Burkitt lymphoma: Age Specific Fertility Rate in 113 long-term female survivors after treatment with cyclophosphamide.

Introduction: Reduced fertility risk is a risk in females treated with a high cumulative cyclophosphamide (CPM) dose.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to establish the age at menarche, record all pregnancies, calculate age-specific fertility rate (ASFR) in female BL survivors, treated in Cameroon, in the age groups 15-19 and 20-24 years, and association with an increasing cumulative CPM dose.

Methods: Data collection included personal data and telephone interviews for female survivors, aged ≥12 years with regards to menarche age, their mothers' menarche age, incidence and outcome of all pregnancies.

Social representation of abuse of persons with severe mental illness in Jakiri, Cameroon: A qualitative study.

Background: People with mental illness are vulnerable to abuse in the community. Cultural and social practices may be contributory.

Aim: To explore the social representation of abuse of persons with mental illness among the inhabitants of Jakiri municipality in Cameroon.

Pediatric Oncology Clinical Trials and Collaborative Research in Africa: Current Landscape and Future Perspectives.

Purpose: Adequate clinical services have yet to be established in the majority of African countries, where childhood cancer survival rates vary from 8.1% to 30.3%.

Occurrence and challenges in the management of severe chronic plaque type psoriasis in a limited resourced setting: a case report.

Plaque-type psoriasis is a major dermatosis with significant effects on quality of life. Case complexity is often high in low-resourced settings such as in Africa where the incidence has been on the rise. Despite major advancements and newer therapeutic modalities over the last decade, an insight into the real-life, day to day challenges in low resourced settings reveal an interplay between the difficulty in obtaining these drugs and use of alternative traditional indigenous agents.

Disparities in the delivery of pediatric oncology nursing care by country income classification: International survey results.

Background: In 2014, a task force of the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) Paediatric Oncology in Developing Countries Nursing Workgroup published six baseline standards to provide a framework for pediatric oncology nursing care in low- and lower-middle income countries (L/LMIC). We conducted an international survey in 2016-2017 to examine the association between country income level and nurses' resporting of conformity to the standards at their respective institutions.

Procedure: Data from a cross-sectional web-based survey completed by nurses representing 54 countries were analyzed (N = 101).

Deep neck infection and descending mediastinitis as lethal complications of dentoalveolar infection: two rare case reports.

Background: We report two cases of innocuous dentoalveolar infections which rapidly progressed to deep neck abscesses complicated by descending mediastinitis in a resource-constrained rural mission hospital in the Cameroon.

Case Presentation: The clinical presentations of a 35-year-old man and a 32-year-old woman both of Fulani origin in the Northern region of Cameroon were similar with submandibular fluctuant and tender swelling and differential warmth to palpation. The patients had tachycardia, high grade pyrexia, and normal blood pressure.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Sudden cardiac arrest under spinal anesthesia in a mission hospital: a case report and review of the literature.

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this case report because of concerns about patient consent to publish. The content of this article is no longer available online to protect the privacy of the patient. The author has not responded to correspondence from the publisher about this retraction.

Improved outcome at end of treatment in the collaborative Wilms tumour Africa project.

Background: The Collaborative Wilms Tumour (WT) Africa Project has implemented an adapted WT treatment guideline in sub-Saharan Africa as a multi-centre prospective clinical trial. A retrospective, baseline evaluation of end-of-treatment outcome was performed for a 2-year period prior to the introduction of this guideline. The collaborative project aims to reduce both treatment abandonment and death during treatment to less than 10% for improving survival.

Giant ovarian cyst masquerading as a massive ascites: a case report.

Background: Giant ovarian cysts are tumours of the ovary presenting with diameters greater than 10 cm. Giant ovarian cysts have become rare in recent days as they are diagnosed and managed early due to the availability of good imaging modalities. The aim of this case report is to show how a huge cystic ovarian mass can mislead the diagnosis of ascites in a postmenopausal woman.

Global Use of Traditional and Complementary Medicine in Childhood Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Purpose Traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) strategies are commonly used in pediatric oncology. Patterns may vary based on country income. We systematically reviewed published studies describing T&CM use among pediatric oncology patients in low-income countries (LIC/LMIC), middle-income countries (UMIC), and high-income countries (HIC).

Traditional and Complementary Medicine in Pediatric Oncology and Low-Middle Income Countries: Recommendations from the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP), T&CM Collaborative.

Significant strides have been made in the treatment of childhood cancer. Improvements in survival have led to increased attention toward supportive care indications; including the use of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM). The use of T&CM among children and adolescents with cancer is well documented in both high-income countries (HICs) and low-middle income countries (LMICs).

A systematic review of integrative clinical trials for supportive care in pediatric oncology: a report from the International Society of Pediatric Oncology, T&CM collaborative.

Purpose: Traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) use in children with cancer is well established among high-income, upper middle-income, low-middle-income, and low-income countries (HIC, UMIC, LMIC, LIC, respectively). In HIC, a developing body of evidence exists for several T&CM therapies; however, evidence in other income settings is less well described despite a significantly higher use when compared to reports from HIC. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence for T&CM for a variety of supportive care indications among children with cancer.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in a severely immunocompromised HIV patient in Kumbo, Northwest region of Cameroon: case report.

Background: Leishmaniasis is a rising opportunistic infection in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Cases of leishmania and HIV co-infection have been documented in several countries in the world with most reporting on the association between visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and HIV. We herein report the case of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) occurring in an HIV seropositive patient.

