Pediatric Orthognathic Surgery: A NSQIP-P Comparison of Peri-Operative Factors and Outcome Differences Between Cleft and Noncleft Patients.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the risk factors, complication profiles, and clinical outcomes of cleft and noncleft patients undergoing single jaw (mandibular or LeFort 1) and bimaxillary (BSSO + LeFort 1).

Design: Retrospective Cross-sectional Study Setting: National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database 2018-2019.

Patients: Pediatric patients.

Patient Exposure from Radiologic and Nuclear Medicine Procedures in the United States and Worldwide: 2009-2018.

The U.S. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) conducted a retrospective assessment of the U.

Is the Lifetime Malignancy Risk in United States Military Personnel Sustaining Combat-related Trauma Increased Because of Radiation Exposure From Diagnostic Imaging?

Background: Patients with complex polytrauma in the military and civilian settings are often exposed to substantial diagnostic medical radiation because of serial imaging studies for injury diagnosis and subsequent management. This cumulative radiation exposure may increase the risk of subsequent malignancy. This is particularly true for combat-injured servicemembers who receive care at a variety of facilities worldwide.

Association of Patient-Level and Hospital-Level Factors With Timely Fracture Care by Race.

Importance: Racial disparities in treatment benchmarks have been documented among older patients with hip fractures. However, these studies were limited to patient-level evaluations.

Objective: To assess whether disparities in meeting fracture care time-to-surgery benchmarks exist at the patient level or at the hospital or institutional level using high-quality multicenter prospectively collected data; the study hypothesis was that disparities at the hospital-level reflecting structural health systems issues would be detected.

Evolving Profile of Acute Spinal Cord Injury Demographics, Outcomes, and Surgical Treatment in North America: Analysis of a Prospective Multi-Center Dataset of 989 Patients.

Changes in demography and injury patterns have altered the profile and outcome of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) over time. This study sought to describe recent trends in epidemiology and early clinical outcomes using the multi-center North American Clinical Trial Network (NACTN) for Spinal Cord Injury Registry. All participants with blunt acute traumatic SCI ( = 782) were grouped into three five-year time intervals from 2005 to 2019 (2005-2009, 2010-2014, and 2015-2019).

Adverse childhood experiences and early adolescent cyberbullying in the United States.

Introduction: With the increasing use of social media and online platforms among adolescents, the relationship between traumatic life events and cyberbullying remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and cyberbullying victimization among a racially/ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of early adolescents.

Methods: We analyzed longitudinal data from 10,317 participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, baseline (2016-2018, ages 9-10 years) to Year 2.

Urinary and Daily Assumption of Polyphenols and Hip-Fracture Risk: Results from the InCHIANTI Study.

A high polyphenol intake has been associated with higher bone-mineral density. In contrast, we recently demonstrated that the urinary levels of these micronutrients were associated with the long-term accelerated deterioration of the bone. To expand on the health consequences of these findings, we assessed the association between urinary level and dietary intake of polyphenols and the 9-year risk of hip fractures in the InCHIANTI study cohort.

Engineering Skeletal Muscle Grafts with PAX7::GFP-Sorted Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Myogenic Progenitors on Fibrin Microfiber Bundles for Tissue Regeneration.

Tissue engineering strategies that combine human pluripotent stem cell-derived myogenic progenitors (hPDMs) with advanced biomaterials provide promising tools for engineering 3D skeletal muscle grafts to model tissue development in vitro and promote muscle regeneration in vivo. We recently demonstrated (i) the potential for obtaining large numbers of hPDMs using a combination of two small molecules without the overexpression of transgenes and (ii) the application of electrospun fibrin microfiber bundles for functional skeletal muscle restoration following volumetric muscle loss. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate that the biophysical cues provided by the fibrin microfiber bundles induce hPDMs to form engineered human skeletal muscle grafts containing multinucleated myotubes that express desmin and myosin heavy chains and that these grafts could promote regeneration following skeletal muscle injuries.

Are EPB41 and alpha-synuclein diagnostic biomarkers of sport-related concussion? Findings from the NCAA and Department of Defense CARE Consortium.

Background: Current protein biomarkers are only moderately predictive at identifying individuals with mild traumatic brain injury or concussion. Therefore, more accurate diagnostic markers are needed for sport-related concussion.

Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, case-control study of athletes who provided blood samples and were diagnosed with a concussion or were a matched non-concussed control within the National Collegiate Athletic Association-Department of Defense Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education Consortium conducted between 2015 and 2019.

Interfacility Emergency Department Transfer for Midface Fractures in the United States.

Purpose: Interfacility hospital transfer for isolated midfacial fractures is common but rarely clinically necessary. The purpose of this study was to generate nationally representative estimates regarding the incidence, risk factors, and cost of transfer for isolated midface fractures.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample 2018 to identify patients with isolated midface fractures.

