The role of an open artificial intelligence platform in modern neurosurgical education: a preliminary study.

The use of artificial intelligence in neurosurgical education has been growing in recent times. ChatGPT, a free and easily accessible language model, has been gaining popularity as an alternative education method. It is necessary to explore the potential of this program in neurosurgery education and to evaluate its reliability.

Factors associated with the recurrence of lumbar disk herniation: non-biomechanical-radiological and intraoperative factors.

Background: Recurrent lumbar disk herniation (RLDH) is one of the most undesirable complications following lumbar discectomy (LD). This study aimed to prospectively investigate the non-biomechanical-radiological and intraoperative factors affecting the recurrence after discectomy.

Patients And Methods: Data of 988 consecutive patients with Lumbar disk herniation (LDH) who underwent LD at our department for over 2 years (2014-2015) were prospectively collected.

Management of myxopapillary ependymoma: a retrospective study from three institutions.

Background: Myxopapillary ependymomas (MPEs) possess leptomeningeal, neural axis dissemination, seeding metastases, and extra-neural spread which are malignant characteristics, even they classified low-grade lesions as WHO grade II. Managing such lesions remains an arguable neurosurgical challenge. The study aimed to discuss the management of MPEs by evaluating the long-term surgical outcomes of consecutively treated MPEs in different 3 neurosurgical centers.

Efficacy of Spinous Process Splitting Decompression Compared with Conventional Laminectomy for Degenerative Lumbar Stenosis.

Background: Spinous process splitting decompression (SPSD) is a minimally invasive surgical technique. We evaluated the clinical and radiological outcomes of SPSD compared with conventional laminectomy for the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.

Methods: SPSD was performed in 144 patients (group 1) and conventional laminectomy was performed in 132 patients (group 2) for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.

Factors associated with the recurrence of lumbar disk herniation: biomechanical-radiological and demographic factors.

Many risk factors associated with recurrent lumbar disk herniation (RLDH) following lumbar discectomy (LD) have been reported. This study aimed to elucidate the biomechanicalradiological, clinical, and demographic factors that affect symptomatic RLDH prospectively.We collected prospective data of 988 consecutive patients with LDH who underwent LD at our department from January 2014 to December 2015.

The factors affecting the outcomes of conservative and surgical treatment of chiari i adult patients: a comparative retrospective study.

Background: The prognosis of the Chiari malformation type 1 (CM1) demonstrates a variant spectrum that varies from full recovery to complicated worse neurological disability.

Objective: To investigate the factors affecting the outcomes of conservative and surgical treatment for CM1 by evaluating adult patients consecutively managed at our institutions.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with CM1 at two reference neurosurgical centers for eight years (2010-2017).

Surgical Outcome of Spinal Subdural Abscesses: A Report of Four Consecutive Patients and Brief Review of the Literature.

Background And Study Aims:  Spinal subdural abscesses (SSAs) are rare and have a poor prognosis, especially when they are diagnosed late. In the literature, most cases of SSAs have been reported as case reports and small case series. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of four consecutive SSA patients.

Long-term surgical outcome of Chiari type-I malformation-related syringomyelia: an experience of tertiary referral hospital.

Objective: Syringomyelia is a common condition seen in patients with Chiari type-I malformation (CM1). The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of posterior fossa decompression with duraplasty (PFDD) with coagulation of tonsillar ectopia in consecutive surgically treated adult patients with CM1-related syringomyelia (CRS).

Methods: Over 9 years' duration (1993-2001), medical charts of diagnosed patient with CM1 at our neurosurgical center were reviewed retrospectively.

The historical evolution of the fornix and its terminology: a review.

The historical evolution of the fornix has not been sufficiently reviewed in the literature. In this article, we follow this evolution from the first mention of the fornix in animal dissections of the second century AD, to the legalization of cadaver dissection in the 1300 s, to the introduction of neural staining techniques and the microscope in the seventeenth century, to today. We summarize the focus of fornix studies on memory to reveal its relationship with the hippocampus.

Cervical Oblique Corpectomy: Revitalizing the Underused Surgical Approach With Step-By-Step Simulation in Cadavers.

Recently, the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies Spine committee recommended that additional research on cost-benefit analysis of various surgical approaches for cervical spondylotic myelopathy be carried out and their efficacy with long-term outcomes be compared. Unfortunately, it is highly probable that the oblique corpectomy (OC) will not be included in cost-benefit investigations due to its infrequent application by neurosurgeons dealing with the spine. In this cadaveric study, head and necks of 5 adult human cadavers stained with colored latex and preserved in 70% alcohol solution were dissected under a table-mounted surgical microscope using 3× to 40× magnifications.

