Closing the Gap: Investigation of Various Approaches in the Management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus.

In preterm newborns with extremely low birth weights, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which is defined as a remnant connection between the aorta and pulmonary artery after 72 hours of birth, is frequently linked to substantial morbidity and mortality. If left untreated, a hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA) increases the risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and intraventricular hemorrhage among other morbidities, and can even lead to death. While instances of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) resolving on their own are frequent, the primary approach for managing PDA closure in premature infants involves pharmacological interventions, commonly utilizing indomethacin, ibuprofen, or paracetamol.

A cross-sectional study of anthropometry and immunization coverage of Anganwadi children in a rural area of Karnataka.

Background: Children are a supreme asset to a nation. Beginning six years of life is pivotal for the social, emotional, cognitive, physical, motor, and psychological upbringing of the child. National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 5 data shows 41.

A Study of the Clinical Profile and Respiratory Index of Severity in Children (RISC) Score in Infants Admitted With Acute Respiratory Infections at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background Pneumonia is a major infectious cause of mortality in young children worldwide. The Respiratory Index of Severity in Children (RISC) score was designed with the intent to provide an objective mean to quantify the severity of lower respiratory tract infection in young children based on their risk of mortality. Knowledge about the clinical profile of acute respiratory infections and the scoring system predicting the risk of mortality helps in modifying treatment strategies.

Study on the Quality, Relevance, and Comparability of YouTube Videos Expressing Stroke and Its Consequences From Various Sources.

Background and objective Stroke-related deaths have been one of the major causes of death worldwide due to its rising risk factors. As a result, several people rely on YouTube as a great source of information on stroke without knowing the genuineness of the content. This study aims to assess the quality and reliability of the information on stroke uploaded on the YouTube platform using the Global Quality score (GQS) and DISCERN score (DS), respectively.

First detection of Varicella Zoster Virus clade 9 cases in India during mpox surveillance.

Background: The multi-country mpox outbreak across the globe has led to the systematic surveillance of mpox cases in India. During the surveillance of mpox, we encountered cases of Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) in suspected mpox cases amongst children & adults. This study focused on the genomic characterization of VZV in India.

Comparative Roles of IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, 1L-22, IL-33, and IL-37 in Various Cardiovascular Diseases With Potential Insights for Targeted Immunotherapy.

In recent years, the study of interleukins (ILs), crucial cytokines involved in immune response and inflammation, has garnered significant attention within the sphere of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The research has provided insights into the involvement of ILs in diverse CVDs, including arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and heart failure (HF). ILs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for drug interventions through their involvement in disease development and progression.

A Penetrating Foreign Body with Sphenoid Sinus extension- A Case Report.

: Foreign bodies in the paranasal sinuses are rare and can result from high velocity trauma. Here, we report a case of a 12 year old child, who sustained a penetrating injury to the left eye with a tree branch while playing. On CT scan, the wooden foreign body was found to extend into sphenoid sinus.

A Rare Case of Tubercular Osteomyelitis of Maxilla: A Case Report.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic granulomatous infection which primarily affects lungs. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which was discovered by Dr Robert Koch. It can also affect other organs.

A case of trichotillomania and bulimia nervosa in a patient with adult-onset attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Key Clinical Message: Identifying any potential comorbidity such as bulimia nervosa (BN) and ADHD in trichotillomania patients is essential for a thorough treatment plan. Combining a multidisciplinary approach was found to be feasible and effective in the treatment.

Abstract: Trichotillomania is frequently considered an isolated disorder; nevertheless, emerging evidence suggests that other psychiatric conditions, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), eating disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are often found to coexist.

A Comparative Study to Explore Static and Dynamic Lung Functions in Users and Non-Users of Air Conditioners in Bengaluru.

Background: Air conditioners (AC) have become indispensable in the contemporary World. However, their effects on respiratory health need to be explored further using dynamic and static lung functions.

Objectives: The objectives were: 1.

Procedural safety of transcatheter aortic valve replacement with Portico valve: a systematic review.

Background: The Portico transcatheter aortic heart valve is a self-expandable, fully resheathable bioprosthetic valve with a nitinol frame and porcine pericardial sealing cuff. It has been used among symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) who are at high or extreme surgical risk. However, till date very few studies has been reported with inconclusive evidence for its postprocedure safety outcomes.

Perception Towards Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Among Women of Reproductive Age: Analysis of Nationwide Surveys in India.

Introduction: The knowledge of HIV prevention, attitudes towards people living with HIV (PLHIV), and beliefs in myths related to HIV/AIDS among women of reproductive age group in India hold immense importance. As this group is particularly vulnerable to HIV infection, having accurate knowledge about prevention methods is crucial to protect themselves and their partners. Positive attitudes towards PLHIV foster support, reduce stigma and encourage early testing and treatment.

