Fast updating feedback from piriform cortex to the olfactory bulb relays multimodal identity and reward contingency signals during rule-reversal.

While animals readily adjust their behavior to adapt to relevant changes in the environment, the neural pathways enabling these changes remain largely unknown. Here, using multiphoton imaging, we investigate whether feedback from the piriform cortex to the olfactory bulb supports such behavioral flexibility. To this end, we engage head-fixed male mice in a multimodal rule-reversal task guided by olfactory and auditory cues.

Entropy driven-based catalytic biosensors for bioanalysis: From construction to application-A review.

The rapid advancement of precision medicine and the continuous emergence of novel pathogens have presented new challenges for biosensors, necessitating higher requirements. Target amplification technology serves as the core component in biosensor construction. Enzyme-based amplification methods are often sensitive and selective but involve relatively complex operational steps, whereas enzyme-free amplification methods offer simplicity but frequently fail to meet both sensitivity and selectivity simultaneously.

Targeting JAK/STAT3 in glioblastoma cells using an alginate-PNIPAm molecularly imprinted hydrogel for the sustained release of ruxolitinib.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a notoriously aggressive primary brain tumor characterized by elevated recurrence rates and poor overall survival despite multimodal treatment. Local treatment strategies for GBM are safer and more effective alternatives to systemic chemotherapy, directly tackling residual cancer cells in the resection cavity by circumventing the blood-brain barrier. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are promising drug delivery systems due to their high-affinity binding cavities that enable tailored release kinetics.

Does Perfectionism Affect Parental Identity Development? A One-Year Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: Previous studies have revealed that perfectionism and identity development during adolescence are related. However, no longitudinal study has been conducted on the impact of perfectionism on identity development in adulthood. In the present study, we analyzed for the first time the longitudinal relationship between personal standards, an indicator of perfectionistic strivings, and concern over mistakes and doubts about actions, indicators of perfectionist concerns, and identity development in one of the most important yet least understood domains for adults, parental identity.

Alkenyl pheromones: Raman spectroscopic analysis, DFT modeling, and machine learning for stereoisomerism evaluation.

Alkenyl pheromones are a class of insect sex pheromones that are characterized by the presence of one or more double bonds, which can be either in the E(trans) or Z(cis) configuration. This structural variation is essential in mating, as it influences reproductive behavior and provides a potential method for insect control. As a base for rapid and in-situ screening of synthetic pheromones or pheromone-based products, this study explores the potential of Raman spectroscopy to differentiate between the two geometrical isomers, E(trans) and Z(cis), of the alkenyl pheromones.

Towards a green economy: Investigating the impact of sustainable finance, green technologies, and environmental policies on environmental degradation.

Environmental degradation is a problem, and the consequences, in terms of emission of pollutants into different ecosystems, human health, and sustainable development are disastrous. This study explains the complex interactions that exist among sustainable finance, green technology innovation, green energy adoption, the climate change financial policy, green growth index, government spending, and financial globalization across the globe. This research applies to an extensive dataset that ranges to 23 years in 50 countries by enforcing robust dynamic econometric methods such as unit root tests, cointegration analysis, and generalized method of moments (GMM) estimations for the analysis of these complicated issues.

Fine tuning enzyme activity assays for monitoring the enzymatic hydrolysis of PET.

Efficient monitoring of the enzymatic PET-hydrolysis is crucial for developing novel plastic-degrading biocatalysts. Herein, we aimed to upgrade in terms of accuracy the analytical methods useful for monitoring enzymatic PET-degradation. For the HPLC-based assessment, the incorporation of an internal standard within the analytic procedure enabled a more accurate quantification of the overall TPA content and the assessment of molar distributions and relative content of each aromatic degradation product.

Effects of a L. Extract and Rosmarinic Acid in Improving Streptozotocin-Induced Aortic Tissue Damages in Rats.

