Comparison of two methods of greater occipital nerve block in patients with chronic migraine: ultrasound-guided and landmark-based techniques.

Background: Migraine is a primary headache defined as moderate-to-severe pain lasting 4 to 72 h, ranking 2nd among the disabling conditions for both genders regardless of the age and the greater occipital nerve (GON) block has been reported as an efficient treatment method for migraine. The present study aims to evaluate and compare the efficiency of the two methods of GON block, i.e.

International Alliance of Urolithiasis (IAU) guidelines on the management of pediatric urolithiasis.

The aim of this study was to construct the sixth in a series of guidelines on the treatment of urolithiasis by the International Alliance of Urolithiasis (IAU) that by providing a clinical framework for the management of pediatric patients with urolithiasis based on the best available published literature. All recommendations were summarized following a systematic review and assessment of literature in the PubMed database from January 1952 to December 2023. Each generated recommendation was graded using a modified GRADE methodology.

Effect of passive smoking on birth weight in pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency living in Turkey: A case control study.

Aim: Although vitamin D deficiency in smokers has a greater risk of low birth weight than vitamin D deficiency or smoking alone, there is no study searching birth weight in vitamin D deficient passive smokers. We evaluated the effect of vitamin D deficiency on birth weight in active and passive smokers. Additionally, we aimed to determine the predictive role of vitamin D for low birth weight in smokers.

The role of biomarkers in predicting perforated cholecystitis cases: Can the c-reactive protein albumin ratio be a guide?

Background: Gallbladder perforation (GBP) is a rare but life-threatening complication of acute cholecystitis. Despite advancements in imaging technology and biochemical analysis, perforations are still diagnosed intraoperatively in some cases. This situation has revealed the need for new markers in the diagnosis of perforation.

Can the efficacy of a medical treatment be predicted based on the type of idiopathic premature ventricular contraction?

Background: Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are common arrhythmias with diverse clinical implications. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of medical treatments using various clinical, imaging, and electrocardiographic parameters in patients with idiopathic PVCs.

Methods: A total of 1051 patients with idiopathic PVCs were retrospectively analyzed.

Epilepsy knowledge scale for parents (EKS-P): Development and psychometric evaluation in Turkish sample.

Background: Epilepsy is the most prevalent chronic neurological condition in childhood, affecting approximately 0.5%-1% of children worldwide.

Objective: This study aimed to (1) develop an "Epilepsy Knowledge Scale for Parents", (2) evaluate the content validity of the scale, and (3) assess its psychometric properties.

Still Using Only ChatGPT? The Comparison of Five Different Artificial Intelligence Chatbots' Answers to the Most Common Questions About Kidney Stones.

To evaluate and compare the quality and comprehensibility of answers produced by five distinct artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots-GPT-4, Claude, Mistral, Google PaLM, and Grok-in response to the most frequently searched questions about kidney stones (KS). Google Trends facilitated the identification of pertinent terms related to KS. Each AI chatbot was provided with a unique sequence of 25 commonly searched phrases as input.

Saline cleansing can prevent infective complications after transrectal prostate biopsy: A randomized prospective study.

Purpose: To discern whether reduced infection rates were attributed to antiseptic solutions or mechanical rectal irrigation.

Patients And Methods: After receiving ethical approval, the study included patients who underwent transrectal prostate biopsy due to elevated PSA or abnormal digital rectal examination findings, and prostate cancer under active surveillance, at Tepecik Training and Research Hospital between April 2022 and June 2023. Standard antibiotic prophylaxis was administered.

Effects of BRCA variation on prognosis in patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer.

Background: To compare the clinicopathological characteristics of nonmetastatic breast cancer patients with and without BRCA variations and to investigate the impact of BRCA variations on prognosis.

Methods: This retrospective single-center study involved an analysis of 938 patients with localized or locally advanced breast cancer who underwent BRCA variation testing. The patients were divided into three groups: 757 were without BRCA variation, 64 were with BRCA1 variation, and 117 were with BRCA2 variation.

The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Frontal QRS-T Angle in Pregnant Women Undergoing Cesarean Section with Spinal Anesthesia.