A cross sectional analysis of medical device associated adverse events with radiotherapy devices - A materiovigilance study.

Background: Materiovigilance is a method for tracking, documenting, and analyzing the causal factors of adverse outcomes or complications associated with the use of medical devices. In addition, it recommends that the Indian regulatory authority takes necessary steps with the aim of enhancing patient safety. The present study was taken up as there are hardly any studies available in the public domain on adverse events due to radiotherapy.

Unlocking the Mysteries, Bridging the Gap, and Unveiling the Multifaceted Potential of Stem Cell Therapy for Cardiac Tissue Regeneration: A Narrative Review of Current Literature, Ethical Challenges, and Future Perspectives.

Revolutionary advancements in regenerative medicine have brought stem cell therapy to the forefront, offering promising prospects for the regeneration of ischemic cardiac tissue. Yet, its full efficacy, safety, and role in treating ischemic heart disease (IHD) remain limited. This literature review explores the intricate mechanisms underlying stem cell therapy.

Quality Improvement Study With Low-Cost Strategies to Reduce Neonatal Admission Hypothermia.

Background Admission hypothermia is still an underappreciated major challenge for new-born survival in low-resource settings. The WHO recommends skin-to-skin contact as the simplest and safest way for maintaining the body temperature even during transportation. Quality improvement initiatives for hospitalised new-borns have shown benefits like a reduction in neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Nicolau syndrome associated with fluphenazine depot: A case report.

Nicolau syndrome is a rare condition characterized by severe pain at the site of injection, leading to ulceration and necrosis of the local tissues. Its presentation is usually acute. Nicolau syndrome is commonly seen in patients after intramuscular, intra-articular, or subcutaneous injections of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antiepileptics, antipsychotics, antibiotics, antihistamines, and corticosteroids.

Systems-level profiling of early peripheral host-response landscape variations across COVID-19 severity states in an Indian cohort.

Host immune response to COVID-19 plays a significant role in regulating disease severity. Although big data analysis has provided significant insights into the host biology of COVID-19 across the world, very few such studies have been performed in the Indian population. This study utilizes a transcriptome-integrated network analysis approach to compare the immune responses between asymptomatic or mild and moderate-severe COVID-19 patients in an Indian cohort.

An Eight-Year-Old Child With Sneddon Syndrome: A Rare Case Report.

We present a rare case of slow-progressing neurocutaneous vasculopathy described as Sneddon syndrome. A child presented with global developmental delay, congenital livedo racemosa, unilateral vision loss, and a past history of focal neurological deficit. Our main objective is to make physicians aware of this nature of presentation in children.

A study to evaluate association of nuclear grooving in benign thyroid lesions with RET/PTC1 and RET/PTC3 gene translocation.

Introduction: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant lesion of the thyroid characterized by unique histological features like nuclear grooving, nuclear clearing, and intra-nuclear inclusions. However, nuclear grooves are observed even in benign thyroid lesions (BTL) like nodular goiter (NG), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and follicular adenoma (FA) resulting in diagnostic dilemma of the presence of PTC in such BTL. RET/PTC gene translocation is one of the most common oncogenic rearrangements seen in PTC, known to be associated with nuclear grooving.

Double Trouble Co-Infections: Understanding the Correlation Between COVID-19 and HIV Viruses.

A global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), mounted a substantial threat to public health worldwide. It initially emerged as a mere outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and quickly engulfed the entire world, evolving into a global pandemic, consuming millions of lives and leaving a catastrophic effect on our lives in ways unimaginable. The entire healthcare system was significantly impacted and HIV healthcare was not spared.

Post-hypoxic myoclonus; what we know and gaps in knowledge.

Post-hypoxic myoclonus (PHM) is a rare neurological complication having two different variants depending on acute or chronic onset after cardiopulmonary resuscitation following cardiac arrest: myoclonic status epilepticus (MSE) and Lance-Adams syndrome (LAS) respectively. Clinical and simultaneous electro-encephalographic (EEG) and electromyographic (EMG) tracing can distinguish between the two. Anecdotal treatment with benzodiazepines and anaesthetics (in the case of MSE) have been tried.

Mammary Analogue Secretory Carcinoma of Parotid - a Pathological Mystery.

Salivary gland neoplasms account for 3-6% of head and neck tumours. 70-80% of parotid tumours are benign in histopathology. FNAC has an overall accuracy of 95% in diagnosis of parotid neoplasms.

A cross-sectional study of coping strategies and resilience and its association with psychological symptoms of doctors working in a dedicated COVID-19 care center.

Context: Health-care professionals who are involved in treating COVID patients use multiple coping strategies to overcome stress. Studies have shown that individuals having poor coping strategies and resilience are more prone toward psychological symptoms.

Aims: The study was conducted to assess the coping strategies and resilience and its association with psychological symptoms of frontline doctors working in a COVID care center.