Predictors of Hospice Discharge After Surgical Fixation of Hip Fractures.

Background: Each year, over 300,000 people older than 65 years are hospitalized for hip fractures. Given the notable morbidity and mortality faced by elderly patients in the postinjury period, recommendations have been put forth for integrating palliative and, when needed, hospice care to improve patients' quality of life. Our objective was to (1) understand the proportion of patients discharged to hospice after hip fracture surgery and their 30-day mortality rates and (2) identify the independent predictors of discharge to hospice.

Baltimore pediatric ocular trauma study: Health disparities and outcomes in pediatric and adolescent open globe trauma.

Purpose Children represent approximately one-third of patients with serious ocular injuries. Our study evaluates associations between race and socioeconomic status in presentation and outcomes of pediatric and adolescent traumatic open globe injuries. Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of traumatic open globe injuries in pediatric and adolescent patients presenting to Johns Hopkins Hospital and University of Maryland Medical Center between 2006 and 2020.

Adverse childhood experiences and binge-eating disorder in early adolescents.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are common and linked to negative health outcomes. Previous studies have found associations between ACEs and binge-eating disorder (BED), though they have mainly focused on adults and use cross-sectional data. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between ACEs and BED in a large, national cohort of 9-14-year-old early adolescents in the US.

Does iliosacral screw removal reduce postoperative pain in unstable pelvic fracture patients? A matched prospective cohort study.

Background: To compare pain and function in patients with unstable posterior pelvic fractures stabilized with posterior fixation who undergo iliosacral screw removal versus those who retain their iliosacral screws.

Methods: A prospective observational cohort study identified 59 patients who reported pain at least 4 months after iliosacral screw fixation of an unstable posterior pelvic ring fracture from 2015-2019. The primary intervention was iliosacral screw removal versus a matched iliosacral screw retention control group.

Association Between Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Fracture Risk.

Importance: Clinical hyperthyroidism accelerates bone resorption without compensatory bone formation, reducing bone density and increasing the risk of fracture. The association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and fracture risk is less clear.

Objective: To investigate the association of endogenous subclinical thyroid dysfunction and fracture risk, independent of clinical confounders.

Consensus Statements on Deployment-Related Respiratory Disease, Inclusive of Constrictive Bronchiolitis: A Modified Delphi Study.

Background: The diagnosis of constrictive bronchiolitis (CB) in previously deployed individuals, and evaluation of respiratory symptoms more broadly, presents considerable challenges, including using consistent histopathologic criteria and clinical assessments.

Research Question: What are the recommended diagnostic workup and associated terminology of respiratory symptoms in previously deployed individuals?

Study Design And Methods: Nineteen experts participated in a three-round modified Delphi study, ranking their level of agreement for each statement with an a priori definition of consensus. Additionally, rank-order voting on the recommended diagnostic approach and terminology was performed.

Predictors of Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury, Stroke, and Mortality in Patients with Cervical Spine Trauma.

Background: Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI), defined as blunt traumatic injury to the carotid or vertebral arteries, is associated with significant risk of stroke and mortality. Cervical spine trauma is a recognized risk factor for BCVI.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify significant predictors of BCVI and its sequelae in patients with known cervical spine injury.

Lateral Femoral Trochlea Osteochondral Flap Reconstruction of Proximal Pole Scaphoid Nonunions.

Purpose: The medial femoral trochlea flap has been described as a method of scaphoid proximal pole nonunion reconstruction when the proximal pole is deemed nonsalvageable. The lateral femoral trochlea (LFT) is an alternative donor site providing a comparable vascularized convex osteochondral flap. We describe the technique and outcomes of our first 17 cases of LFT flap reconstruction of the proximal scaphoid pole with a minimum follow-up of 14 months.

The Association of Postoperative Osteoporosis Therapy With Periprosthetic Fracture Risk in Patients Undergoing Arthroplasty for Femoral Neck Fractures.

Background: Displaced femoral neck fractures in older adults are generally treated with hip arthroplasty. One concern following hip arthroplasty is the risk for periprosthetic fractures (PPFs). Most patients who have hip fractures are candidates for antiosteoporotic therapy, but the impact of this treatment on PPFs is unknown.

Prevention of Tracheostomy-Related Pressure Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: In the critical care environment, individuals who undergo tracheostomy are highly susceptible to tracheostomy-related pressure injuries.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to reduce tracheostomy-related pressure injury in the critical care setting.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies of pediatric or adult patients in intensive care units conducted to evaluate interventions to reduce tracheostomy-related pressure injury.

Comparative effectiveness of different platelet-rich plasma for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Rotator cuff tears are one of the most common injuries of the shoulder joint in adults. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) has become the gold standard for the treatment of rotator cuff injuries, but it still has a high rate of retear. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely used as an adjunct to ARCR.