Primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention through life cycles in women. Consensus document of the SEC-WG CVD in Women, SEC-ACP, SEGO, AEEM, SEEN, semFYC, SEMERGEN, AEP, and AEM.

This consensus document on cardiovascular disease in women summarizes the views of a panel of experts organized by the Working Group on Women and Cardiovascular Disease of the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC-WG CVD in Women), and the Association of Preventive Cardiology of the SEC (SEC-ACP). The document was developed in collaboration with experts from various Spanish societies and associations: the Spanish Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (SEGO), the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN), the Spanish Association for the Study of Menopause (AEEM), the Spanish Association of Pediatrics (AEP), the Spanish Society of Primary Care Physicians (SEMERGEN), the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (semFYC), and the Association of Spanish Midwives (AEM). The document received formal approval from the SEC.

Cattle on the rocks: Understanding cattle mobility, diet, and seasonality in the Iberian Peninsula. The Middle Neolithic site of Cova de les Pixarelles (Tavertet, Osona).

Reconstructing past herd mobility, reproduction, and diet is crucial for understanding animal management practices among the first sedentary farming communities. It can also shed light on how domestic animals were integrated into the existing exchange networks of goods, products, and raw materials, and how they contributed to broader economic and social changes during the Neolithic. Despite the longstanding importance of cattle (Bos taurus) to herders, the role of cattle in the daily, seasonal, and annual cycle of activities of early farming communities remains relatively poorly understood.

Guidelines International Network: Principles for Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Health Guideline Enterprise.

Description: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been defined by the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Commission as "systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions-with some degree of autonomy-to achieve specific goals." Artificial intelligence has the potential to support guideline planning, development and adaptation, reporting, implementation, impact evaluation, certification, and appraisal of recommendations, which we will refer to as "guideline enterprise." Considering this potential, as well as the lack of guidance for the use of AI in guidelines, the Guidelines International Network (GIN) proposes a set of principles for the development and use of AI tools or processes to support the health guideline enterprise.

Prevalence of Pathogenic Variants and Eligibility Criteria for Genetic Testing in Patients Who Visit a Memory Clinic.

Background And Objectives: Identifying genetic causes of dementia in patients visiting memory clinics is important for patient care and family planning. Traditional clinical selection criteria for genetic testing may miss carriers of pathogenic variants in dementia-related genes. This study aimed identify how many carriers we are missing and to optimize criteria for selecting patients for genetic counseling in memory clinics.

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Occlusions With Large Ischemic Strokes: Insights From the SELECT2 Trial.

Background And Objectives: Although previous trials have established the efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in large ischemic core strokes, most of them excluded patients with extracranial internal carotid artery (e-ICA) occlusion. We aimed to compare outcomes in patients with e-ICA occlusion and large ischemic core infarcts treated with EVT vs medical management (MM).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the SELECT2 trial, a randomized controlled trial conducted at 31 international sites.

Elective Discontinuation of Larotrectinib in Pediatric Patients With TRK Fusion Sarcomas and Related Mesenchymal Tumors.

Larotrectinib is a highly selective tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor with efficacy in children with TRK fusion tumors. We evaluated patient outcomes after elective discontinuation of larotrectinib in the absence of disease progression in a protocol-defined wait-and-see subset analysis of eligible patients where treatment resumption with larotrectinib was allowed if disease progressed. We also assessed the safety and efficacy of larotrectinib in all pediatric patients with sarcoma.

Structure Protects Function: A Multilevel Engineered Surface Modification Renders the Surface of Titanium Dental Implants Resistant to Bacterial Colonization.

The global dental implant market is projected to reach $9.5 billion by 2032, growing at a 6.5% compound annual growth rate due to the rising prevalence of dental diseases.

An MRI assessment of mechanisms underlying lesion growth and shrinkage in multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To assess the pathological mechanisms contributing to white matter (WM) lesion expansion or contraction and remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: We assessed 1,613 lesions in 49 people with relapsing-remitting MS in the CCMR-One bexarotene trial (EudraCT 2014-003145-99). We measured lesion orientation relative to WM tracts, surface-in gradients and veins.

New Oral Selective Estrogen Receptor Degraders Redefine Management of Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.

Oral selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) are pure estrogen receptor antagonists that have the potential to overcome common resistance mechanisms to endocrine therapy in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. There are currently five oral SERDs in published and ongoing clinical trials-elacestrant, camizestrant, giredestrant, imlunestrant, and amcenestrant-with more in development. They offer a reasonably well-tolerated oral therapy option with low discontinuation rates in studies.

Gut microbiota and its impact on critical illness.

Purpose Of Review: This narrative review discusses the mechanisms connecting gut dysbiosis to adverse clinical outcomes in critically ill patients and explores potential therapeutic strategies.

Recent Findings: In recent years, the study of microbiota in ICUs has gained attention because of its potential effects on patient outcomes. Critically ill patients often face severe conditions, which can compromise their immune systems and lead to opportunistic infections from bacteria typically harmless to healthy individuals.

