Risk of major osteoporotic fractures among ultra-orthodox Jews.

Unlabelled: The Ultra-Orthodox Jewish population has behaviors that can influence the risk for osteoporotic fractures. We investigated whether this population is more prone to osteoporotic fractures than non-Orthodox Jewish. We did not find a significant difference in osteoporotic fracture rates between the two populations despite major differences in exposure to potential risk factors.

Hypoadrenalism as the Single Presentation of Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 1.

Type 1 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS1) is a rare hereditary disease affecting nearly 600 patients worldwide. The first of its cardinal manifestations, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism, or Addison's disease, presents in childhood. Additional nonclassical landmarks of APS1 continue to develop as late as the fifth decade of life.

Comparison of a modified flow cytometry osmotic fragility test with the classical method for the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis.

Background: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is the most common inherited hemolytic anemia. The flow cytometric test using eosin-5'maleimide (EMA) is a well-established diagnostic method. However, in order to improve HS detection, it is recommended that EMA and an osmotic fragility test (OFT) both be performed.

Hydrostatic anorectal injury caused by fall from jet-ski.

A 14-year-old girl, a rear seat passenger on a jet-ski not wearing suitable protective gear, was 'jumping' waves at a low velocity when she was ejected backwards off the vehicle, suffering a complex and unusual hydrostatic perineal injury as a result of the high-pressure water stream propelling the jet-ski. She presented to the emergency room with rectal bleeding and perineal and abdominal pain. Initial investigations revealed signs of anorectal injury and both intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal free air and fluid, suggesting a possible rectal perforation.

Cervical traction suture technique during large loop excision of the transformation zone increases complete lesion excision.

Purpose: A surgical technique was developed in the past by our group to reduce the rate of inadvertent complications. It was then seemed that it also increased the rate of complete lesion excision. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a cervical traction suture technique in increasing the prevalence of complete lesion excisions and reducing the incidence of unintended injuries to adjacent tissues during large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ).

Appetite and ghrelin levels in iron deficiency anemia and the effect of parenteral iron therapy: A longitudinal study.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is associated with decreased appetite. The ghrelin hormone is one of the major regulators of appetite.

Objectives: To evaluate appetite and ghrelin levels in patients with IDA, and to investigate the change in appetite and ghrelin following intravenous iron therapy.

Cognitive and physical performance are well preserved following standard blood donation: A noninferiority, randomized clinical trial.

Background: A walking blood bank (WBB) refers to the use of fellow combatants for battlefield blood donation. This requires pretesting combatants for infectious diseases and blood type. A fundamental prerequisite for this technique is that the donating soldier will suffer minimal physiological and mental impact.

Early experience with transfusing low titer group O whole blood in the pre-hospital setting in Israel.

Background: The Israeli Defense Force Medical Corps (IDF-MC) recently implemented the use of low titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) in the airborne combat search and rescue unit (CSAR) for both military and civilian patients during transport to definitive care. LTOWB is preferentially used by the CSAR instead of red blood cell units and freeze-dried plasma (FDP) for patients with signs of hemorrhagic shock. Ten percent of group O donors were eligible to donate LTOWB as they had anti-A and -B IgM titers of <50.

Gene network analysis reveals a role for striatal glutamatergic receptors in dysregulated risk-assessment behavior of autism mouse models.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents a wide, and often varied, behavioral phenotype. Improper assessment of risks has been reported among individuals diagnosed with ASD. Improper assessment of risks may lead to increased accidents and self-injury, also reported among individuals diagnosed with ASD.

Comparison of the Functional Outcomes of Lower Limb Amputees with or without End-Stage Renal Disease.

Background: The potential for full rehabilitation following amputation among end-stage renal disease patients is poor.

Objectives: To evaluate the functional outcomes and survival among amputees treated with hemodialysis at the end of the rehabilitation procedure.

Methods: We recruited 46 patients after lower limb amputation.

Ethnic differences of children with foreign body aspiration: a need for preventive education.

Introduction: Only in 2005 was a product labeling law passed in Israel that requires food companies to mark a choking hazard. We wished to investigate the influence of the hazard warning on the number of foreign body aspirations (FBA) in Israel, as well as the racial differences in the prevalence of and death rates from FBA.

Materials And Methods: All the medical records of patients under the age of 14 who arrived at our center's emergency department between the years 2007 and 2015 with suspected FBA were retrospectively reviewed.

