An Unusual Meroterpenoid and Two New Steroids from Fungus Penicillium fellutanum and Their Bioactivities.

An unusual clathrate-type meroterpenoid isoatlantinone A (1), two new steroids acrocalysterols E (2) and F (3), together with fifteen known compounds (4-18) were separated from a plant-associated fungus Penicillium fellutanum. Their structures and absolute configurations were established based on spectroscopic data (NMR and HRESIMS), electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and modified Mosher's method. Notably, compound 1 represents an unusual highly oxygenated meroterpenoid derivative with a unique caged bioxatetracyclo-[6.

Mechanisms and structure-activity relationships of natural polysaccharides as potential anti-osteoporosis agents: A review.

In recent years, polysaccharides derived from natural sources have garnered significant attention due to their safety and potential anti-osteoporotic effects. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the sources, distribution, structures, and mechanisms of anti-osteoporosis polysaccharides, as well as an investigation into their structure-activity relationships. Over thirty distinct, homogenous polysaccharides with anti-osteoporosis properties have been extracted from natural sources, primarily categorized as glucans, fructans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and various other heteropolysaccharides.

High Energy Storage Under the Regulation of Polymer Phase Structure.

Dielectric nanocomposites have garnered significant interest owing to their potential applications in energy storage. However, achieving high energy density (U) and charge/discharge efficiency (η) remains a challenge in their fabrication. In this paper, core-shell structured BaTiO@Polyvinylpyrrolidone (BT@PVP) nanoparticles are prepared, and incorporated into a semi-crystalline polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix.

Investigation of Basic Assumption for Contact Between Spheric Asperities in Rough Surface.

Accurate analyses of contact problems for rough surfaces are important but complicated. Some assumptions, namely that all asperities can be approximated by a hemisphere with the same radius and assuming a Gaussian distribution of the asperity heights, are convenient but may lead to less accurate results. The purpose of this work is to investigate these assumptions and analyze the conditions under which they are valid.

Experimental Investigation and Modeling of Surface Roughness in BTA Deep Hole Drilling with Vibration Assisted.

The surface roughness of hole machining greatly influences the mechanical properties of parts, such as early fatigue failure and corrosion resistance. The boring and trepanning association (BTA) deep hole drilling with axial vibration assistance is a compound machining process of the tool cutting and the guide block extrusion. At the same time, the surface of the hole wall is also ironed by the axial large amplitude and low-frequency vibration of the guide block.

Trigger inducible tertiary lymphoid structure formation using covalent organic frameworks for cancer immunotherapy.

The discovery of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) within tumor tissues provides a promising avenue to promote the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Yet, the lack of effective strategies to induce TLS formation poses a substantial obstacle. Thus, the exploration of potential inducers for TLS formation is of great interest but remains challenging.

Multifunctional Fluorescent Material Based Red-emitting Carbon Dots for Cell Imaging and Photodynamic Sterilization.

In this paper, a new carbon dot (R1-CDs) was prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method by using 1,8-diaminonaphthalene and o-phthalic acid (o-PA) as precursors. Due to the high purity of R1-CDs, NMR analysis was performed to identify the types of H and C atoms in their graphene sheets. From our research findings, three important information was disclosed such as (1) five types H atoms are presented in R1-CDs; (2) 18 kinds of C atoms in the graphene sheets are observed, and 8 kinds of them are quaternary atoms, and 10 kinds of carbon atoms as tertiary one; (3) functional groups of -COOH and -NH from precursors cannot be inherited into the edges or defect sites of graphene sheet.

Nanoscale Indentation-Induced Crystal Plasticity in CrCoNi Medium-Entropy Alloys Containing Short-Range Order.

CrCoNi medium-entropy alloys (MEAs), characterised by their high configurational entropies, have become a research hotspot in materials science. Recent studies have indicated that MEAs exhibit short-range order (SRO), which affects their deformation mechanisms. In this study, the micro-mechanisms of SRO within the framework of mesoscale continuum mechanics are mathematically evaluated using an advanced, non-local crystal plasticity constitutive framework.

Synthesis and Luminescence Characterization of Novel Red-Emitting Phosphors Based on Eu-Activated KSr(MoO) Molybdates for w-LEDs.

In this work, trivalent europium (Eu) ion activated KSr(MoO) red phosphors have been synthesized through high-temperature solid-state reaction method at 750 ℃. Detailed analysis was conducted on the phase purity, morphology, and luminescence properties of the synthesized phosphors. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the successful formation of KSr(MoO):Eu phosphors with pure phase with space group С.

(Non-) periodic variation of excited-state properties for coinage metal dimers M (M = Cu, Ag, Au, Rg).

