Evaluation of the Performance of Anganwadi Workers in Delivering Integrated Child Development Services in the Rural Field Practice Area of a Tertiary Medical College in South India.

Background and objective To meet the overall developmental needs of children below six years, adolescent girls, and expectant and nursing mothers, the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) was launched on 2nd October 1975 via the network of Anganwadis. It included a range of services like supplementary nutrition, preschool education, immunization, health check-up, referral services, and nutrition and health education. The majority of Karnataka's population resides in rural areas (61.

Cytomegalovirus induced genital ulcer in human immunodeficiency virus positive patient.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause life-threatening disease in immunocompromised patients, such as those with human immunodeficiency virus. It is a rare but important cause of ulceration in the female genital tract. Although cutaneous manifestations are rare, there are growing reports of CMV infections in genital and perigenital ulcers in immunocompromised individuals.

"Penetrating Neck Injuries: A Comprehensive Study".

Penetrating neck injuries are defined as injury to the neck associated with breach in the platysmal muscle layer. All penetrating neck injuries are potentially dangerous and require emergency intervention due to its proximity to airway, important blood vessels, nerves and other organs in the neck. A complete evaluation, rapid airway intervention and proper surgical repair are highly essential to prevent complications.

Nutrition Care in Cancer Surgery Patients: A Narrative Review of Nutritional Screening and Assessment Methods and Nutritional Considerations.

Malignancy is a catabolic state, which is precipitated with surgical intervention. Malnutrition is one of the main risk factors for poor outcomes of cancer surgery. We need to screen oncological patients for malnutrition using standardized screening tools, by which patients found to be at nutritional risk are then referred to a registered dietitian for further management.

Comparative Study of Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Clinical Phenotypes of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an inflammatory pulmonary disorder with systemic inflammatory manifestations. This study aims to identify the profile of systemic inflammatory markers in the different phenotypes of COPD to help predict the disease and identify suitable treatment options.

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 92 patients with COPD admitted to Victoria Hospital, Bangalore between August 2021 to December 2021.

A comparative study of three different approaches in treatment of talar neck fractures.

Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to observe and compare the radiographic and clinical outcomes among three different approaches which are anteromedial, anterolateral and combined approach in patients of talar neck fractures. The secondary objective was to observe various complications.

Material And Method: A total of 30 patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) from September 2018 to march 2020 were selected retrospectively.

Intracranial giant tuberculoma: A 7-year institutional experience and literature review.

Background: Intracranial tuberculomas are infrequent with a lower morbidity and mortality compared to tubercular meningitis. Giant intracranial tuberculomas are rarer but important differentials for intracranial space-occupying lesions causing focal neurological deficits depending on anatomical location and size.

Methods: Histopathologically confirmed giant intracranial tuberculomas selected based on institutional size criteria (<12 Years-old: ≥25 mm; 12-18 Years-old: ≥35 mm; ≥18 Years-old: ≥40 mm) were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed for clinical features, radiology, surgical management, and outcomes in patients admitted from 2015 to 2022.

Evaluation of Immunohistochemistry Technique for Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Biopsy Tissue Specimen as Compared to Composite Diagnostic Criteria.

Introduction: Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has been challenging owing to its paucibacillary nature and diverse clinical manifestations. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on biopsy specimens has presented a new perspective toward improving tuberculosis diagnosis. MPT64 is a unique antigen that has shown high sensitivity and specificity compared to other conventional techniques in its ability to diagnose tuberculosis as well as differentiate it from nontubercular mycobacteria.

Use of calcaneal plates in the treatment of posterior pelvic ring injuries and displaced iliac blade fractures- A case series.

Introduction: The operative fixation of pelvic ring injuries and associated acetabulum fractures presents a challenging scenario to most of the orthopaedic trauma surgeons. Current development of anatomically contoured reconstruction (ACR) plates gained popularity in fixing complex pelvic ring fractures. This study was done to assess the functional and radiological outcomes using of lateral wall stainless steel (LWSS) calcaneal plates in posterior pelvic ring injuries and displaced iliac blade fractures.

