, we show that clearance of p21 cells improves physical function at all remaining stages of life, suggesting healthspan extension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
August 2024
Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Mays Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Electronic address:
Ewing sarcoma is a cancer of bone and soft tissue in children and young adults primarily driven by the EWS-FLI1 fusion oncoprotein, which has been undruggable. Here, we report that Ewing sarcoma depends on secreted sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1), a ceramide-generating enzyme, and ceramide. We find that G-protein-coupled receptor 64 (GPR64)/adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor G2 (ADGRG2) responds to ceramide and mediates critical growth signaling in Ewing sarcoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeroscience
July 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
July 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112.
The Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway plays critical roles in metazoan development and energy metabolism, but its role in regulating lipid homeostasis remains not fully understood. Here, we report that the activation of canonical Wnt/Wg signaling promotes lipolysis while concurrently inhibiting lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation in both larval and adult adipocytes, as well as cultured S2R+ cells, in . Using RNA-sequencing and CUT&RUN (Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease) assays, we identified a set of Wnt target genes responsible for intracellular lipid homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Metab
July 2024
Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Alterations in the rate and accuracy of messenger RNA (mRNA) translation are associated with aging and several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies. We previously reported that error-containing RNA that are normally cleared via nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), a key RNA surveillance mechanism, are translated in the adult brain of a Drosophila model of tauopathy. In the current study, we find that newly-synthesized peptides and translation machinery accumulate within nuclear envelope invaginations that occur as a consequence of tau pathology, and that the rate of mRNA translation is globally elevated in early stages of disease in adult brains of Drosophila models of tauopathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF