Consensus outcomes between health professionals and parents for oral corticosteroids in treating preschool wheeze: a multi-national survey and nominal group technique study.

Objective: To obtain priority consensus for outcome measures of oral corticosteroid treatment of preschool wheeze that represent stakeholder groups.

Design: (1) A systematic review to identify a set of outcome measures; (2) an international survey for healthcare professionals (HCPs) and a nominal group meeting with parents; (3) a final consensus nominal group meeting with key HCPs (trial investigators and paediatric emergency medicine clinicians) and the same parent group.

Main Outcome Measures: Consensus priority of treatment outcome measures, outcome minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) and level of concerns about adverse effects.

Teaching high quality paediatric basic life support to laypeople: The development and evaluation of a virtual simulation game.

Background: Self-directed training has been recognized as a reasonable alternative to traditional instructor-led formats to teach laypeople Basic Life Support (BLS). Virtual tools can facilitate high-quality self-directed resuscitation education; however, their role in teaching paediatric BLS remains unclear due to limited empiric evaluation and suboptimal design of existing tools.

Aim: We describe the development and evaluation of a virtual simulation game (VSG) designed to teach high-quality paediatric BLS using a self-directed, online format with integrated deliberate practice and feedback.

Basic Life Support (BLS) Knowledge Among the Ha'il Region Population, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Aims and background This study aims to evaluate Basic Life Support (BLS) knowledge among residents of the Ha'il region. It will reveal the public's familiarity with BLS and identify sources of BLS knowledge. The findings can guide policymakers in improving BLS training, potentially saving lives, especially during cardiac emergencies.

Comparative study on lake ice phenology changes and driving factors in large lakes of mid-latitude Xinjiang, China.

The changes in lake ice phenology (LIP) can intuitively reflect the climate evolution in the regions where lakes are located, serving as an important indicator of climate change. The Tianshan Mountains, situated at the southern edge of freezing lakes in the Northern Hemisphere, are a crucial water resource base in Xinjiang and support significant ecosystems closely related to human activities. In the context of intensified climate change, this study focuses on the geographical location, altitude, and water quality differences among large lake groups in the mid-latitude region of Xinjiang, aiming to explore the characteristics of LIP changes in these lakes and their responses to driving factors, thereby providing a basis for effective environmental management and protection.

Development of a nomogram for predicting malignancy in BI-RADS 4 breast lesions using contrast-enhanced ultrasound and shear wave elastography parameters.

This study aimed to develop a Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) logistic regression (LR) model using quantitative imaging features from Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) to assess the malignancy risk of BI-RADS 4 breast lesions (BLs). The features predictive of malignancy in the LASSO analysis were used to construct a nomogram. Female patients (n = 111) with BI-RADS 4 BLs detected via routine ultrasound at Ma'anshan People's Hospital underwent SWE, CEUS, and histopathological examinations were enrolled in this study.

Evaluation of the Nutritional Impact of Baobab Leaves ( L.) as a Dietary Intervention to Combat Nutrient Deficiencies and Poverty-Related Health Problems.

Background/objectives: Baobab ( L.) is an underutilized species and edible parts (fruits, leaves and seeds) contribute to food security and human health in tropical areas. Although the fruits have attracted greater research interest and have recently been approved for consumption in EU countries, the leaves are traditionally consumed but they have yet to be studied from an interventional perspective.

The Functional Interaction Between Epstein-Barr Virus and MYC in the Pathogenesis of Burkitt Lymphoma.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a wide range of diseases, malignant and non-malignant. EBV was, in fact, the first virus described with cell transformation capacity, discovered by Epstein in 1964 in lymphoma samples from African children. Since then, EBV has been associated with several human tumors including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphoma among others.

Lactic acid contributes to the emergence of depression-like behaviors triggered by blue light exposure during sleep.

The threat posed by light pollution to human health is increasing remarkably. As demand for high-efficiency and bright lighting increases, so does the blue light content from artificial sources. Although animal studies suggested blue light induced depression-like behaviors, human evidence remained limited, and the mechanisms by which blue light affects depression remained elusive.

An in-situ study in the Xijiang River basin revealed adverse effects of total dissolved gas supersaturation on fish.

High dam discharge can lead to total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation in downstream rivers, causing fish to suffer from bubble trauma and even mortality. Focusing on the Datengxia hydropower station in the Xijiang River basin, we conducted in-situ experiments to explore the tolerance patterns of economic fish species, including Ctenopharyngodon idella, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and Cirrhinus molitorella, under the influence of TDG supersaturation at different compensation depths. Moreover, the development and recovery patterns of bubble trauma and the swimming ability of fish exposed to TDG supersaturated water were investigated.

Development and optimization of dapagliflozin oral nano-bilosomes using response surface method: evaluation, evaluation.

In treating type 2 diabetes, avoiding glucose reabsorption (glucotoxicity) and managing hyperglycemia are also important. A metabolic condition known as diabetes (type-2) is characterized by high blood sugar levels in comparison to normal Bilosomes (BLs) containing Dapagliflozin (Dapa) were formulated, optimized, and tested for oral therapeutic efficacy in the current investigation. Used the Box Behnken design to optimize the Dapa-BLs, formulated via a thin-film hydration technique.