Reassessment of the Need for an Oxygen Carrier for the Treatment of Traumatic Hemorrhage When Blood is not an Option.

Approximately 10 years ago, the development of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) was largely stalled after two large phase 3 clinical trials failed to achieve licensure primarily because the safety profile was viewed as unsatisfactory when HBOCs were compared with red cells. Concerns were also raised that HBOCs, as a class, had inherent toxicities. Since then, clinical experience with HBOCs in expanded access programs and under licensure in South Africa has demonstrated that HBOCs can be used safely and effectively.

The promising future of drones in prehospital medical care and its application to battlefield medicine.

Unmanned aerial vehicles, commonly referred to as drones, have been made widely available in recent years leading to an exponential growth in their roles and applications. The rapidly developing field of medical drones is on the verge of revolutionizing prehospital medicine enabling advanced health care delivery to once-inaccessible patients. The aim of this review is to clarify the basic technical properties of currently available medical drones and review recent advances and their usefulness in military and civilian health care missions.

Policy for reducing unplanned pregnancies and repeat unplanned pregnancies rates in Israeli Defense Force.

Israel has compulsory military service, beginning at the age of 18. Women serve about two years and men for about three years. However, de facto only some of the potential service entrants are recruited.

Rubrum Coelis: The Contribution of Real-Time Telementoring in Acute Trauma Scenarios-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

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Modeling suggests that microliter volumes of contaminated blood caused an outbreak of hepatitis C during computerized tomography.

Background & Aims: Acute hepatitis C (AHC) is not frequently identified because patients are usually asymptomatic, although may be recognized after iatrogenic exposures such as needle stick injuries, medical injection, and acupuncture. We describe an outbreak of AHC among 12 patients who received IV saline flush from a single multi-dose vial after intravenous contrast administration for a computerized tomography (CT) scan. The last patient to receive IV contrast with saline flush from a multi-dose vial at the clinic on the previous day was known to have chronic HCV genotype 1b (termed potential source, PS).

The impact of prehospital administration of freeze-dried plasma on casualty outcome.

Background: Hemorrhage is the most common preventable cause of death in both civilian and military trauma. There is no consensus regarding the appropriate fluid resuscitation protocol. Plasma, as a resuscitative fluid, has substantial benefits as a volume expander, owing to its relatively high oncotic pressure and its positive effect on trauma-induced coagulopathy by replenishing the lost coagulation factors, rather than diluting the casualty's remaining factors.

Developing a risk score to predict mortality in the first year after implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation: Data from the Israeli ICD Registry.

Introduction: Life expectancy of less than 1 year is usually a contraindication for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation. The aim was to identify patients at risk of death during the first year after implantation.

Methods And Results: Data were derived from a prospective Israeli ICD Registry.

Trauma Hemostasis and Oxygenation Research Network position paper on the role of hypotensive resuscitation as part of remote damage control resuscitation.

The Trauma Hemostasis and Oxygenation Research (THOR) Network has developed a consensus statement on the role of permissive hypotension in remote damage control resuscitation (RDCR). A summary of the evidence on permissive hypotension follows the THOR Network position on the topic. In RDCR, the burden of time in the care of the patients suffering from noncompressible hemorrhage affects outcomes.

Elevated serum BDNF levels are associated with favorable outcome in CLL patients: Possible link to CXCR4 downregulation.

Increased chemokine C-X-C receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression is related to unfavorable outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neuronal growth factor that has been shown previously to interact with CXCR4 in neuronal cells. Here, we studied the in vitro effect of BDNF on CXCR4 expression and chemotaxis toward stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in freshly isolated CLL cells.

Differential contribution of cis and trans gene transcription regulatory mechanisms in amygdala and prefrontal cortex and modulation by social stress.

While both individual transcription factors and cis-acting sites have been studied in relation to psychiatric disorders, there is little knowledge of the relative contribution of trans-acting and cis-acting factors to gene transcription in the brain. Using an RNA-seq approach in mice bred from two evolutionary-distinct mice strains, we determined the contribution of cis and trans factors to gene expression in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala, two regions of the brain relevant to the stress response, and the contribution of cis and trans factors in the prefrontal cortex after Chronic Social Defeat (CSD) in mice. More genes were regulated by cis-regulatory factors in both brain regions, underlying the importance of cis-acting gene regulation in the brain.