Impact of backpack load during walking: an EMG and biomechanical analysis.

This study aims to understand the impact of backpack carriage, a regular activity for many, on back muscles and joint mobility during walking so that clinicians can develop strategies or products to ensure individuals' safety and well-being. Surface electromyography (EMG) and XSENS Awinda motion capture systems were used to analyze the effects of carrying a backpack (12% of body weight) on erector spinae and multifidus muscles, as well as spinal, hip, knee, and ankle joints. Subjects walked at 4 km/h on flat and inclined surfaces.

Computational Analysis of Missense Mutations: Insight into Protein Structure and Interaction Dynamics.

is implicated in a range of conditions, including autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, seizures, autosomal recessive nonsyndromic intellectual disability, heterotaxy, and ciliary dysfunction. In order to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions, we focused on the structural and dynamic activity consequences of mutations within this gene. In this study, whole exome sequencing identified the c.

Impact of statin use on COVID-19 outcomes in hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective cohort study.

There is an increasing requirement for new therapeutic approaches to address lung inflammation caused by COVID-19. Recent evidence suggests that statins may reduce mortality in patients with respiratory infections. This study aimed to investigate the impact of statin use on COVID-19 outcomes among hospitalized patients at Ohud Hospital and King Salman Medical City (KSMC) in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Assessing the bond strength of short fiber composites to dentin using various air abrasion particles.

Purpose: This study investigated the bond strength between short fiber-reinforced resin composite (SFC) and dentin following air abrasion with various types of abrasive particles.

Methods: A total of 120 human molars were prepared for a shear bond strength (SBS) test of the resin composite. The teeth were divided into 12 groups (n = 10/group) based on the air abrasion particle used.

The effect of ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections on pain, functionality, spasticity, and range of motion in patients with post-stroke upper extremity spasticity.

Objective: Spasticity developing in the upper extremity in stroke patients causes disability by limiting movement and causing pain. This study investigates the effects of botulinum toxin injections on pain, functionality, spasticity, and range of motion in hemiplegic patients with post-stroke spasticity.

Materials And Methods: The study involved a double-blind, prospective, randomized controlled trial with thirty-one stroke patients aged 35-80 who developed upper extremity spasticity.

A single-center prospective study evaluating the relationship of tumor consistency on remission in acromegaly patients.

The nature of somatotroph adenomas has not been clearly revealed in studies. We consider that there are macroscopic differences in intraoperative tumor consistency in acromegaly patients. We aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between intraoperative tumor consistency and histopathological subtypes by planning a prospective study to determine whether these differences are significant.

Long-term outcomes of Türkiye's first population-based mammography screening program: a decade of breast cancer detection and survival analysis in Bahçeşehir.

Background: The Bahçeşehir population-based mammography screening program (BMSP) is an example of Türkiye's first population-based screening program. This study aims to reveal the successful implementation of population-based secreening program in one of the low- and middle-income countries, Türkiye and long-term results of patients diagnosed with breast cancer during BMSP.

Methods: This study was conducted between 2009 and 2019, in the Bahçeşehir county of Istanbul.

The Role of Diet, Glycaemic Index and Glucose Control in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Management and Mechanisms of Progression.

Purpose Of Review: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder with several causal pathways including impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance (IR), compensatory hyperinsulinemia and excess androgens (hyperandrogenism). This heterogeneous condition causes a range of reproductive, metabolic and psychological implications, the severity of which can differ between individuals depending on factors such as age, diet, ethnicity, genetics, medication, contraceptive use, adiposity, and Body Mass Index (BMI).

Recent Findings: Dietary interventions that focus on a low glycaemic index and glucose control are an efficient first-line dietary solution for the management of impaired glucose tolerance and IR, which subsequently improves weight management, quality of life and PCOS-related symptoms in individuals with this condition.

A Newly Synthesized Benzimidazolium Salt: 1-(2-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(4-Vinylbenzyl)-1H-Benzo[D]imidazol-3-ium Chloride as a Potential Anticancer Agent for Colon Cancer Treatment, In Vitro Study.

Colon cancer is one of the most common cancer-related deaths. Drug resistance is one of the biggest challenges in cancer treatment. Numerous pharmacological and biochemical investigations have documented the benzimidazole ring's anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.

Evaluation of mandibular and maxillary second molar root canal anatomy in a Turkish subpopulation using CBCT: comparison of Briseno-Marroquin and Vertucci classifications.

Background: This retrospective study aims to characterise the root canal morphology of maxillary and mandibular second molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The number of roots and canal configurations were evaluated using both the Vertucci and Benjamı´n Brisen˜ o Marroquı´n classification systems.

Methods: A total of 1084 second molar images (523 maxillary; 266 right and 257 left side and 561 mandibular; 285 right and 276 left side) were evaluated from 320 CBCT scans analyzed for the Turkish subpopulation.

De-Escalation of Nodal Surgery in Clinically Node-Positive Breast Cancer.

