Small symptomatic anterior communicating artery aneurysms: report of three cases and literature review.

Purpose: Given the anatomical relationship between the ACom complex and the optic nerve, small aneurysms of the ACom can present with visual symptoms.

Case Reports: We summarize and illustrate the clinical course of three patients with symptomatic small ACom aneurysms and collect similar other cases reported.

Results: Ten patients with small unruptured visually symptomatic anterior communicating artery aneurysms were found in the literature.

Diffuse Leptomeningeal Glioneuronal Tumors: A Case Series of Five Patients with Parenchymal Forms and an Analysis of the Diagnostic Challenges, Treatment Options and Outcomes.

Background: Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumors (DL-GNT) are rare glioneuronal neoplasms with oligodendroglioma-like cells. These tumors can present as a dominant intracranial mass or as a solitary spinal cord mass without leptomeningeal involvement. In this study, we aimed to determine the magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological features, treatment modalities, and clinical outcomes of the parenchymal forms of DL-GNTs.

Knowing the ABCs: teaching the principles of radiology to medical students in Turkey.

Background: Radiology education in Turkey is mainly taught during clinical years of medical school and often lacks main principles. Exposure to the fundamentals of radiology at an early stage of medical education may drastically help students generate a better understanding of radiology and expand their interest in the specialty. With the Principles of Radiology Course that we provided, pre- and post-session tests, and assessment survey at the end of the course, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of such an online course among Turkish medical students.

Prognostic significance of 18F-FDG PET/CT indices in metastatic renal cell cancer and evaluation of revised IMDC risk model by including 18F-FDG PET-CT parameters.

Background: Prognostic markers in metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) are still insufficient. Any prognostic model objectively determines disease burden.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) parameters and outcomes in mRCC, and to define a revised International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) model for the intermediate-risk group.

Malignant Progression of a Superior Cerebellar Tentorium Solitary Fibrous Tumor in the Pineal Region with Intracranial Metastases: A Case Report and a Literature Review.

Background: Pineal region solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) incorporate a histologic spectrum of rarely metastasizing mesenchymal neoplasms that include tumors formerly classified as hemangiopericytoma.

Case Report: Here, we describe a rare case of SFT of the pineal region in a 25-year-old man with a literature review. After the first surgery, the tumor reappeared as a local low-grade recurrence, followed by metastasis to the right parietal lobe, and then hyperacute intraparenchymal hematoma at the metastatic site, and later presentation of widespread intracranial intra-axial and extra-axial metastases during the follow-up period.

Efficacy, Immunogenicity, and Safety of the Two-Dose Schedules of TURKOVAC versus CoronaVac in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized, Observer-Blinded, Non-Inferiority Phase III Trial.

We present the interim results of the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of the two-dose schedules of TURKOVAC versus CoronaVac. This was a randomized, observer-blinded, non-inferiority trial (NCT04942405). Volunteers were 18-55 years old and randomized at a 1:1 ratio to receive either TURKOVAC or CoronaVac at Day 0 and Day 28, both of which are 3 μg/0.

A novel BH3 mimetic Bcl-2 inhibitor promotes autophagic cell death and reduces in vivo Glioblastoma tumor growth.

Anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family proteins play central roles in the regulation of cell death in glioblastoma (GBM), the most malignant type of brain tumor. Despite the advances in GBM treatment, there is still an urgent need for new therapeutic approaches. Here, we report a novel 4-thiazolidinone derivative BH3 mimetic, BAU-243 that binds to Bcl-2 with a high affinity.

Extensive widening of Virchow-Robin spaces in the frontal lobe: two case reports and systematic review of the literature.

Aim: To report our experience on giant tumefactive Virchow-Robin spaces (GTVRS) in the frontal lobe and perform a systematic review of previous reports on GTVRS.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective single-center study reporting the clinical manifestations, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearance, differential diagnosis, and management of two patients diagnosed with frontal lobe GTVRS at Bahcesehir University School of Medicine Goztepe Hospital in the past 5 years. A systematic literature search was performed in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, with case selection criteria including Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) size greater than 1.

Combined pharmacomechanical thrombectomy with selective catheter-directed thrombolysis in patients with acute proximal deep vein thrombosis.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and the outcomes of combined percutaneous pharmacomechanical thrombectomy with selective catheter-directed thrombolysis for acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis.

Methods: Between March 2018 and February 2020, a total of 37 patients (21 males, 16 females; mean age: 55±13.8 years; range, 21 to 79 years) with symptomatic acute iliofemoral vein thrombosis who underwent combined percutaneous pharmacomechanical thrombectomy and catheter-directed thrombolysis were retrospectively analyzed.

Comparison of Anatomic and Non-Anatomic Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

: The survival benefit of anatomical liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma has not been elucidated yet. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of anatomic and non-anatomic liver resection on surgical outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. : A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing anatomic or non-anatomic resections due to hepatocellular carcinoma between March 2006 and October 2019 was conducted.

Positive effects of fetal echocardiography on maternal anxiety: a prospective study in a tertiary center in Turkey.

The aim of this study was to determine the anxiety levels of pregnant women who were referred to a tertiary center for fetal echocardiography (FE) and the effect of FE results on maternal anxiety. This prospective study was conducted between January 2020 and February 2021 and included 118 pregnant women. The anxiety levels of the participants were evaluated with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, which evaluates state (STAI-I) and trait (STAI-II) anxiety.

