Kinetic chain revisited: consensus expert opinion on terminology, clinical reasoning, examination, and treatment in people with shoulder pain.

Background: The purpose of this study was to reach consensus on the most appropriate terminology and issues related to clinical reasoning, examination, and treatment of the kinetic chain (KC) in people with shoulder pain among an international panel of experts.

Methods: A 3-round Delphi study that involved an international panel of experts with extensive clinical, teaching, and research experience in the study topic was conducted. A search equation of terms related to the KC in Web of Science and a manual search were used to find the experts.

Role of the kinetic chain in shoulder rehabilitation: does incorporating the trunk and lower limb into shoulder exercise regimes influence shoulder muscle recruitment patterns? Systematic review of electromyography studies.

Objective: To investigate the influence of trunk and lower limb motion on electromyography (EMG) muscle activity and recruitment patterns around the shoulder.

Design: Systematic review.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PEDro, AMED, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews, SportsDiscuss and PROSPERO.

Childhood and adolescent idiopathic urethritis: what does the current literature say?

Introduction: Idiopathic urethritis (IU) is a known entity in the childhood and adolescent age groups and is described as blood spotting of the underwear in these populations. Typically, IU presents clinically as terminal void haematuria or blood spotting, accompanied with dysuria, occasional suprapubic pain and rarely constitutional symptoms. Sometimes IU may progress to formation of urethral strictures.