Frequency-Domain Features and Low-Frequency Synchronization of Photoplethysmographic Waveform Variability and Heart Rate Variability with Increasing Severity of Cardiovascular Diseases.

-Heart rate variability (HRV) and photoplethysmographic waveform variability (PPGV) are available approaches for assessing the state of cardiovascular autonomic regulation. The goal of our study was to compare the frequency-domain features and low-frequency (LF) synchronization of the PPGV and HRV with increasing severity of cardiovascular diseases. -Our study included 998 electrocardiogram (ECG) and finger photoplethysmogram (PPG) recordings from subjects, classified into five categories: 53 recordings from healthy subjects, aged 28.

[4D flow MRI: value and clinical perspectives in patients with pathology of the heart and great vessels (part 2): A review].

The study of blood flow is becoming a new trend in cardiology and cardiovascular surgery. Based on the literature and our own data, a review is presented on the use of 4D flow in diseases of the heart and blood vessels. The main state of the question about the features of the application of the technique in various pathologies of the cardiovascular system is described in detail, the priorities, limitations and promising directions of the technique application are considered taking into account the goals of practical medicine.

Hydrophilization and Functionalization of Fullerene C with Maleic Acid Copolymers by Forming a Non-Covalent Complex.

In this study, we report an easy approach for the production of aqueous dispersions of C fullerene with good stability. Maleic acid copolymers, poly(styrene--maleic acid) (SM), poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone--maleic acid) (VM) and poly(ethylene--maleic acid) (EM) were used to stabilize C fullerene molecules in an aqueous environment by forming non-covalent complexes. Polymer conjugates were prepared by mixing a solution of fullerene in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) with an aqueous solution of the copolymer, followed by exhaustive dialysis against water.

Experimental and Model Study of a Swirling Fluid Flow in a Converging Channel As a Simulation of Blood Flow in the Heart and Aorta.

Study of swirling flows in channels corresponding to the static approximation of flow channels of the heart and major vessels with a longitudinal-radial profile zR = const and a concave streamlined surface at the beginning of the longitudinal coordinate has been carried out. A comparative analysis of the flow structure in channel configurations zR = const, where N = -1, 1, 2, 3, in the absence and presence of a concave surface was carried out. The numerical modeling was compared with the results of hydrodynamic experiments on the flow characteristics and the shape of the flow lines.

Right Ventricular Function in Surgical Treatment of Left Heart.

Aim    The aim of this study was to evaluate right ventricular (RV) function during left chamber surgery.Material and methods    This was a single-site prospective cohort study. The study included 197 patients with valvular pathology of heart left chambers.

Results of Aortic Coarctation Repair in Low- and Normal Birth-Weight Neonates: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Introduction: Surgical treatment of aortic coarctation in low-birth-weight (LBW) neonates is associated with risks of higher hospital mortality rates and recoarctation development in the long-term. The goal of our study was to compare the results of surgical treatment of aortic coarctation in LBW neonates and normal-weight patients, to identify predictors of recoarctation in the long-term among LBW patients.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed to analyse the patients who had undergone resection of isolated aortic coarctation between 2005 and 2022.

Treatment Strategies for Chronic Coronary Heart Disease with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction or Preserved Ejection Fraction-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Unlabelled: In this meta-analysis, we examine the advantages of invasive strategies for patients diagnosed with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD) and preserved left ventricular (LV) function, as well as those with significant LV systolic dysfunction (LV ejection fraction (EF) < 45%).

Material And Methods: We conducted a systematic search to identify all randomized trials directly comparing invasive strategies with optimal medical therapy (OMT) in patients diagnosed with chronic CHD. Data from these trials were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis.

Quantification of epicardial adipose tissue by computed tomographic scanning as a prognostic criterion of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation.

Aim    This study focused on a systematic review and meta-analysis on the predictive role of quantifying the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume using data of computed tomography (CT) in patients after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methods    We performed a search in PubMed and Google Scholar for studies that examined the predictive value of EAT volume measured by CT for AF recurrence in patients after undergoing pulmonary venous isolation. Risk ratio (RR) values from studies, where similar scoring criteria were available, were pooled for the meta-analysis.

[History of congresses of surgeons in Russia (1900-2022)].

The authors describe a history of surgical congresses in the Russian Empire, the USSR and the Russian Federation from the I Congress of Russian Surgeons held on December 28-30, 1900 in Moscow in the building of the Moscow Meeting of Doctors to the XLVIII (XIV) Congress of Surgeons of Russia held on November 25-27, 2022 in Moscow in the hotel «Cosmos». The time and place of congresses, as well as chairmen are named. The main issues are listed.

The Role of «Novel» Biomarkers of Systemic Inflammation in the Development of Early Hospital Events after Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with Aortic Stenosis.

Introduction: The pathogenesis of aortic stenosis includes the processes of chronic inflammation, calcification, lipid metabolism disorders, and congenital structural changes. The goal of our study was to determine the predictive value of novel biomarkers of systemic inflammation and some hematological indices based on the numbers of leukocytes and their subtypes in the development of early hospital medical conditions after mechanical aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis.

Materials And Methods: This was a cohort study involving 363 patients who underwent surgical intervention for aortic valve pathology between 2014 and 2020.

Advantages of Multiposition Scanning in Echocardiographic Assessment of the Severity of Discordant Aortic Stenosis.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of severity of discordant aortic stenosis (AS) assessment using multiposition scanning and the standard apical window.

Materials And Methods: All patients ( = 104) underwent preoperative transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and were ranked according to the degree of AS severity. The reproducibility feasibility of the right parasternal window (RPW) was 75.

Influence of γ-Radiation on Mechanical Stability to Cyclic Loads Tubular Elastic Matrix of the Aorta.

