Topical Hyaluronic Acid Facial Cream with New Micronized Molecule Technology Effectively Penetrates and Improves Facial Skin Quality: Results from , and (Open-label) Studies.

Topical hyaluronic acid (HA) has shown effectiveness in maintaining skin hydration. Topical creams containing HA are widely available, but their efficacy is limited by their lack of penetration into the skin due to the large molecule size of HA, the result of being formulated into a cream base. In this three-part study (, and ), molecule sizes, penetration levels, and antiaging qualities of a topical HA facial cream that was formulated using a new technology that micronizes HA molecules (m-HA) were assessed.

Factors influencing disposition decisions for patients seen in a psychiatric emergency service.

Objective: The study examined factors influencing clinicians' decisions about disposition of patients seen in a psychiatric emergency service.

Methods: A stratified random unduplicated retrospective sample of 378 patient records was drawn from the records of 1,823 patients who visited the emergency service of an acute care psychiatric hospital in Israel during a seven-month period. Patients were selected from each of the following dispositions: not admitted (N = 96), discharged after brief observation in the emergency service (N = 90), admitted to a open unit (N = 104), and admitted to a locked unit (N = 88).

Invasiveness of medical procedures and state anxiety in women.

The authors studied state anxiety in women awaiting three different medical examinations: abdominal ultrasonography, mammography, and hysterosalpingography. These procedures differ in degree of intrusiveness and cause, respectively, low, intermediate, and high levels of pain and discomfort. The evidence supported the hypothesis that the degree of anxiety will correspond to the level of invasiveness.