The impact of relativistic effects on the periodicity of elements has significant implications for the prediction of the properties of atoms and their compounds. In this study, (non-) periodic variations of the properties of Group IB dimers are investigated from the perspective of excited states. The EOM-CCSD and EOM-CCSD(T)(a)* methods along with wave function analysis tools are employed to investigate their excited state.

Synthesis of Functionalized Indoles by an Iridium-Catalyzed N-H Insertion Cascade: Nucleophilic Cyclization of Naphthylamines with α-Diazocarbonyl Compounds.

A novel iridium-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of naphthylamines and α-diazocarbonyl compounds was developed for the rapid assembly of densely functionalized indoles. This new catalytic process represents the first example of a cascade intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization by the N-H insertion of amines. Various naphthylamines and α-diazocarbonyl compounds could be obtained in high yields with excellent functional group tolerance.

Effect of Virtual Reality Technology on Attention and Motor Ability in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the common neurodevelopmental disorders in children and virtual reality (VR) has been used in the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD.

Objective: This paper aims to systematically evaluate the effect of VR technology on the attention and motor ability of children with ADHD.

Methods: The intervention method of the experimental group was VR technology, while the control group adopted non-VR technology.

Systematic analysis of natural topoisomerase I inhibitors from by ultrafiltration-UPLC-ESI-MS/MS, pharmacophore modelling, and molecular dynamics simulation.

This study conducted a systematic analysis to explore natural DNA topoisomerase I (topo I) inhibitors from (). Crude extract of exhibited notable toxic and anti-proliferative effects on A549 cells. A total of 36 components were identified using bioaffinity ultrafiltration UPLC-ESI-MS/MS.

A statistical analysis method for probability distributions in Erdös-Rényi random networks with preferential cutting-rewiring operation.

The study of specific physiological processes from the perspective of network physiology has gained recent attention. Modeling the global information integration among the separated functionalized modules in structural and functional brain networks is a central problem. In this article, the preferentially cutting-rewiring operation (PCRO) is introduced to approximatively describe the above physiological process, which consists of the cutting procedure and the rewiring procedure with specific preferential constraints.

Progress in Protein-Based Hydrogels for Flexible Sensors: Insights from Casein.

In recent years, the rapid advancement of flexible sensors as the cornerstone of flexible electronics has propelled a flourishing evolution within the realm of flexible electronics. Unlike traditional flexible devices, hydrogel flexible sensors have characteristic advantages such as biocompatibility, adhesion, and adjustable mechanical properties and have similar properties to human skin. Especially, biobased hydrogels have become the preferred substrate material for flexible sensors due to increased environmental pressures caused by the scarcity of petrochemical resources.

Anion regulation for surface passivation enables ultrahigh-stability perovskite nanocrystals.

All-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) display high photoluminescence quantum yield and narrow emission, which show great potential application in optoelectronic devices. However, the poor environment stability of NCs will hinder their practical application. Herein, a series of ionic liquids with different anions (BF4-, Br-, and NO3-) were used as a sole capping ligand to synthesize NCs.

Metal-Organic Skeleton-Derived W-Doped GaO-NC Catalysts for Aerobic Oxidative Dehydrogenation of -Heterocycles.

-heterocycles with quinoline structures hold significant importance within the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. However, achieving their efficient transformations remains a vital yet challenging endeavor. Herein, a series of W-doped GaO-NC catalysts were synthesized using a Ga-MOF-derived strategy through a simple solvothermal method, with a remarkably high activity and selectivity towards the oxidative dehydrogenation of -heterocycles.

The efficacy of picture vs. word danger cues in reducing imitation of dangerous actions in children.

Introduction: Children are naturally curious and often have limited self-control, leading them to imitate both safe and dangerous actions. This study aimed to investigate whether dangerous cues could effectively inhibit children's imitation of hazardous behaviors and to compare the effectiveness of picture cues versus word cues in reducing this imitation.

Methods: Seventy-six children were divided into two groups: one group received picture cues, and the other received word cues.

Diverse effects of climate changes and anthropogenic activities on sedimentary nitrogen isotope (δN) in lakes across different regions of China since the late Holocene.

Nitrogen plays a vital role in the Earth's systems. Nitrogen isotopes have been widely used in environmental and climatic research. Various biogeochemical processes and nitrogen sources contribute to the sedimentary organic matter.

Ultrahydrophilic Inorganic Nanosheet-Based Nanofiltration Membranes for High Efficiency Separations of Inorganic Salts and Organic Dyes.

Two-dimensional (2D) inorganic nanomaterials have garnered extensive attention in the fabrication of inorganic nanofiltration membranes due to their unique structures and properties. In this study, we developed a facile process for fabricating large-scale ultrahydrophilic nanofiltration membranes using layered titanate HTiO·HO nanosheets (HT-ns). A drying deposition process was used to fabricate HT-ns membranes on a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (TF) substrate.