Importance: Increasing evidence supports the oncologic safety of de-escalating axillary surgery for patients with breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Objective: To evaluate the oncologic outcomes of de-escalating axillary surgery among patients with clinically node (cN)-positive breast cancer and patients whose disease became cN negative after NAC (ycN negative).

Design, Setting, And Participants: In the NEOSENTITURK MF-1803 prospective cohort registry trial, patients from 37 centers with cT1-4N1-3M0 disease treated with sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or targeted axillary dissection (TAD) alone or with ypN-negative or ypN-positive disease after NAC were recruited between February 15, 2019, and January 1, 2023, and evaluated.

Evaluation of Long-Term Lymphedema Rate in Patients With Subclinical Lymphedema Diagnosed in the Preoperative Period via Bioimpedance.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between subclinical lymphedema identified prior to surgical intervention and clinical lymphedema observed in the late period, the incidence of lymphedema in our cohort, and the associated risk factors.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study was conducted with early-stage breast cancer patients who had been enrolled in a previous study. For diagnosing lymphedema, physical examination, L-Dex® score, and circumferential measurement was used.

Fractal analysis of jawbone structure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Purpose: Periarticular and generalized osteoporosis are well-known comorbidities of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), associated with either the disease itself or glucocorticoid therapy. This study was performed to quantitatively evaluate changes in the jawbones of patients with RA using fractal analysis (FA).

Materials And Methods: The study comprised 186 participants, including 144 women and 42 men.

Dysregulation of mTOR signalling is a converging mechanism in lissencephaly.

Cerebral cortex development in humans is a highly complex and orchestrated process that is under tight genetic regulation. Rare mutations that alter gene expression or function can disrupt the structure of the cerebral cortex, resulting in a range of neurological conditions. Lissencephaly ('smooth brain') spectrum disorders comprise a group of rare, genetically heterogeneous congenital brain malformations commonly associated with epilepsy and intellectual disability.

The Role of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Heart Failure: A Narrative Review.

Introduction: Structural and functional cardiac defects leading to inadequate tissue oxygenation is known as Heart failure (HF) which is characterized by extensive morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiology of HF involves systolic and diastolic dysfunction, neurohormonal dysregulation, and imbalance in inflammatory mediators which complicates treatment further. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an approach used for restoring ventricular synchrony and enhancing mechanical efficiency.

Is isocaloric intermittent fasting superior to calorie restriction? A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.

Background And Aim: Intermittent fasting (IF) has been demonstrated to enhance human health through several mechanisms. However, it is still unclear whether those health benefits are independent of caloric restriction (CR)-induced weight loss. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare isocaloric IF and CR regarding anthropometric measurements, adherence, metabolic profile, inflammatory biomarkers, and adipokines in adults and elderlies.

The impact of traumatic brain injury on visual processing: a neuro-ophthalmological perspective.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a critical global health issue characterized by perturbance in cerebral function attributed to mechanical force. TBI often precipitates significant visual impairment that negatively impacts the patients' quality of life. This review examines the effects of TBI on visual function from a neuro-ophthalmological perspective, focusing on the assessment, diagnostics, and management of associated sequelae.

The effect of single-task versus dual-task assessment on muscle strength and performance in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Dual-task activities, which involve performing two separate tasks simultaneously, often result in reduced motor function and daily activity performance among individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of single- and dual-task conditions on muscle strength and performance in individuals with knee OA and examine how cognitive load influences physical task performance in this population.

Methods: Sixty patients with knee OA were included.

Machine learning based algorithms for virtual early detection and screening of neurodegenerative and neurocognitive disorders: a systematic-review.

Background And Aim: Neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's, Parkinson's) lead to neuronal loss; neurocognitive disorders (e.

Safe Use of Technology in the Operating Room Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties.

Purpose: To develop the Safe Use of Technology in the Operating Room Scale (SUTORS) and evaluation of its psychometric properties.

Design: The study was a scale development study including the validity and reliability analyses.

Methods: The study was conducted in training and research hospitals located in Istanbul, Turkey.

Nonstenotic carotid artery plaques on computed tomography angiography in embolic stroke of undetermined source.

This study aims to evaluate the role of <50% stenotic cervical carotid artery plaques in embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS), focusing on plaque characteristics in symptomatic versus asymptomatic carotid arteries (contralateral). In this cross-sectional observational study, 81 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for ESUS and underwent were retrospectively analyzed. Carotid plaques causing <50% stenosis were examined, noting features such as plaque thickness, degree of luminal stenosis, irregularity, ulceration, calcification, and hypodensity.

Chemical profiling and biological activity evaluation of propolis from Çayeli-Rize, Eastern Black Sea Region, Anatolia.

The constituents of the aqueous, ethanol, hexane, and methanol extracts of Anatolian propolis collected from the Eastern Black Sea Region (Çayeli-Rize) were investigated by GC-MS, HPLC and AAS. Interestingly, lactulose has been identified. Ten phenolic compounds, namely caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, taxifolin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, silicristin, silibinin and gallic acid were determined.