Nonmetric Variants of Anatolian Crania: A Preliminary Study.

Analysis of nonmetric cranial variants has been essential for identifying the human population through osteologic analysis and genetic affinities. This study aimed to examine the nonmetric cranial variants to evaluate differences among sex and side correlations in Anatolian dry skulls. This study was carried out on 50 Anatolian adult dry human skulls (22 males, 28 females) with suitable features (nonfractured and/or with necessary features) out of a total of 97 dry skulls.

Spinal deformity surgery is accompanied by serious complications: report from the Morbidity and Mortality Database of the Scoliosis Research Society from 2013 to 2020.

Purpose: The Morbidity and Mortality (M&M) report of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) has been collected since 1965 and since 1968 submission of complications has been required of all members. Since 2009, the SRS has collected information on death, blindness, and neurological deficit, with acute infection being added in 2012 and unintentional return to the operating room (OR) being added in 2017. In this report, we use the most recent data submitted to the SRS M&M database to determine the rate of neurological deficit, blindness, acute infection, unintentional return to the OR, and death, while also comparing this information to previous reports.

Effects of black cumin seed oil on oxidative stress and expression of membrane-cytoskeleton linker proteins, radixin, and moesin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat liver.

Background And Aim: This study examined the effects of black cumin seed oil treatment on oxidative stress and the expression of radixin and moesin in the liver of experimental diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen rats were divided into 3 equal groups (control, diabetes, treatment). The control group was not exposed to any experimental treatment.

Histopathological effects of Algan hemostatic agent (AHA) in liver injury model in rats.

Background And Aim: In this study, we aimed to assess the hemostatic and histopathological impacts of the Algan hemostatic agent (AHA) with the liver injury model.

Materials And Methods: 24 male rats, 10-12 week old, were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=8) as control (physiological saline solution), AHA liquid and AHA powder. A total of three iatrogenic cut injuries were performed on the anterior surface of the left liver lobe.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Unusual Neoplasms Related to Foramen of Luschka: A Review for Differential Diagnosis.

There are many types of neoplasms in or around the foramen of Luschka (FL), and definitive diagnosis in some cases requires knowledge of imaging findings. The uncommon and challenging neoplasms with FL involvement considered in this study are exophytic brainstem glioma, primary glioblastoma of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA), primary anaplastic ependymoma of the CPA, choroid plexus papilloma of the FL, solitary FL choroid plexus metastasis, extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the jugular foramen, paraganglioma of the jugular foramen, exostosis of the jugular foramen, psammomatous meningioma in the lateral cerebellar medullary cistern, epidermoid tumor of the fourth ventricle, and a hypoglossal schwannoma. These neoplasms may have overlapping clinical and imaging features, but some have relatively distinct imaging features.

Short-term effects of first trimester low-dose aspirin therapy on uterine artery flow in women at high risk for preeclampsia.

The aim of the study was to investigate the short-term effects of low-dose aspirin treatment on uterine artery Doppler in pregnancies that were high-risk for preeclampsia. This prospective observational study included 82 patients with singleton pregnancies between 11-14 weeks of gestation. Uterine artery Doppler measurements were obtained by transvaginal ultrasonography at the first prenatal visit of women who started low-dose aspirin treatment due to the high risk of preeclampsia and women who did not receive low-dose aspirin.

Isolated Pituitary Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Isolated pituitary gland metastasis is an extremely rare event in renal cell carcinoma. We present a unique case of isolated pituitary metastasis of renal cell carcinoma and a systematic review of literature on it.

Case Report: In this case, an abdominal ultrasound in an asymptomatic 51-year-old female patient showed a mass in her left kidney.

Lack of right ventricular hypertrophy is associated with right heart failure in patients with left ventricular failure.

Presence of right heart failure (RHF) is associated with a worse prognosis in patients with left ventricular failure (LVF). While the cause of RHF secondary to LVF is multifactorial, an increased right ventricular (RV) afterload is believed as the major cause of RHF. However, data are scarce on the adaptive responses of the RV in patients with LVF.

Dietary factors and onset of natural menopause: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Diet has been suggested to play a role in determining the age at natural menopause; however, the evidence is inconsistent.

Objective: We systematically reviewed and evaluated published research about associations between diet and onset of natural menopause (ONM).

Methods: We searched 6 databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar) through January 21,2021 to identify prospective studies assessing the association between diet and ONM.

Thalassemia-free and graft-versus-host-free survival: outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for thalassemia major, Turkish experience.

We report the national data on the outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for thalassemia major (TM) patients in Turkey on behalf of the Turkish Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation Group. We retrospectively enrolled 1469 patients with TM who underwent their first HSCT between 1988 and 2020 in 25 pediatric centers in Turkey. The median follow-up duration and transplant ages were 62 months and 7 years, respectively; 113 patients had chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) and the cGVHD rate was 8.

A Successful Model for an Introductory Oncology Teaching Conference and Its Impact on Preclinical and Clinical Medical Students.

Purpose: Oncology education at medical schools is often fragmented, under-represented, and nonstandardized. Medical students lack essential knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary for them to provide optimal primary care to patients with cancer upon graduation.

Methods: In this study, we designed and assessed the impact of a compact oncology teaching conference on medical students.