Full-thickness skin grafts from eyelids to penis, plus split-thickness grafts in chronic balanitis xerotica obliterans.

Balanitis xerotica obliterans is a progressive, sclerotic, constrictive scar-forming disease process of the penile prepuce that can involve the frenulum and urethral meatus. Full-thickness skin grafting from the upper eyelids supplemented with split-thickness skin grafting was successfully used in a patient to end a 57-year symptomatic course.

Circumferential laser vaporization for severe meatal stenosis secondary to balanitis xerotica obliterans.

Purpose: A new technique for treating meatal stenosis due to balanitis xerotica obliterans was used.

Materials And Methods: Three patients with complete urinary retention and 1 with severe obstructive symptoms due to balanitis xerotica obliterans were treated with circumferential carbon dioxide laser vaporization of the urethral meatus.

Results: All 4 patients void spontaneously at 1 to 4.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis arising from balanitis xerotica obliterans.

Penile squamous cell carcinoma arising from balanitis xerotica obliterans is rarely reported. We describe a 58-year-old man in whom penile squamous cell carcinoma developed after 25 years of observation for balanitis xerotica obliterans. It is important to recognize the possibility of this uncommon complication of balanitis xerotica obliterans, because survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma depends on early diagnosis and treatment.

The detection of human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid in intraepithelial, in situ, verrucous and invasive carcinoma of the penis.

Purpose: We study the prevalence of human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in squamous cell carcinoma and control tissue of the penis.

Materials And Methods: The technique of polymerase chain reaction DNA amplification was used to detect specific human papillomavirus DNA sequences in archival pathological and control tissues. We analyzed 42 cases of invasive squamous cell carcinoma, 13 of carcinoma in situ, 12 of penile intraepithelial neoplasia, 3 of verrucous carcinoma and 25 of balanitis xerotica obliterans, as well as 29 routine neonatal circumcision specimens and 32 adult circumcision specimens.

Detection of human papillomavirus types in balanitis xerotica obliterans and other penile conditions.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16 and 18 in foreskin biopsies from patients with balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) and other penile conditions.

Materials And Methods: Foreskin biopsy specimens from 24 patients with penile lesions and 5 control patients were analysed by type-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: HPV6 or HPV16 were not detected in patients with BXO.

Zosteriform atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini.

Astophoderma of Pasini and Pierini is generally regarded as an atrophic variant of morphoea. It arises most commonly on the trunk and abdomen. We describe a 53-year-old man who had a 12-year history of unilateral atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini affecting the left side of his trunk in a zosteriform distribution.

Lichen sclerosus.

Lichen sclerosus, usually appearing in the dermatologic literature under the names of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, balanitis xerotica obliterans, and kraurosis vulvae, is an inflammatory disease with a multifactorial origin. A past association of lichen sclerosus and genital squamous cell carcinoma is not as close as once thought. Once considered primarily a surgical problem, especially when the genitals were involved, lichen sclerosus will respond to a variety of systemic and topical therapies.

[Acquired phimosis due to lichen sclerosus et atrophicus].

From January 1986 to December 1991, 6 cases of acquired phimosis secondary to balanitis xerotica obliterans were observed. The authors report their experience in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Five patients were treated with plastic of the foreskin, one was circumcised and treated with local instillation of corticoids.

The treatment of childhood phimosis with topical steroid.

A prospective study of the efficacy of topical steroid in the treatment of childhood phimosis is reported. Boys referred to a paediatric surgical practice with pathological non-retractable foreskins were treated for at least 1 month with topical beta methasone cream. One hundred and thirty-nine patients were treated and 111 completed the study.

Composition of the inflammatory infiltrate in pediatric penile lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (balanitis xerotica obliterans): a prospective, comparative immunophenotyping study.