Diels-Alder Cycloaddition of Cyclopentadiene to C and Si and Their Endohedral Li Counterparts.

Both silicon and carbon are elements located in group 14 on the periodic table. Despite some similarities between these two elements, differences in reactivity are important, and whereas carbon is a central element in all known forms of life, silicon is barely found in biological systems. Here, we investigate the Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction of cyclopentadiene (CP) and cyclopentasildiene (CP) with fullerenes C, Li@C, Si, and Li@Si using density functional theory methods.

Extracellular vesicles in malaria: proteomics insights, and studies indicate the need for transitioning to natural human infections.

Globally, an estimated 2.1 billion malaria cases and 11.7 million malaria deaths were averted in the period 2000-2022.

Concomitant Cartilage Procedures With Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Do Not Substantially Alter Failure or Survival Rates Relative to Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Without Cartilage Procedures: A Systematic Review.

Background: Timely recognition and addressing of concomitant cartilage damage at the time of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) is critical to warrant future success. However, there remains a scarcity of data comparing outcomes between MAT with and without cartilage procedures.

Purpose: To compare patient-reported outcomes and rates of complications, failures, reoperations, and graft survivorship after MAT with concomitant cartilage procedures (MAT/Cart) and MAT without (MAT/NoCart).

Sedimentation and structure of squirmer suspensions under gravity.

The effect of gravity on the collective motion of living microswimmers, such as bacteria and micro-algae, is pivotal to unravel not only bio-convection patterns but also the settling of bacterial biofilms on solid surfaces. In this work, we investigate suspensions of microswimmers under the influence of a gravitational field and hydrodynamics, simulated the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) coarse-grained model. We first study the collective sedimentation of passive colloids and microswimmers of the puller and pusher types upon increasing the imposed gravitational field and compare them with previous results.

Characterization of Allobodo yubaba sp. nov. and Novijibodo darinka gen. et sp. nov., cultivable free-living species of the phylogenetically enigmatic kinetoplastid taxon Allobodonidae.

Kinetoplastids are a large and diverse protist group, spanning ecologically important free-living forms to medically important parasites. The taxon Allobodonidae holds an unresolved position within kinetoplastids, and the sole described species, Allobodo chlorophagus, is uncultivated, being a necrotroph/parasite of macroalgae. Here we describe Allobodo yubaba sp.

Allometric Relationships of Branch Water-Storage Capacity and Capacitance in Four European Trees Species.

Water storage capacity and capacitance in trees regulate hydration levels, providing water reserves during drought. However, the effects of varying traits, tissue fractions and of different water pools on the allometry of branch-/sample-level properties have not been systematically investigated. We analyse the relationships between branch size and branch capacity and capacitance with respect to wood density, xylem vulnerability to embolism, and tissue fractions.

Association of rapid eye movement sleep latency with multimodal biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Sleep disturbances are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), but the relationship between sleep architecture, particularly rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and AD/ADRD biomarkers remains unclear.

Methods: We enrolled 128 adults (64 with Alzheimer's disease, 41 with mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and 23 with normal cognition [NC]), mean age 70.8 ± 9.

Educational attainment as a potential effect modifier of alcohol use and 100% alcohol-attributable mortality in the United States-A longitudinal analysis of mortality linked survey data from 1997 to 2018.

Aims: To measure effects between educational attainment and alcohol use as a driver of unequal alcohol-attributable mortality.

Design: Nation-wide cohort study using a longitudinal design, linking data from the 1997-2018 National Health Interview Survey to mortality data of the National Death Index in 2019. The study has an average follow-up time of 10.

Investing in equitable healthy aging: Why Africa must reform social pension schemes to improve Alzheimer's disease and dementia outcomes.

The eligibility criteria for social pension schemes in Africa hinder equitable and healthy aging. In 2019, women in 14 sub-Saharan African countries had an average life expectancy of 67 years but a healthy life expectancy of only 57 years, leaving them 5 years in poor health before receiving a pension at age 62. Men had a similar situation-a life expectancy of 62 years and a healthy life expectancy of 53 years, spending 10 years in poor health before becoming eligible for pensions at age 63.

Compositional brain scores capture Alzheimer's disease-specific structural brain patterns along the disease continuum.

Introduction: Traditional multivariate methods for neuroimaging studies overlook the interdependent relationship between brain features. This study addresses this gap by analyzing relative brain volumetric patterns to capture how Alzheimer's disease (AD) and genetics influence brain structure along the disease continuum.

Methods: This study analyzed data from participants across the AD continuum from the Alzheimer's and Families (ALFA) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) studies.

Massive endocytosis mechanisms are involved in uptake of HIV-1 particles by monocyte-derived dendritic cells.

Introduction: HIV-1 exploits dendritic cells (DCs) to spread throughout the body via specific recognition of gangliosides present on the viral envelope by the CD169/Siglec-1 membrane receptor. This interaction triggers the internalization of HIV-1 within a structure known as the sac-like compartment. While the mechanism underlying sac-like compartment formation remains elusive, prior research indicates that the process is clathrin-independent and cell membrane cholesterol-dependent and involves transient disruption of cortical actin.