Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

Complex regional pain syndrome is chronic pain condition involving hyperalgesia and allodynia of extremities. The pathophysiology of CRPS is thought to be combination of different factors that take place at the time of initial injury. Sixty two years female presented to us with severe leg pain after intravenous cannulation during her spine surgery and associated with hyperalgesia and allodynia.

Adenosquamous Carcinoma of Gallbladder: A Rare Case Report.

Carcinoma of the gallbladder is an uncommon malignancy with a poor prognosis overall. Histologically, adenocarcinoma is the most common type of gallbladder carcinoma. Adenosquamous carcinoma is a rare histological type of gallbladder carcinoma comprising both the glandular and squamous elements.

Abnormal High Body Mass Index among Adolescents of Secondary Schools.

Introduction: The rapid increase in the cases of childhood obesity and overweight and its potential to pose other non-communicable diseases has made it a global public health issue. Urbanisation and changing lifestyles also pose a threat to disease in Nepal, but the prevalence of such diseases in Nepal is still not known according to the method recommended by World Health Organization for children's obesity and overweight. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of abnormal high body mass index among adolescents of secondary schools.

Correlation of Conductive Hearing Impairment With Sizes of Adenoids in the Pediatric Age Group: An Observational Case-Control Study.

Introduction: When adenoids enlarge and elicit symptoms it is referred to as symptomatic adenoids, which is a preventable cause of hearing loss and nasal obstruction in the pediatric age group. This study was done to correlate conductive hearing loss with the size of adenoids and to emphasize the importance of screening in the pediatric age group.

Methods: An observational case-control study was conducted to analyze the degree of hearing impairment in children with adenoid hypertrophy.

Trends in Surgical Management of Esophageal Cancer.

Background: Management of esophageal cancer has changed to a combined modality approach over the past two decades due to poor outcome. Recently, multimodal treatment has become the standard practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changing trends in management and outcomes of esophagectomy over 15 years from a single center in Nepal.

Simple Oncoplastic Breast Conserving Surgery for Breast Cancer in a University Hospital.

Background The principle of oncoplastic surgery is the removal of tumors with negative margins as well as maintaining the contour of the breast. The goals are to achieve local control and best cosmesis. Objective The objective of this study was to assess patients' satisfaction with different techniques of simple oncoplastic breast conserving surgery (BCS) for early breast cancer.

Clinicopathological characteristics of carcinoma penis over 10 years in a tertiary-level oncology center in Nepal: a retrospective study of 380 cases.

Purpose: This study was done to find out the clinicopathological characteristics of carcinoma penis in Nepali population and to evaluate various risk factors that predict its inguinal lymph node metastasis.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out at the Urology Unit, Department of Surgical Oncology at BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal. Case notes of biopsy-proven penile cancer, from January 2012 to December 2021, who underwent some form of surgical intervention were included.

Management of Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer.

Esophageal cancer is diagnosed usually at a locally advanced stage. Surgery alone has less optimal results and a multimodality approach has been established as the standard of care for cII-III stages of esophageal cancer. This review focuses on the recent evidences of management of esophageal cancer with various variations in approaches in Eastern and Western countries.

Osteoporosis among Postmenopausal Women Attending the Orthopedics Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Osteoporosis and resulting fracture is a major public health concern worldwide. With increase in life expectancy, osteoporosis and fragility fracture is expected to be more prevalent. It is associated with high patient morbidity, while hip and vertebral fractures have high mortality.

Clinico-pathological Spectrum of Oral Cavity Lesions at a Tertiary Care Center in Central Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world. The disease burden is increasing at an alarming rate in developing Southeast Asian countries. This study aims to report the histopathological spectrum of oral cavity lesions at a tertiary cancer center in central Nepal.

Evidence Based Surgical Approach to Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer is endemic in China, Japan, Korea, Brazil and Former Soviet Union. Patients are diagnosed usually in locally advanced stage. Endoscopy, Positron Emission Therapy- Computed Tomography, Endoscopic ultrasound and staging laparoscopy are the tools for proper evaluation of such patients.

Ewing Sarcoma in Nepal Treated With Combined Chemotherapy and Definitive Radiotherapy.

Purpose: To our knowledge, we conducted the first prospective oncologic clinical trial in Nepal aimed at providing state-of-the-art chemotherapy to patients with Ewing sarcoma. The efficacy of external-beam radiotherapy (RT) as the sole local treatment modality was explored and deemed justified as a result of the lack of available advanced tumor-orthopedic services in Nepal.

