Tofacitinib use in ulcerative colitis: An expert consensus for day-to-day clinical practice.

Rising number of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cases in developing countries necessitate clear guidance for clinicians for the appropriate use of advanced therapies. An expert consensus document was generated to guide the usage of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, in ulcerative colitis. Tofacitinib is a useful agent for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis.

Assessment of quality of life in thyroid cancer patients using the EORTC thyroid-specific questionnaire: a prospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Many studies on the quality of life (QoL) among the thyroid cancer survivors have shown conflicting results. This may be since many of these studies have not used thyroid cancer-specific questionnaires.

Patients And Methods: In our study we have translated the EORTC THY-34, validated and served it in a cross-sectional study to the assess the QoL among thyroid cancer patients free of disease during their routine follow-up.

Integrating spiritual disposition intervention into behavioral medicine: A case report on systemic lupus erythematosus from India.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory systemic autoimmune disease. The disease manifests as the body's immune cells start attacking healthy connective tissue, which affects the skin, kidneys, blood vessels, brain, and other vital organs. As with any other chronic illness, the disease has psychological implications.

Topical and Systemic Therapies in Melasma: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Melasma is an acquired disorder, which presents with well-demarcated, brown-colored hyperpigmented macules, commonly involving the sun-exposed areas such as the face. It is a chronic and distressing condition, affecting the patients' quality of life, and has been conventionally treated with "first-line" agents including hydroquinone (HQ) alone or as a part of a triple combination cream (TCC), while "second-line" options include chemical peels, and third line options include laser therapy.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search was performed for all topical and systemic treatments for melasma up till May 4, 2021, using the PubMed and EMBASE databases, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol.

Relamorelin in Gastroparesis and Diabetic Gastroparesis: A Meta-Analysis on Its Efficacy and Safety.

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of relamorelin, a synthetic ghrelin receptor agonist, for the treatment of gastroparesis and diabetic gastroparesis. A total of 1,033 participants from five randomized controlled trials were included. The primary outcome was the mean change in gastric emptying time from baseline.

Artificial Intelligence in the Detection of Barrett's Esophagus: A Systematic Review.

Barrett's esophagus (BE) remains a significant precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma, requiring accurate and efficient diagnosis and management. The increasing application of machine learning (ML) technologies presents a transformative opportunity for diagnosing and treating BE. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness and accuracy of machine learning technologies in BE diagnosis and management by conducting a comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to the year 2023.

Decoding the Conundrum: Navigating Intra-operatively Encountered Suspicious Gallbladder Wall Thickening with Laparoscopic Transhepatic Needle Decompression and Beyond Cystic Plate Cholecystectomy.

Background: Suspicious gallbladder wall thickening encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy poses challenges in its management. This study aims to address this problem by proposing a technique that involves laparoscopic transhepatic needle decompression and modified cystic plate cholecystectomy.

Methods: In this report, we describe the case of a 36-year-old female with symptomatic gallstone disease and ultrasound findings of a well-distended gallbladder with a uniform wall thickness.

Acute myocardial infarction complicating acute ulcerative colitis: A clinical conundrum.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated multisystem inflammatory disease that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract, but it also has various extraintestinal manifestations like cardiovascular, dermatological, musculoskeletal, or hepatobiliary tract involvement. Herein, we describe a case of a 46-year-old female, who presented with acute coronary syndrome on the background of acute relapse of ulcerative colitis (UC), requiring a pragmatic clinical approach due to a labile balance between hemorrhagic and ischemic risk.

Adverse Events during Intrahospital Transport of Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Study (I-TOUCH Study).

Background: Critically ill patients are frequently transported to various locations within the hospital for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, which increases the risk of adverse events (AEs). This multicenter prospective observational study was undertaken to determine the incidence of AEs related to intrahospital transport, their severity, and their effects on patient outcomes.

Patients And Methods: We included consecutive unstable critically ill patients requiring intrahospital transport, across 15 Indian tertiary care centers over 5 months (October 11, 2022-February 20, 2023).

Incidentally Detected 131-Iodine Avid Parotid Oncocytoma Coexistent with Papillary Carcinoma Thyroid.

131-I radioactive iodine (RAI) scan is an important modality in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer to detect recurrent or residual disease. Thus it is important to have knowledge about the possibility of false positive findings in these scans to avoid wrongful diagnosis and unnecessary treatment. We here by present a patient who underwent total thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection and followed by radioactive iodine therapy for papillary thyroid cancer.

Clinicomycological Profile of Fungal Rhinosinusitis in South India.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is widely prevalent globally. Fungal rhinosinusitis is a subtype which requires early detection by using appropriate tests and to make an accurate decision regarding the treatment modality. This study aims at determining the clinicomycological profile of fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS).

Rare Presentation of Venous Malformation in Parapharyngeal Space.

Introduction: Venous malformations are commonly seen in muscles like masseter, temporalis, tongue musculature, oral and airway mucosa in the head and neck region but is rarely seen in parapharyngeal space.