Intrathecal Nalbuphine and Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine versus Plain Bupivacaine for Orthopedic Surgeries under Subarachnoid Block: A Comparative Study.

Background: In long bone surgeries, the severity of pain is more, demanding good intraoperative anesthesia, and prolonged postoperative analgesia. This is achieved in spinal anesthesia with adjuvants to local anesthetics, which act synergistically.

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to bupivacaine versus bupivacaine alone in lower limb orthopedic surgeries under the subarachnoid block (SAB).

Keystone Island Flap for Reconstructive Surgery-A Novel Approach.

Keystone island flaps have a growing array of applications in reconstructive surgeries for the closure of simple and complex defects following the excision of skin tumors. It is a trapezoidal-shaped flap based on fasciocutaneous perforators. We share our experience with a 79-year-old man, who underwent keystone island flap reconstruction after the excision of biopsy-proven Bowen's disease.

Increased cannabis use in pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic.

Almost one in every 20 pregnant women self-reports marijuana use during pregnancy. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this number has risen to 1 in 6 pregnant women. Some of the main factors associated with cannabis use during pregnancy and lactation are management of chronic conditions, sensation-seeking, dealing with stress, and other conditions related to pregnancy.

An Elevated Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts In-Hospital Mortality in Stroke Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction Cerebrovascular accidents or strokes are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in today's world. Post-stroke disabilities like paralysis, dementia, etc., can affect the quality of life of patients as well as their families.

Antibiotic resistance of uropathogens among the community-dwelling pregnant and nonpregnant female: a step towards antibiotic stewardship.

Background: Indiscriminate and widespread use of antibiotics has resulted in emergence of many antibiotic-resistant organisms. Antibiotic administration during pregnancy is mostly avoided, unless there is compelling medical condition. We hypothesized that the uropathogens isolated from pregnant women would be more susceptible to antibiotics compared to those isolated from nonpregnant women, thus will be helpful in formulating separate empiric guideline for pregnant women based on the resistance pattern.

Efficacy and safety of 400 mg efavirenz versus standard 600 mg dose when taken with tenofovir and lamivudine combination in Indian adult patients with HIV-1 infection: An open-label, interventional, randomized, non-inferiority trial.

Background: To evaluate the non-inferiority of low dose efavirenz (400 mg) to standard dose efavirenz (600 mg), when taken in combination with tenofovir and lamivudine in Indian patients with HIV-1 infection.

Methods: An open-label, interventional phase IV study with blinded assessment was conducted across 17 sites in India. HIV-1-infected antiretroviral therapy-naive adult patients (≥18 years of age) with a plasma HIV-1 viral load of at least 1000 copies per mL were randomized to receive either tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz (TLE) 400 or TLE 600.

A cross-sectional survey of sleep patterns and quality and its association with psychological symptoms among doctors working in a COVID-19 care facility.

Context: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led to several psychological symptoms among frontline doctors of which sleep disturbances are common. Stress due to isolation and disease-related factors are known to be associated with sleep disturbances.

Aim: The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of poor sleep and its association with psychological symptoms among doctors working in COVID-19 tertiary hospital.

Erosive Pustular Dermatosis of the Scalp: Report of Three Cases.

Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp is a chronic cutaneous condition presenting with areas of erosions and pustules, healing with scarring and alopecia. We report three such cases presenting with pus-filled lesions of the scalp with nonspecific pathological changes. This condition is often misdiagnosed and shows a poor response to antibiotics.

CoRe study: COVID-19 and remdesivir: An insight into the current health planning and policy.

Introduction: The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has witnessed rampant use of the repurposed drug, remdesivir, despite its conflicting evidence and rapidly changing guidelines.

Methods: A cross-sectional, country-wide, questionnaire-based, electronic survey was conducted among the healthcare professionals involved in COVID-19 management from April 18 to May 18, 2021.

Results: Out of 231 responses, 185 were included.