Comparison of Hearing Outcomes in Tympanoplasty With and Without Ossiculoplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives To examine the ability of the Middle Ear Risk Index (MERI) score components in order to predict postoperative air-bone gap (ABG) and success rate in patients who underwent tympanoplasty. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted at King Hamad University Hospital between May 2017 and February 2021. A total of 79 patients were divided into two groups: 42 patients (53.

Pectoralis Major Rupture: A Case Report of a 34-Year-Old Rugby Player.

Pectoralis major injuries are not commonly seen; this type of injury occurs mainly due to weightlifting and bench pressing. The majority of cases occur in men between the ages of 20 to 40 years. We present a case of a previously healthy 34-year-old male who presented to the emergency department after sustaining an injury to the left shoulder and loin while playing rugby.

A Rare Case of a Compressive Intracranial Epidermoid Cyst in a 13-Year-Old Patient.

Pediatric intracranial epidermoid tumors are rare, slow-growing benign cystic lesions primarily originating from the ectodermal cell line during human embryogenesis. Intraparenchymal epidermoid tumors typically present with headaches, seizures, and focal neurological deficits. Although CT of the brain may show non-specific findings, MRI studies are more reliable and have a high confidence value in diagnosing intracranial epidermoid cystic lesions.

Post-Cataract Surgery Fungal Endophthalmitis: 6-Year Experience in Management and Outcomes at a Tertiary Eye Care Center.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the functional and anatomical outcomes of post-cataract surgery fungal endophthalmitis at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical data from a single institution was performed. This study included 29 patients with post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis with suspected or confirmed fungal etiology who presented between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2022.

Early Recognition and Management of Ocular Manifestations of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a severe, often drug-induced mucocutaneous reaction characterized by widespread epidermal necrosis and detachment. Ocular involvement is common and can lead to significant morbidity if not addressed promptly. This case report presents a 10-year-old female with fever, rash, and severe ocular symptoms.

Awareness of Interventional Radiology Among Medical Students.

Background: Interventional radiology (IR) plays a crucial role in modern medicine, offering minimally invasive treatments for various conditions. Despite its growing significance, the awareness and understanding of IR among medical students are often limited.

Objective: This research aims to evaluate the level of awareness of IR among medical students at the University of Gezira in Sudan Methodology: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved 174 medical students from batches 39 and 40.

Prevalence and Awareness of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Among Full-Contact, Semi-contact, and Non-contact Sports Athletes in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Background The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a crucial connective tissue that links the femur to the tibia, playing a vital role in stabilizing the knee by resisting forward and rotational movements. ACL tears can occur due to both contact and non-contact sports injuries. Diagnosis and assessment typically involve the Lachman test and magnetic resonance imaging.

A Narrative Review of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Response in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Background: The Kingdom of Bahrain has reported more than 696,000 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 1548 associated deaths as of December 26, 2022.

Objectives: To better inform responses to future public health threats, this narrative review documents the challenges and responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Methods: A PubMed search was conducted focusing on severe acute respiratory syndrome or COVID-19 in Bahrain.

Positive Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibodies in Isolated Optic Neuritis in a 14-Year-Old Child.

Optic neuritis (ON) is a rare condition in the pediatric age group. Patients with optic neuritis can manifest with a wide range of drops in vision, ranging from mild loss to complete loss of vision. Knowing the cause of optic neuritis is an important point that will affect management and prognosis.

Nasopharyngeal Chordoma: A Case Report.

Chordoma is a rare malignant neoplasm arising from remnants of primitive notochord. The most common location for chordoma is in the sacrum. This case presents a 10-year-old medically free male who came to the ENT clinic with the impression of adenoid hypertrophy.

Heterotopic Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: A Case Report.

Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare condition with an intrauterine pregnancy coexisting with extrauterine pregnancy. It is considered a rare condition, with an incidence of one in 30,000 spontaneous pregnancies. Because of its rarity, there are no international management guidelines.

Pregnancy With a Bicornuate Uterus Complicated by Placenta Percreta and Intraperitoneal Hemorrhage.

Uterine malformations significantly affect the reproduction process, and such anomalies can affect the progression and prognosis of a pregnancy. A bicornuate uterus is a rare congenital uterine anomaly that occurs due to a defect in the fusion of Müllerian ducts. It is associated with severe maternal and fetal complications, such as uterine rupture, vascular-related pathologies, preterm labor and birth, recurrent early or late loss of pregnancy, and fetal growth restriction.

Retinal complications post posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation at a tertiary eye hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: Phakic intraocular lenses treat higher degrees of myopia not possible previously with conventional refractive surgery. The aim of this study is to report the incidence and risk factors of retinal complications after posterior chamber PIOL implantation and assess the differences in biometric parameters between patients who developed such complications versus those who did not.