: The frontal QRS-T angle is a novel parameter of myocardial repolarization. Weight gain during pregnancy and physiological changes during a cesarian section may affect the frontal QRS-T angle. We aimed to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the frontal QRS-T angle in pregnant women undergoing cesarean section with spinal anesthesia.

Investigation of the Protective Effects of Magnesium on Bupivacaine-Induced Toxicity at the Level of Colon Cell Culture.

The primary objective of this in vitro study was to prevent the risk of toxicity associated with bupivacaine, widely used in clinical practice, by using magnesium (Mg), a readily available and cost-effective element, as an adjuvant. We hypothesized that Mg might exhibit a protective effect against cytotoxicity in a colon cell culture model under conditions of bupivacaine-induced LAST. Our secondary aim was to investigate its effect on genotoxicity, apoptosis, and iROS.

Docetaxel-induced severe neuropathy, a case of breast cancer with GTSP1 polymorphism.

Introduction: Breast cancer, the most prevalent cancer among women, often requires chemotherapy with docetaxel being a key agent. However, docetaxel-inducted peripheral neuropathy (DIPN) can adversely impact patients' quality of life. This case discusses an unusual instance of severe DIPN leading to wheelchair dependence in a 35-years old woman undergoing neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced breast cancer.

Comparison of the BIG Score and Pediatric Trauma Score for Predicting Mortality.

Objectives: The BIG score (base deficit + [2.5 × international normalized ratio] + [15 - Glasgow Coma Score]) was compared with the Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS) for predicting mortality in pediatric patients with multiple trauma.

Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included 318 consecutive pediatric patients (aged 1-18 years) with multiple trauma who were admitted to the emergency department between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2023.

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Portal Vein Diameter and Colorectal Liver Metastases on Computed Tomography.

Background/aim: The most common and often first metastatic site of colorectal cancer (CRC) is the liver, and radiological modalities have a critical role in the diagnosis of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). In this study, the possible relationship between portal vein diameter, number of metastases, and metastasis diameter was evaluated in CRLM patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) examination with intravenous contrast (IV).

Patients And Methods: Cases diagnosed with CRLM who underwent abdominal CT examination with IV contrast between December 2020 and January 2024 were retrospectively scanned.

Evaluation and follow-up of patients diagnosed with hypophysitis: a cohort study.

Objective: Primary hypophysitis might be challenging to diagnose, and there is a lack of evidence regarding optimal treatment strategies due to rarity of the disease. We aim to investigate the clinical features and compare the outcomes of different management strategies of primary hypophysitis in a large group of patients recruited on a nationwide basis.

Design: A retrospective observational study.

Trocar-site Herniation after Laparoscopic Myomectomy via Culdotomy Extraction.

Trocar-site hernia is a rare and life-threatening complication of laparoscopic abdominal surgery; 5-mm trocar-site bowel herniation is rarer than ≥ 10-mm trocar-site herniation. We present a 41-year-old female patient on the postoperative 6 day with laparoscopic myomectomy admitted to our emergency department with severe vomiting and nausea. At the end of the evaluations, she was diagnosed with 5-mm trocar-site small bowel herniation.

An analytic cross-sectional study of Somali women on the sexual and psychosocial status during pregnancy.

Background: Pregnancy is associated with physical, psychological, hormonal, and social alterations that may lead to detrimental effects on sexual function and psychological well-being. This study sought to examine sexual function and psychosocial well-being of pregnant women in Somalia in comparison with their non-pregnant counterparts.

Methods: We enrolled 487 consecutive women in monogamous marriages.

Base excess is superior to creatinine in predicting haemodialysis: A multicenter study conducted Kahramanmaraş earthquake victims.

Purpose: This study had two main goals: to determine which rhabdomyolysis patients need haemodialysis; and to highlight the significance of blood gas parameters, particularly base excess, as predictors of the need for haemodialysis.

Method: A total of 270 patients were included in this multicentre, retrospective study. Among the patients who were transferred in from the earthquake region and developed rhabdomyolysis, those with creatine kinase (CK) values >1000 U/L were included in our study.