A five-finger mnemonic for teaching schoolchildren the theoretical components of adult basic life support: a modified reactive Delphi-guided development and memorability pilot test with schoolchildren.

Background: A mnemonic is a cognitive aid frequently used in health-related education. The main goal of this study was to develop and test a 5-finger mnemonic for teaching schoolchildren the theoretical aspects of adult Basic Life Support (BLS) steps, a process rarely described in the context of instructing laypersons.

Methods: Experts from the European Resuscitation Council's Basic Life Support Science and Education Committee (ERC BLS SEC), specializing in teaching adult BLS, participated in the first phase of the pilot study.

Simultaneous determination of three β-Lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations in critically ill patients by UPLC-MS/MS.

β-Lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (BL/BLIs) are widely used in critically ill patients. Recent research has shown the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of BLs, but few studies have highlighted the importance of detecting BLIs in critically ill patients. In our laboratory, we have developed and validated a simple and robust method for the determination of ceftazidime, cefoperazone, piperacillin, avibactam, sulbactam and tazobactam in human plasma by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Magnon-induced exceptional point and enhanced sensing via Brillouin scattering.

In recent years, cavity optomagnonics has received considerable research interest, and the notions drawn from non-Hermitian physics have also attracted attention. Based on Faraday effect and Cotton-Mouton effect, we theoretically propose a scheme to realize exceptional point (EP) in a cavity optomagnonic system. The scheme relies on Brillouin scattering (BLS), i.

Semi-supervised contour-driven broad learning system for autonomous segmentation of concealed prohibited baggage items.

With the exponential rise in global air traffic, ensuring swift passenger processing while countering potential security threats has become a paramount concern for aviation security. Although X-ray baggage monitoring is now standard, manual screening has several limitations, including the propensity for errors, and raises concerns about passenger privacy. To address these drawbacks, researchers have leveraged recent advances in deep learning to design threat-segmentation frameworks.

Integrons are key players in the spread of beta-lactamase-encoding genes.

Integrons mediate the acquisition and expression of gene cassettes (GCs). The production of beta-lactamases (BLs) is the most relevant mechanism of beta-lactams resistance. To explore the role of integrons in BL genes dissemination, we retrieved sequences and metadata from the INTEGRALL database and performed literature review.

New Diagnoses of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of a Large United States Commercial Insurance Database.

Background/objective: Little is known about the rates of rheumatic disease diagnosis among children during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the impact of the pandemic on the diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in the United States.

Methods: We performed a historical cohort study using US commercial insurance data (2016-2021) to identify children aged <18 years without prior JIA diagnosis or treatment in the prior ≥12 months.

Design of pseudosymmetric protein hetero-oligomers.

Pseudosymmetric hetero-oligomers with three or more unique subunits with overall structural (but not sequence) symmetry play key roles in biology, and systematic approaches for generating such proteins de novo would provide new routes to controlling cell signaling and designing complex protein materials. However, the de novo design of protein hetero-oligomers with three or more distinct chains with nearly identical structures is a challenging unsolved problem because it requires the accurate design of multiple protein-protein interfaces simultaneously. Here, we describe a divide-and-conquer approach that breaks the multiple-interface design challenge into a set of more tractable symmetric single-interface redesign tasks, followed by structural recombination of the validated homo-oligomers into pseudosymmetric hetero-oligomers.

An agile multimodal microrobot with architected passively morphing wheels.

Multimodal microrobots are of growing interest due to their capabilities to navigate diverse terrains, with promising applications in inspection, exploration, and biomedicine. Despite remarkable progress, it remains challenging to combine the attributes of excellent maneuverability, low power consumption, and high robustness in a single multimodal microrobot. We propose an architected design of a passively morphing wheel that can be stabilized at distinct geometric configurations, relying on asymmetric bending stiffness of bioinspired tentacle structures.

A polyaniline-enhanced quartz crystal microbalance sensor for room-temperature camphor detection.

A method to detect camphor gas is considered indispensable in the pharmaceutical industry. Unfortunately, the available sensors to detect the presence of camphor in the air are very limited and still on a laboratory scale, such as using chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The research's main focus is to obtain a portable sensing system with excellent sensitivity and selectivity.

Yorkshire and the Humber GP trainee perspectives on incomplete evidence outcomes at ARCP.

June 2023 saw an exceptionally high proportion of Outcome 5s (incomplete evidence) issued at the annual review of competency progression (ARCP) for GP Trainees in Yorkshire and the Humber (Y&H) Deanery. These outcomes created considerable time, administrative and financial costs for the deanery. Additionally, it was believed that receiving non-standard outcomes at ARCP would be detrimental to trainee wellbeing.

Diagnostic Utility of Metalloproteinases from Collagenase Group (MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13) in Biochemical Diagnosis of Ovarian Carcinoma.

Background: Ovarian carcinoma (OC) has an unfavorable prognosis due to lack of screening and an asymptomatic course. New diagnostic methods are being sought to enable earlier diagnosis of this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic utility of collagenases (MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13) in the diagnosis of OC compared to HE4 and CA125 and the ROMA.