A significant drawback of the rigid synthetic vascular prostheses used in the clinic is the mechanical mismatch between the implant and the prosthetic vessel. When placing prostheses with radial elasticity, in which this deficiency is compensated, the integration of the graft occurs more favorably, so that signs of cell differentiation appear in the prosthesis capsule, which contributes to the restoration of vascular tone and the possibility of vasomotor reactions. Aortic prostheses fabricated by electrospinning from a blend of copolymers of vinylidene fluoride with hexafluoropropylene (VDF/HFP) had a biomechanical behavior comparable to the native aorta.

The Algorithm for Using Transit-time Flow Measurement and High-resolution Epicardial Ultrasound for Intraoperative Grafts Assessment during Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery.

Aim      To develop an algorithm for using ultrasonic flowmetry (USF) and epicardial ultrasonic scanning (EpiUSS) for intraoperative assessment of anatomic and functional viability of conduits.Material and methods  For viability assessment of 460 coronary grafts in 150 patients who were operated at the Bakulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery (2018-2021 г.), markers of graft failure were analyzed using the USF and EpiUSS data confirmed by results of graft angiography.

Transthoracic Echocardiography-Based Prediction Model of Adverse Event Risk in Patients with COVID-19.

Cardiopulmonary disorders cause a significant increase in the risk of adverse events in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the development of new diagnostic and treatment methods for comorbid disorders in COVID-19 patients is one of the main public health challenges. The aim of the study was to analyze patient survival and to develop a predictive model of survival in adults with COVID-19 infection based on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) parameters.

[Morphological assessment of pulmonary vessels in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease].

Pulmonary vascular remodeling is the key structural alteration in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (CHD). Changes in the pulmonary vessels in CHD generally occur in the inner and middle coats. This review considers the pathology of these changes and highlights some issues of a stereological approach to the morphometry of pulmonary vasculature.

Local Use of Hydrogel with Amiodarone in Cardiac Surgery: Experiment and Translation to the Clinic.

The objective of this study was to study the use of the hydrogel biopolymer based on sodium alginate ("Colegel") with a drug substance-amiodarone-for the prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in cardiac surgery. The experimental part of the study was performed on 46 rabbits. Five groups were formed: in the first group, the dose of amiodarone in hydrogel was 1 mg; in the second group-3 mg; in the third group-6 mg; in the fourth group, hydrogel was used without amiodarone; in the fifth group, 60 mg amiodarone was administered intravenously.

[Soluble ST2 - as a biomarker, a tool for risk stratification and therapeutic target in patients with chronic heart failure].

This review focuses on possibilities of using soluble ST2 as a HF marker for diagnostics, stratification of risk of adverse events, and for evaluation of prognosis and treatment effectiveness in patients with CHF. Circulating biomarkers are an essential element of algorithms for diagnostics, stratification of risk, and evaluation of prognosis in patients with HF. The recognized "gold standard", natriuretic peptides, has several well-known limitations, and multiple new candidate biomarkers have appeared in recent years.

Management of Coronary Disease in Patients with Advanced Kidney Disease.

Background: Clinical trials that have assessed the effect of revascularization in patients with stable coronary disease have routinely excluded those with advanced chronic kidney disease.

Methods: We randomly assigned 777 patients with advanced kidney disease and moderate or severe ischemia on stress testing to be treated with an initial invasive strategy consisting of coronary angiography and revascularization (if appropriate) added to medical therapy or an initial conservative strategy consisting of medical therapy alone and angiography reserved for those in whom medical therapy had failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction.

Low-frequency variability in photoplethysmographic waveform and heart rate during on-pump cardiac surgery with or without cardioplegia.

We studied the properties of low-frequency (LF) heart rate variability (HRV) and photoplethysmographic waveform variability (PPGV) and their interaction under conditions where the hemodynamic connection between them is obviously absent, as well as the LF regulation of PPGV in the absence of heart function. The parameters of HRV and finger PPGV were evaluated in 10 patients during cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump cardiac surgery) with or without cardioplegia. The following spectral indices of PPGV and HRV were ertimated: the total spectral power (TP), the high-frequency (HF) and the LF ranges of TP in percents (HF% and LF%), and the LF/HF ratio.

Long-term results of isolated transmyocardial laser revascularization in combination with the intramyocardial autologous bone marrow stem cells injection.

To evaluate the long-term results of TMLR using a CO laser in combination with intramyocardial injection of ABMSC as an isolated procedure in patients with the end-stage coronary artery disease, the study included 20 patients (90% male), with a mean age of 58.4 ± 8.7 years.

Effect of epicardial application of amiodarone-releasing hydrogel on heart rate in an animal model.

Background: The purpose of the experiment was to study the safety of local epicardial use of the hydrogel with amiodarone, as well as the influence of its different dosages on the heart rate of mongrel rabbits.

Methods: The epicardial application of the hydrogel material with amiodarone was performed in 46 rabbits. Rabbits were divided into 5 groups: Group No.

Epicardial Application of Hydrogel with Amiodarone for Prevention of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of local epicardial application of amiodarone-releasing hydrogel for prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting. Patients were randomized into two groups: with the application of amiodarone-releasing hydrogel and the control group. It included 60 patients (47 males, 13 females) (mean age of 62 ± 8.

Prometheus therapy for the treatment of acute liver failure in patients after cardiac surgery.

Introduction: Acute liver failure usually develops in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and significantly increases the mortality risk in patients after cardiac surgery.

Aim: To assess the safety and efficacy of extracorporeal liver support in patients with acute liver failure after cardiac surgery.

Material And Methods: We studied 39 adult patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and acute liver failure as postoperative complication, treated with Prometheus therapy.