Effectiveness of spaced repetition for clinical problem solving amongst undergraduate medical students studying paediatrics in Pakistan.

Background: Studies using spaced repetition for teaching and learning in undergraduate clinical rotations such as paediatrics are limited, even more so in the South Asian region. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the effectiveness of utilizing spaced repetition compared to traditional learning methods among undergraduate medical students during their paediatric rotation at a medical university in Pakistan.

Methods: Bahria University Medical and Dental College (BUMDC) conducted quasii-experimental research in Karachi.

Analysis of satisfaction levels and perceptions of clinical competency: a mixed method study on objective structured clinical examinations in undergraduate dental students.

Objective: To analyze the satisfaction levels, perceptions of developing clinical competencies through objective structured clinical examination and to explore the experiences, challenges, and suggestions of undergraduate dental students.

Methods: The study adopted a mixed-method convergent design. Quantitative data were collected from 303 participants through surveys, evaluating satisfaction levels with objective structured clinical examination (OSCE).

Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban Versus Enoxaparin in Prevention of Recurrence of Venous Thrombo-Embolism Events in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of rivaroxaban compared to enoxaparin in patients diagnosed with cancer and venous thromboembolism.

Methods: A search of Pub Med, Scopus, and Google Scholar, from inception through April 2023 was conducted. Articles comparing rivaroxaban with enoxaparin in patients with cancer and VTE/PE/DVT were included.

Validation of the english version of the Multidimensional Mentalizing Questionnaire (MMQ).

Background: Mentalizing refers to the ability to understand one's own and others' mental states. Mentalizing is considered a key component of social cognition and healthy personality development. A multinational assessment tools able to appraise the multidimensional and multifaceted aspects of this complex construct are needed.

Association of catechol-o-methyltransferase gene polymorphism with preeclampsia and biomarkers of oxidative stress: Study protocol for a prospective case-control study in Pakistan.

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the three leading causes of worldwide maternal mortality. Oxidative stress-mediated endothelial damage is expected to be an ultimate common mechanism in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. The role of bioamines is also well-established in the induction of preeclampsia.

Analysis of attitudes and practices toward gastroesophageal reflux disease among the general population of Pakistan.

Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a growing health concern. In this cross-sectional study, participants' knowledge, attitude and practice toward GERD were assessed using a questionnaire. In our study of 411 participants, 92.

Breaking new ground: can artificial intelligence and machine learning transform papillary glioneuronal tumor diagnosis?

Papillary glioneuronal tumors (PGNTs), classified as Grade I by the WHO in 2016, present diagnostic challenges due to their rarity and potential for malignancy. Xiaodan Du et al.'s recent study of 36 confirmed PGNT cases provides critical insights into their imaging characteristics, revealing frequent presentation with headaches, seizures, and mass effect symptoms, predominantly located in the supratentorial region near the lateral ventricles.

NADH Intraperitoneal Injection Prevents Lung Inflammation in a BALB/C Mice Model of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Cigarette smoke is one of the main factors in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a respiratory syndrome marked by persistent respiratory symptoms and increasing airway obstruction. Perturbed NAD+/NADH levels may play a role in various diseases, including lung disorders like COPD. In our study, we investigated the preventive effect of NADH supplementation in an experimental model of COPD induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE).

Correlation of tumor-associated macrophage density and proportion of M2 subtypes with the pathological stage of colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent global malignancy with complex prognostic factors. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have shown paradoxical associations with CRC survival, particularly concerning the M2 subset.

Aim: We aimed to establish a simplified protocol for quantifying M2-like TAMs and explore their correlation with clinicopathological factors.

Implications of corporate social responsibility on the financial and non-financial performance of the banking sector: A moderated and mediated mechanism.

This study aims to investigate the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on both financial and non-financial performance in the Pakistani banking sector by applying a quantitative research approach to the primary data from 405 branch managers in the Pakistani banking sector. Both financial and non-financial performance indicators are analyzed in relation to CSR practices. The CB-SEM findings of this study reveal a significant and positive correlation between CSR and both financial and non-financial performance.

Determining the psychometric properties of a written test to assess safe dental practice.

Introduction: Safe practice in medicine and dentistry has been a global priority area in which large knowledge gaps are present.Patient safety strategies aim at preventing unintended damage to patients that can be caused by healthcare practitioners. One of the components of patient safety is safe clinical practice.

Evaluating empathy level amongst the dental students using jefferson scale of physician empathy- health professional students.

Background: Empathy is described as one's ability to perceive and apprehend another person's feelings, situation, emotions, and problems as their own. Empathetic behavior increases patients' satisfaction, reduces discomfort, and helps with patient's satisfaction.

Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Jefferson Empathy Scale and compare the measure of invariance within genders and amongst the public and private sector dental students.

Quantifying effects of blood pressure control on neuroimaging utilization in a large multi-institutional healthcare population.

Objectives: Essential hypertension is a common chronic condition that can exacerbate or complicate various neurological diseases that may necessitate neuroimaging. Given growing medical imaging costs and the need to understand relationships between population blood pressure control and neuroimaging utilization, we seek to quantify the relationship between maximum blood pressure recorded in a given year and same-year utilization of neuroimaging CT or MR in a large healthcare population.

Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study was performed by extracting aggregate data from a multi-institutional dataset of patient encounters from 2016, 2018, and 2020 using an informatics platform (Cosmos) consisting of de-duplicated data from over 140 academic and non-academic health systems, comprising over 137 million unique patients.

Healthcare insurance fraud detection using data mining.

Background: Healthcare programs and insurance initiatives play a crucial role in ensuring that people have access to medical care. There are many benefits of healthcare insurance programs but fraud in healthcare continues to be a significant challenge in the insurance industry. Healthcare insurance fraud detection faces challenges from evolving and sophisticated fraud schemes that adapt to detection methods.

Capacity for the management of kidney failure in the International Society of Nephrology South Asia region: report from the 2023 ISN Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA).

The South Asia region is facing a high burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with limited health resources and low expenditure on health care. In addition to the burden of CKD and kidney failure from traditional risk factors, CKD of unknown etiologies from India and Sri Lanka compounds the challenges of optimal management of CKD in the region. From the third edition of the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA), we present the status of CKD burden, infrastructure, funding, resources, and health care personnel using the World Health Organization's building blocks for health systems in the ISN South Asia region.

Identifying Medical Students in Difficulty Using Integration of Programmatic Assessment and Real-Time Evaluation Framework.

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Attitude towards mental help-seeking, motivation, and economic resources in connection with positive, negative, and general psychopathological symptoms of schizophrenia: a pilot study of a psychoeducation program.

Introduction: Schizophrenia is typically treated with medication as the first approach, but additional strategies are necessary to enhance the effectiveness of this treatment for better outcomes. However, it is crucial to explore methods, alongside medication, that promote a positive attitude towards seeking mental health support and alleviate symptom severity among non-institutionalized individuals of different age groups in Pakistan. Thus, this pilot study aimed to utilize a psychoeducation program to enhance patients' motivation and attitudes toward seeking treatment, decrease symptom severity, and investigate the role of financial factors in their illness journey.

Enhancing Oral Hygiene in Children With Hearing Impairment: The Impact of Skit Video Interventions -A Randomized Controlled Trial.

. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of 3 interventions-skit video, pictorial, and sign language-in improving the oral hygiene of children with hearing impairment. .