Dermatopathological evaluation of pediatric preputial inflammatory disease rarely allows for specific diagnosis other than pediatric penile lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (balanitis xerotica obliterans, LSA/BXO). A prospective immunopathological study was performed on 20 consecutive, unselected, clinically and histopathologically confirmed LSA/BXO cases to determine the relative presence of T and B lymphocytes. There were seven cases with early stages of disease, eight with florid disease, and five with later stages of disease.

Penile squamous cell carcinoma arising from balanitis xerotica obliterans.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from balanitis xerotica obliterans is rarely reported. We describe an 83-year-old man in whom metastatic penile squamous cell carcinoma developed after 18 years of observation for balanitis xerotica obliterans. It is important to recognize the possibility of this uncommon complication of balanitis xerotica obliterans, because survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma depends on early diagnosis and treatment.

Histopathological and immunological studies in a cohort of balanitis xerotica obliterans.

Balanitis xerotica obliterans consisting of 52 cases had been studied in the present series. This disease entity is an insidious sclerosing disease of unknown aetiology, affecting mainly the skin and mucous membrane of glans, prepuce and sometimes the fossa navicularis urethrae or even terminal urethra. Atrophic white patches on external genitalia and obstructive uropathy are two common presenting features.

Inappropriate circumcision referrals by GPs.

One hundred and twenty boys were referred by GPs over a 12-month period to a paediatric urologist for circumcision. The reasons for referral were: ballooning in 36, non-retraction in 28, balanoposthitis in 36 or a combination in 15. On examination 53% had a retractile, 21% a partially retractile and 21% a non-retractile foreskin.

Premalignant and early carcinomas of the penis and scrotum.

Premalignant penile lesions are a spectrum of diseases ranging from those that are almost always benign to neoplasms that are carcinoma in situ. Balanitis xerotica obliterans is a localized variant of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. The Buschke-Löwenstein tumor is a low-grade malignancy, whereas erythroplasia of Queyrat is a carcinoma in situ.

Squamous cell carcinoma and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of the prepuce.

Two cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the prepuce arising on balanitis xerotica obliterans are described. This event is unusual and not well known. The surgical treatment was a wide circumcision in which the prepuce and part of the shaft skin were removed, performing as well a decortication of the glans base.

Balanitis and balanoposthitis.

Balanitis is an inflammation of the glans penis. There are several etiologic agents, including bacterial and yeast infections, parasitic infestations, and trauma or irritants. Plasma-cell balanitis and balanitis xerotica obliterans are two distinct clinical entities.

Premalignant lesions and nonsquamous malignancy of the penis and carcinoma of the scrotum.

Premalignant lesions of the penis include cutaneous horn, balanitis xerotica obliterans, and leukoplakia. The true incidence of progression of each of these to squamous-cell carcinoma is unknown. Bowenoid papulosis, erythroplasia of Queyrat, and Bowen's disease are histologically identical to in situ carcinoma.

Chordee without hypospadias: experience with 33 cases.

We treated 33 patients 6 months to 19 years old with penile chordee without hypospadias from 1966 to 1990. In all cases the penile shaft was degloved, the urethra was widely mobilized and chordee was resected. The shaft skin then was closed, usually using Byars' flaps to shift some preputial skin ventrally.

In situ localization of interleukin-6 in normal skin and atrophic cutaneous disease.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that participates in the inflammatory and immune responses. In human skin, keratinocytes produces IL-6, although the in vivo role of this cytokine is unknown. In the present study we investigated the in situ localization of IL-6 in normal epidermis (n = 10) and in a group of skin diseases characterized by epidermal atrophy.

[Acquired phimosis, or preputial sclero-atrophic lichen in children].

From 1979 to 1988, 8 cases of balanitis xerotica obliterans were histologically demonstrated in children at Nantes University Hospital. In 6 of these 8 patients, whose average age at the time of consultation was 9.4 years, the phimosis was obviously acquired or recurrent, and the prepuce was sclerous, thick, and produced a tight distal phimosis.