Methods: This retrospective study recruited 514 patients who underwent ICL implantation to correct myopia at a tertiary eye hospital center in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients: A Single-Center Experience.

Objective This study aimed to examine the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of patients aged ≤45 years with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Methods From January 2018 to March 2020, this retrospective observational study took place at a tertiary cardiac center in Bahrain. We included patients aged ≤45 years who were admitted with STEMI and had primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).

Prognostic accuracy of qSOFA score, SIRS criteria, and EWSs for in-hospital mortality among adult patients presenting with suspected infection to the emergency department (PASSEM) Multicenter prospective external validation cohort study protocol.

Background: Early identification of a patient with infection who may develop sepsis is of utmost importance. Unfortunately, this remains elusive because no single clinical measure or test can reflect complex pathophysiological changes in patients with sepsis. However, multiple clinical and laboratory parameters indicate impending sepsis and organ dysfunction.

Switch to oral antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteraemia: a randomized, open-label, clinical trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of switching from intravenous (IV) to oral antimicrobial therapy in patients with Enterobacterales bacteraemia, after completion of 3-5 days of microbiologically active IV therapy.

Methods: A multicentre, open-label, randomized trial of adults with monomicrobial Enterobacterales bacteraemia caused by a strain susceptible to ≥1 oral beta-lactam, quinolone, or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Inclusion criteria included completion of 3-5 days of microbiologically active IV therapy, being afebrile and haemodynamically stable for ≥48 hours, and absence of an uncontrolled source of infection.

A Complex Case of Idiopathic Purulent Pericarditis in an Immunocompetent Adult.

Acute purulent pericarditis is a fatal complication of bacterial pericarditis. Purulent pericarditis usually arises secondary to an infection that spreads directly or hematogenously. The mortality rate reaches 100% in untreated purulent pericarditis.

Postoperative Aspergillus Endophthalmitis With Iris Granuloma: A Case Report.

This report describes a rare case of a fungal iris granulomatous lesion in a 67-year-old female who underwent cataract surgery in the left eye and, one month later, developed culture-positive postoperative endophthalmitis. On initial presentation in the emergency room, slit-lamp examination of the left eye revealed subconjunctival hemorrhage, 360-degree subconjunctival hemorrhage, mild corneal edema with Descemet's folds, a deep anterior chamber with a fibrinous reaction causing pupillary membrane formation, and an in situ intraocular lens with no view of the fundus. A bright-scan (B-scan) ultrasound revealed mild vitreous opacities with a vitreal membrane, shallow choroidal detachment, and no significant retinal and choroid layer thickening.

Lip Biting Scar and its Treatment - A Rare Case Report.

Oral habits are an acquired mode of behavior that has become nearly or completely involuntary. Oral habits such as thumb sucking, lip sucking, tongue thrusting, lip biting, nail biting, object biting, and bruxism have serious health consequences. Several etiological factors have been linked to the development of oral habits.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease among Adults in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Environmental and epidemiological factors increase the risk of dry eye in Saudi Arabia, but most studies have limited generalizability.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) among adults across Saudi Arabia and the associated risk factors. The secondary objective was to estimate the economic burden of DED by calculating lubricant usage and its annual costs.

Long term detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater in Bahrain.

Wastewater-based epidemiology is a corroborated environmental surveillance tool in the global fight against SARS-CoV-2. The analysis of wastewater for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA may assist policymakers to survey a specific infectious community. Herein, we report on a long-term quantification study in Bahrain to investigate the incidence of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Preoperative universal screening of coronavirus disease 2019 during Omicron outbreak in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgeries: Experience from a tertiary eye care center in Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the frequency of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during Omicron outbreak among patients scheduled for elective and emergency ophthalmic surgeries in a tertiary eye care center in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This observational retrospective study was performed between December 1, 2021, and February 28, 2022, in a single tertiary eye care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All patients who were given appointments for elective or emergency surgeries were included.

Usefulness of indocyanine green angiography in the intraoperative evaluation of recipient vessels for microsurgical lower extremity reconstruction in ischemic vasculopathy: Report of three cases.

Choosing reliable recipient vessels is crucial for successful free flap reconstruction of lower extremity defects, especially in patients with ischemic vasculopathy. This report describes our experience with the intraoperative use of indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) for selecting recipient vessels in lower extremity free flap reconstruction cases. Three patients with lower extremity defects and ischemic vasculopathy underwent free flap reconstruction.

Coexistence of pulmonary tuberculosis with pulmonary sarcoidosis and skin sarcoidosis: a case report.

Background: Necrotising granulomatous diseases of the lungs exhibit a narrow range of differential diagnoses. Tuberculosis accounts for most of these cases, while sarcoidosis is an uncommon entity in this group but both possess similar clinical and radiological similarities. One must consider a diagnosis of sarcoidosis once the standard anti-mycobacterial medications fail to achieve a clinical improvement.