The role of traditional healers in the diagnosis and management of Burkitt lymphoma in Cameroon: understanding the challenges and moving forward.

Background: Burkittlymphoma(BL) is the most common childhood cancer in Cameroon with a reported incidence of 3 per 100,000 children under 15 years in the Northwest region. Treatment at three Baptist mission hospitals has a recorded cure rate of over 50%. Traditional medicine(TM) is recognized by the national health system, but its scope is undefined and entraps children with BL.

Traditional and complementary medicine used with curative intent in childhood cancer: A systematic review.

Traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) strategies are widely utilized in pediatric oncology, with many families reporting T&CM use with the intention to cure cancer. Study of T&CM agents presents many challenges, as a heterogeneous group of agents and techniques are used for a variety of different purpose in many different oncologic conditions. We present a systematic review of the literature examining published reports in which T&CM agents are used with an intention of cure.

Tropical diabetic hand syndrome: a case report.

Background: Tropical diabetic hand syndrome describes a complex hand sepsis affecting patients with diabetes across the tropics and often results from a trivial hand trauma. The clinical presentation of this syndrome is variable and ranges from localised swelling and cellulitis, with or without ulceration of the hand to progressive fulminant hand sepsis, and gangrene affecting the entire limb which may be fatal. Tropical diabetic hand syndrome could lead to permanent disability and death as a result of delay in presentation, late diagnosis and late medical and surgical intervention.

Right iliac vein thrombosis mimicking acute appendicitis in pregnancy: a case report.

Background: Right iliac vein thrombosis is uncommon in pregnancy. Nonetheless, when it does occur, its presentation could be very unspecific with important diagnostic challenges and this could have negative therapeutic consequences especially in a resource limited setting.

Case Presentation: The historical, clinical and laboratory data of a 30 year old G2P1001 woman of African ethnicity at 11 weeks of gestation pointed towards a right iliac vein thrombosis missed for an acute appendicitis with subsequent appendectomy and failure to cure.

Concurrent hyperthyroidism and papillary thyroid cancer: a fortuitous and ambiguous case report from a resource-poor setting.

Background: Concurrent thyroid cancer (TC) and hyperthyroidism (HT) is rare though increasingly being reported. HT due to TC is much rarer and more challenging especially in Africa where TC and HT have significant case fatality rates.

Case Presentation: We present a 37-year-old Cameroonian female who had been on irregular regimens of propranolol and digoxin as treatment for worsening palpitations for 12 months.

Addressing Childhood Cancer in Low-Resource Countries: Current Challenges, Strategies, and Recommendations.

Children and adolescents represent a small, but critically important, number of patients with cancer worldwide (14.1 million newly diagnosed adults versus 160,000 children annually). The life years saved when a child is cured of cancer are about 71 compared to 15 years for an adult in most high-income countries (HICs).

An evaluation of a palliative care outreach programme for children with Burkitt lymphoma in rural Cameroon.

Background: Palliative care (PC) is the most appropriate treatment for patients with life-limiting, incurable diseases, but it is a relatively new concept in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). A lack of curative treatment options for some conditions creates a great need for PC, but such services are rarely provided in SSA. More research into PC in SSA is urgently needed to create an evidence base to confirm the importance of appropriate PC services.

Urethral prolapse: contemporary report on a modified ligation over a urethral catheter treatment approach.

Background: Most contemporary series on urethral prolapse report either on the use of excisional or conservative treatment approaches.

Objectives: To introduce a modified ligation over a Foley catheter treatment method for urethral prolapse that addresses most of the previously reported complications.

Patients And Methods: Five consecutive patients with urethral prolapse treated between 2003 and 2011, all using the ligation method on an outpatient basis were studied prospectively.

Longstanding hydrocele in adult Black Africans: Is preoperative scrotal ultrasound justified?

Background: Longstanding hydrocele is very common among adult Black Africans. Preoperative scrotal ultrasound is widely used for adult patients presenting with hydrocele, with the main aim to rule out more serious underlying pathologies like malignancy or testicular torsion. This paper analyzes the findings and the necessity of automatic ordering of scrotal ultrasound in cases of longstanding hydrocele in adult Black Africans.

Unilateral testicular torsion with necrotic outcome: dilemmas of surgical timing.

Objective: To investigate the possible presence of infection in necrotic nonsalvageable testes of patients presenting with testicular torsion and to question the rationale for deferring orchiopexy in such situations to a later date.

Material And Methods: Between 2003 and 2011, 16 consecutive patients underwent same-time contralateral orchiopexy and ipsilateral orchiectomy for testicular torsion with necrosis. In all cases, peritesticular fluid or aspirate directly from the necrotic testes was investigated with Gram staining and culturing.

Effect of modified suprapubic prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia on postoperative hemoglobin levels.

Objectives: Hemostasis during suprapubic prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is commonly affected by placing sutures at the 5 o'clock position and the 7 o'clock position of the bladder neck. However, the urethral arterial branches of the inferior vesical artery that supplies the prostate extend from the 1 o'clock to 5 o'clock position and from the 7 o'clock to 11 o'clock position of the bladder neck, with the largest branches located posteriorly. This study analyses the effect of a modified suprapubic prostatectomy technique, which covered the area from the 1 o'clock position to the 11 o'clock position, on postoperative blood hemoglobin levels, as a reflection of hemorrhage control.