Patients And Methods: Twenty patients, 11 female and 9 male patients between the ages of 6 and 37 years, with newly diagnosed Ewing sarcoma were enrolled.

Extracorporeal Irradiation in Malignant Bone Tumors.

Extracorporeal irradiation (ECI) is relatively a rare method used in the management of malignant bone tumors (MBT). It consists of en block removal of the tumor bearing bone segment, removal of the tumor from the bone, irradiation and re implantation back in the body.

Malignant Neoplasm Burden in Nepal - Data from the Seven Major Cancer Service Hospitals for 2012.

In Nepal, while no population based cancer registry program exists to assess the incidence, prevalence, morbidity and mortality of cancer, at the national level a number of hospital based cancer registries are cooperating to provide relevant data. Seven major cancer diagnosis and treatment hospitals are involved, including the BP Koirala Memorial Cancer hospital, supported by WHO-Nepal since 2003. The present retrospective analysis of cancer patients of all age groups was conducted to assess the frequencies of different types of cancer presenting from January 1st to December 31st 2012.

Radiobiological evaluation of intensity modulated radiation therapy treatments of patients with head and neck cancer: A dual-institutional study.

In clinical practice, evaluation of clinical efficacy of treatment planning stems from the radiation oncologist's experience in accurately targeting tumors, while keeping minimal toxicity to various organs at risk (OAR) involved. A more objective, quantitative method may be raised by using radiobiological models. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the potential correlation of OAR-related toxicities to its radiobiologically estimated parameters in simultaneously integrated boost (SIB) intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans of patients with head and neck tumors at two institutions.

Review of radiation therapy in benign ocular diseases.

Radiotherapy is a modality used for the treatment of malignant diseases. However it is also used as an effective modality in the treatment of many benign disorders. It is generally not the first choice of therapy in non malignant conditions but usually used when other modalities have failed or may induce more side effects.

Results of management of esophageal and GE junction malignancies in Nepalese context.

Background: Optimal management of esophageal and GE junction cancer in Nepal has not been studied properly. We reviewed our results to recommend some practical guidelines.

Methods: An institutional review of 327 patients was done.

Orthotopic neobladder urinary diversion for carcinoma of urinary bladder.

Background: Invasive cancers of urinary bladder need radical cystectomy as an optimal treatment. Urinary diversions of different types are available after the procedure. Orthotopic neo-bladder reconstruction is an emerging technique of diversion in suitable patients.

Comparison Between Concurrent Chemoradiation Followed by Surgery vs. Surgery for Locally Advanced Cancer of Esophagus.

Surgery is an accepted standard in the treatment of localized stage cancer of esophagus. But the ideal approach for locally advanced lesions still remains unknown. Patients with locally advanced lesions (cT3-4N1M0) on the basis of CT chest were subjected either to primary surgery or to preoperative chemoradiation followed by surgery.

Eight-year experience in esophageal cancer surgery.

Aim: Esophageal cancer remains a major and lethal health problem. In Nepal, not much has been explored about its management. The aim of this study was to conduct a retrospective review of esophageal cancer patients undergoing surgery or combined modality treatment at a cancer hospital in Nepal.

Pattern of breast cancer in a tertiary care center.

Introduction: Breast Cancer is the second commonest cause of cancer death in women. Almost all women survive breast cancer if it is detected before it starts to spread. The aim of the study is to analyze the demographical profile, stage of presentation, histological type, and treatment modalities of breast cancer in a tertiary care setting.

Histological pattern of gynecological cancers.

Introduction: The information on cancer incidence is an important basis to prioritize the preventive policy of a country. Since there are only limited reports on the gynecological cancers in Nepal, the present study was undertaken to further elucidate the incidences of different gynecological cancers by age, site and histological subtype in a large series.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in histopathologically proven gynecological malignancies by retrieving data from the archives of the Department of Pathology, BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital between July 1999 and April 2004.

Multi-institution hospital-based cancer incidence data for Nepal: an initial report.

While comprehensive cancer registration data are available for some locations in India and Pakistan, the situation regarding other countries in South Asia is less clear. Only one publication with cancer incidence data is available in the literature for Nepal, for one hospital in the Western provinces. The present study was conducted to assess burden across a greater proportion of country with data from 7 major hospitals where cancer is diagnosed and treated.