Secondary Parkinsonism in a Patient With a Cerebral Cavernous Hemangioma Treated With Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

Secondary parkinsonism is defined with some symptoms similar to idiopathic Parkinson's disease, but with different etiologies. And cerebral cavernous hemangioma is one of the rare cases. A 51-year-old, male patient was consulted with tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia on the right upper extremity.

Matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: Possible markers and treatment agents.

Background And Purpose: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are synthesized by many cell groups and responsible for the destruction of matrix proteins, and endogen tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) have a role in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) by affecting the blood-brain barrier. We aimed to investigate the role of MMPs and TIMPs in the immunopathogenesis and in the course of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: We enrolled 25 relapsing remitting MS patients, who had a definite MS diagnosis according to McDonald criteria and 25 healthy subjects similar for age and gender as control group.

The Complex Structure of the Anterior White Commissure of the Human Brain: Fiber Dissection and Tractography Study.

Objective: Commissural fibers are necessary for bilateral integration, body coordination, and complex cognitive information flow between the hemispheres. The anterior commissure (AC) has a complex architecture interconnecting areas of the frontal, temporal and occipital lobes. The present study aims to demonstrate the connections and the course of the anterior (ACa) and posterior (ACp) limb of the AC using fiber dissection and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the human brain.

Clinical and radiological evaluation of treated Chiari I adult patients: retrospective study from two neurosurgical centers.

Chiari malformation type I (CM1) is a common neurosurgical disorder. It often causes debilitation in the affected patients. CM1 is a herniation of the caudal cerebellum into the spinal canal.

Radiologic-Histopathologic Correlation of Adult Spinal Tumors: A Retrospective Study.

Aim: Preoperatively performed magnetic resonance images (MRIs) are essential before treating spinal tumors surgically. This study aims to investigate the compatibility of MRI preliminary diagnosis and proven histopathologic diagnosis of consecutively operated 96 spinal tumors.

Material And Methods: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for all spinal tumors operated at our institute during a period of 6 years.

Effects of Tartrazine on Neural Tube Development in the Early Stage of Chicken Embryos.

Aim: To investigate the effects of tartrazine exposure on neural tube development, in early stage chicken embryos.

Material And Methods: A total of 120 fertilized specific pathogen-free chicken eggs were divided into 4 equal groups (groups 1?4). After 30 hours of incubation, the eggs, except for the Group 1 (control group), were opened under 4X optical magnification.

Long-Term Surgical Resection Outcomes of Pediatric Myxopapillary Ependymoma: Experience of Two Centers and Brief Literature Review.

Background: Myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE) is a rarely reported lesion of the spinal cord in the pediatric population. Based on their low mitotic index and slow-growth, MPEs are classified as low-grade glial tumors. However, MPEs have malignant characteristics, such as distant neural axis and extraneural axis dissemination.

Effects of Erythrosine on Neural Tube Development in Early Chicken Embryos.

Objective: Erythrosine (E127), a synthetic food dye containing iodine and sodium, has often been used inside packaged foods and beverages in Turkey and many other countries. We evaluated the effects of erythrosine on neural tube development in early-stage chicken embryos.

Methods: The study included 4 groups, with a total of 80 embryos: a control group, a normal saline group, a half-dose group, and a high-dose group.

Surgical technique for the protection of the cervical sympathetic trunk in anterolateral oblique corpectomy: A new cadaveric demonstration.

The cervical oblique corpectomy (OC) approach has the advantages of no grafting or instrumentation necessities and theoretically maintains natural neck motions. However, the risk of cervical sympathetic trunk (CST) injury and Horner's syndrome is one of the main difficulties of this demanding surgical approach. The upper necks of 3 adult human cadavers (6 sides) were dissected under a Zeiss surgical microscope.

Pediatric Spinal Ependymomas.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and radiological outcomes of surgical treatment for primary spinal ependymoma in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Medical records of 46 primary spinal ependymoma patients who underwent surgery in BRSHH hospital during a 12-year period from 2004 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. All pediatric patients (patient age <18 years) were selected as the core sample used for this study.

A Rare Case of "Human Tail" Associated with Lipomyelomeningocele and Tethered Cord.

Human tail might be the most interesting cutaneous sign of neural tube defects. From little cutaneous appendixes to 20-cm-long taillike lesions were reported in the literature. They may occur connected to an underlying pathology such as lipoma or teratoma, but most of the time, they conceal an underlying spinal dysraphism.

Surgical Pitfalls in Carotid Endarterectomy: A New Step-By-Step Approach.

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a surgical intervention that may prevent stroke in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Our aim was to examine the microsurgical anatomy of carotid artery and other related neurovascular structures to summarize the CEA that is currently applied in ideal conditions. The upper necks of 2 adult cadavers (4 sides) were dissected using ×3 to ×40 magnification.