Background/aim: L. () is an aromatic medicinal species with important nutraceutical potential, having rosmarinic acid (RA) as one of its main metabolites. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of an extract obtained from the leaves of this species and of its main metabolite in improving the streptozotocin-induced damage of hearts and aorta of diabetic rats.

Mustard Meal Extract as an Alternative to Zinc Oxide for Protecting the Intestinal Barrier Against -Lipopolysaccharide Damage.

The present study aimed to investigate the ability of an aqueous extract derived from mustard seed meal to counteract the effects of endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the intestinal epithelium. Caco-2 cells were cultured together with HT29-MTX and used as a cellular model to analyze critical intestinal parameters, such as renewal, integrity, innate immunity, and signaling pathway. Byproducts of mustard seed oil extraction are rich in soluble polysaccharides, proteins, allyl isothiocyanates, and phenolic acids, which are known as powerful antioxidants with antimicrobial and antifungal properties.

Automatic Characterization of Prostate Suspect Lesions on T2-Weighted Image Acquisitions Using Texture Features and Machine-Learning Methods: A Pilot Study.

: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent neoplasia in the male population. According to the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP), PCa can be divided into two major groups, based on their prognosis and treatment options. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) holds a central role in PCa assessment; however, it does not have a one-to-one correspondence with the histopathological grading of tumors.

A Review on Current Aspects of Curcumin-Based Effects in Relation to Neurodegenerative, Neuroinflammatory and Cerebrovascular Diseases.

Curcumin is among the most well-studied natural substances, known for its biological actions within the central nervous system, its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and human health benefits. However, challenges persist in effectively utilising curcumin, addressing its metabolism and passage through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in therapies targeting cerebrovascular diseases. Current challenges in curcumin's applications revolve around its effects within neoplastic tissues alongside the development of intelligent formulations to enhance its bioavailability.

Burnout Syndrome in forensic medicine and its association with vicarious trauma, posttraumatic stress syndrome and occupational stress.

The burnout phenomenon is a subject of considerable interest due to its impact on both employee well-being and scientific inquiry. Workplace factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic, play a pivotal role in its development, often leading to job dissatisfaction and heightened burnout risk. Chronic stress and burnout induce significant dysregulation in the autonomic nervous system and hormonal pathways, alongside structural brain changes.

Replicating the Expected and the Unexpected: Neuropsychological and Symptom Profiles in a Neurotypical Romanian-English Bilingual Sample.

Establishing the effect of limited English proficiency (LEP) on cognitive performance within linguistically diverse populations is central to cross-cultural neuropsychological assessments. The present study was designed to replicate previous research on cognitive profiles in Romanian-English bilinguals. Seventy-six participants (54 women, MAge = 23.

Assessing local service providers' needs for scaling up MHPSS interventions for Ukrainian refugees: Insights from Poland, Slovakia, and Romania.

Providing Mental Health and Psychosocial Support interventions (MHPSS) for forcibly displaced Ukrainians in Central and Eastern Europe poses numerous challenges due to various socio-cultural and infrastructural factors. This qualitative study explored implementation barriers reported by service providers of in-person and digital MHPSS for Ukrainian refugees displaced to Poland, Romania and Slovakia due to the war. In addition, the study aimed to generate recommendations to overcome these barriers.

Platinum(II/IV) complexes with -substituted carboxylate ethylenediamine/propylenediamine ligands: preparation, characterization and activity.

The synthesis and characterization of novel platinum(II) and platinum(IV) complexes derived from unsymmetrical ethylene or propylenediamine derivatives are presented. IR spectroscopy and ESI mass spectrometry techniques were employed to characterize the complexes, revealing distinctive absorption bands and isotope patterns. Furthermore, the complexes were characterized by H and C NMR spectroscopy.