Case Summary: We report a case of a 60 year female patient who presented with foreign body sensation of throat, sticky sensation and dysphagia to solids for 2 years. She was subjected to relevant investigations including MRI and USG guided FNAC.

Right Atrial Thrombus and Submassive Pulmonary Embolism in a COVID-19-Infected Patient: A Case Report.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory infection, but it undoubtedly results in systemic illness that affects multiple systems. The high incidence of thromboembolic events is one distinctive clinical characteristic of COVID-19. This case report is about a unique clinical presentation of a 40-year-old homeless female with polysubstance abuse, who was diagnosed with a right atrial thrombus, sub-massive pulmonary embolism, and COVID-19 infection.

Intraoral anastomosis for primary microsurgical reconstruction in patients of oral cavity malignancies: Retrospective analysis of 30 cases from a tertiary care center in India.

Introduction: In patients undergoing either robotic neck dissection or no neck dissection, the neck recipient vessels for the free flaps remain unexposed. Intraoral vessels have been successfully used as microvascular recipients but their use in intraoral malignancies is uncommon. We describe our initial experience of using intraoral recipients in 30 patients with oral cavity malignancies.

Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor Therapy and Cardiac Remodeling in Heart Failure: Consensus Statement from India.

Adverse cardiac remodeling refers to progressive structural and functional modifications in the heart because of increased wall stress in the myocardium, loss of viable myocardium, and neurohormonal stimulation. The guideline-directed medical therapy for Heart failure (HF) includes Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) (sacubitril/valsartan), β-blockers, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA). ARNI is under-prescribed in India despite its attractive safety and efficacy profile.

Role of Iron Therapy in Heart Failure: A Consensus Statement from India.

Iron deficiency (ID) with or without anemia is frequently observed in patients with heart failure (HF). Uncorrected ID is associated with higher hospitalization and mortality in patients with acute HF (AHF) and chronic HF (CHF). Hence, in addition to chronic renal insufficiency, anemia, and diabetes, ID appears as a novel comorbidity and a treatment target of CHF.

A Rare Case of Extraosseous Osteosarcoma (EOS) of Parotid Gland.

Extraosseous osteosarcoma is a rare malignant soft tissue neoplasm, and extraosseous osteosarcoma of the parotid gland is very rare. It has a very aggressive course, and there are no standardized treatment guidelines. We report the case of a 20 year old male patient who presented with history of right neck swelling since 6 years for which he had undergone right parotid surgery 5 years ago.

Parotid Metastasis in a Case of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common differentiated thyroid neoplasm. Common sites of regional and distant metastasis includes lymph nodes, lungs and bone. 51 year old female patient who was a known case of PTC with a history of multiple surgeries, radioactive iodine therapy (RAI) and oral chemotherapy presented with a painful right parotid mass.

Hyperthermia and neurological catastrophe: An interesting case report.

Fever is a common symptom encountered in clinical practice. Hyperthermia, though infrequently encountered, can be genetical (malignant hyperthermia) or acquired when the body temperature rises beyond a certain set point that is controlled by the hypothalamus. We report a case of an elderly male who reported to us with hyperthermia, accelerated hypertension, and brain haemorrhage (as a sequelae of uncontrolled hypertension).

Lateral medullary syndrome: Case report and review of literature.

Lateral medullary syndrome (LMS) or Wallenberg's syndrome is an uncommon and often underdiagnosed cause of posterior circulation stroke. Thrombosis, embolization, or dissection of vertebral or posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) often results into LMS. The most pathognomonic symptoms of LMS includes pain and temperature deficits on ipsilateral facial side and contralateral side of rest of the body, ipsilateral ataxia, vertigo, nystagmus, dysphagia, hoarseness, hiccups and Horner's syndrome.

Decrypting the occurrence of mucormycosis following dental extractions: A systematic review.

Background: Mucormycosis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection. The present systematic review was done to provide to date summary of the frequency of rhino-orbital-mucormycosis (ROM) cases following a tooth extraction, as there was no systematic review present till now to highlight it.

Method: The PubMed, PMC, Google Scholar, and Ovid Embase databases were searched thoroughly with appropriate keywords till April 2022 including the human population with language restrictions including English literature to collate case reports and case series regarding post-extraction Mucormycosis.

Multimodal analysis of the COVID-19-associated mucormycosis outbreak in Delhi, India indicates the convergence of clinical and environmental risk factors.

Background: The aetiology of the major outbreak of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India in spring 2021 remains incompletely understood. Herein, we provide a multifaceted and multi-institutional analysis of clinical, pathogen-related, environmental and healthcare-related factors during CAM outbreak in the metropolitan New Delhi area.

Methods: We reviewed medical records of all patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven CAM (n = 50) at 7 hospitals in the New Delhi, and NCR area in April-June 2021.

Post-extubation Dysphagia-Early Detection by Serial Tongue Pressure Measurements: Is it Practical?

Paul S, Pande RK. Post-extubation Dysphagia-Early Detection by Serial Tongue Pressure Measurements: Is it Practical? Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(12):1233-1234.