Assessment of Frailty Scores Among Geriatric Patients Hospitalized in the North-Western Region of Romania: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The global demographic trend of population aging is evident across all regions, with a notable increase in the proportion of elderly individuals. Romania exemplifies this phenomenon, as 17% of its population is currently aged 65 years or older-a figure projected to rise to 25% by 2050. This demographic shift underscores the pressing need for comprehensive measures to address the health and social requirements of this growing population segment.

The Importance of Genetic Screening on the Syndromes of Colorectal Cancer and Gastric Cancer: A 2024 Update.

Gastrointestinal cancers (GIC), encompassing colonic, rectal, and gastric malignancies, rank among the most prevalent cancer types globally, contributing significantly to cancer-related mortality. In the scientific literature, various syndromes associated with colorectal and gastric cancers have been elucidated, highlighting the intricate interplay between genetic factors and disease manifestation. The primary objective of this study was to conduct a genetic exploration aimed at elucidating these associations and identifying shared genetic determinants across these cancer types.

Vitamins, Coenzyme Q10, and Antioxidant Strategies to Improve Oocyte Quality in Women with Gynecological Cancers: A Comprehensive Review.

Background: Gynecological cancers, including ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers, significantly affect both survival and reproductive health in women. Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy can impair ovarian function, reducing oocyte quality and fertility potential.

Objective: This review aims to evaluate how vitamins and antioxidants can enhance fertility and fertility preservation outcomes for women diagnosed with gynecological cancers, particularly in the context of assisted reproductive technologies (ART).

What Is the Attitude of Romanian Smallholders Towards a Ground Mole Infestation? A Study Using Topic Modelling and Sentiment Analysis on Social Media and Blog Discussions.

In this paper, we analyse the attitudes and sentiments of Romanian smallholders towards mole infestations, as expressed in online contexts. A corpus of texts on the topic of ground moles and how to get rid of them was collected from social media and blog thread discussions. The texts were analysed using topic modelling, clustering, and sentiment analysis, revealing both negative and positive sentiments and attitudes.

Fault detection and diagnosis of the wastewater nitrate and nitrite sensors using PCA and FDA combined with assessment of the economic and environmental impact of the faults.

One of the leading challenges in Water Resource Recovery Facility monitoring and control is the poor data quality and sensor consistency due to the tough and complex circumstances of the process operation. This paper presents a new principal component analysis fault detection approach for the nitrate and nitrite concentration sensor based on Water Resource Recovery Facility measurements, together with the Fisher Discriminant Analysis identification of fault types. Five malfunction cases were considered: constant additive error, ramp changing error in time, incorrect amplification error, random additive error, and unchanging sensor value error.

Tackling the primary healthcare workforce crisis: time to talk about health systems and governance-a comparative assessment of nine countries in the WHO European region.

Background: Primary healthcare has emerged as a powerful global concept, but little attention has been directed towards the pivotal role of the healthcare workforce and the diverse institutional setting in which they work. This study aims to bridge the gap between the primary healthcare policy and the ongoing healthcare workforce crisis debate by introducing a health system and governance approach to identify capacities that may help respond effectively to the HCWF crisis in health system contexts.

Methods: A qualitative comparative methodology was employed, and a rapid assessment of the primary healthcare workforce was conducted across nine countries: Denmark, Germany, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom/ England.

Probing the Local Field Enhancement Using SERS Detection of DNA Strands with Different Lengths and Grafting Strategies on Graphene Oxide Plasmonic Nanoplatforms.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing nucleic acids due to its exceptional sensitivity and specificity. This study rigorously investigates not only the impact of polyA strands of different lengths (, 5, 10, 15, and 20 adenine bases) but also their distinct grafting strategy (SH at 5' and NH at 5' end) on the SERS signal of DNA strand using synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on graphene oxide sheets (GO-AuNPs). By comparing the thiol vs amine bonding onto the GO-AuNP nanoplatform, we found a strong correlation between the adenine peak intensity at 732 cm and the strand length for both grafting methods (SH at 5' end or NH at 5' end).