E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH-mediated proteasomal degradation of WBP2 sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy through restraining AMOTL2/c-JUN axis.

Our study had demonstrated that WW domain-binding protein 2 (WBP2) conferred chemoresistance in breast cancer (BC). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, a decreased expression of itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH) was observed in drug-resistant BC tissues which negatively regulated the expression of WBP2.

Molecular insights into trauma: A framework of epigenetic pathways to resilience through intervention.

Experiences of complex trauma and adversity, especially for children, are ongoing global crises necessitating adaptation. Bioadaptability to adversity and its health consequences emphasizes the dynamism of adaptation to trauma and the potential for research to inform intervention strategies. Epigenetic variability, particularly DNA methylation, associates with chronic adversity while allowing for resilience and adaptability.

Association between maternal schizophrenia and risk of serious asthma exacerbations in childhood.

Background And Hypothesis: While maternal schizophrenia is linked to chronic childhood medical conditions, little is known about the risk of acute asthma exacerbations among children whose mothers have schizophrenia. This population-based study used health data for all of Ontario, Canada to evaluate whether having a mother with schizophrenia was associated with increased risk of asthma exacerbations.

Study Design: The study cohort included 385,989 children diagnosed with asthma from age 2 years onward, followed from the time of their asthma diagnosis up to a maximum of age 19 years.

International Multicenter Cohort Study on Beta-Blocker-Free Treatment Strategies for Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Patients.

Background: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare, potentially life-threatening genetic heart disease. Nonselective beta-blockers (BBs) are highly effective in reducing CPVT-triggered arrhythmic events. However, some patients suffer from unacceptable BB side effects and might require strategies without a BB.

Safety and immunogenicity of an acellular pertussis vaccine containing genetically detoxified pertussis toxin administered to pregnant women living with and without HIV and their newborns (WoMANPOWER): a randomised controlled trial in Uganda.

Background: Immunisation in pregnancy against pertussis can reduce severe disease in infancy. There are few data on the safety and immunogenicity of vaccines given to pregnant women living with HIV and their infants. We aimed to describe the safety and immunogenicity of a tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (TdaP) vaccine containing genetically detoxified pertussis toxin given to pregnant women living with HIV and the effect of the vaccine on infant whole-cell pertussis vaccine responses.

Loss of hepatocyte Usp53 protects mice from a form of xenobiotic-induced liver injury.

Background: Ubiquitin-specific protease 53 (USP53) deficiency is associated with familial intrahepatic cholestasis in which serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity is relatively low. However, how USP53 deficiency contributes to cholestasis is obscure. No animal model has been reported.

Development of two machine learning models to predict conversion from primary HER2-0 breast cancer to HER2-low metastases: a proof-of-concept study.

Background: HER2-low expression has gained clinical relevance in breast cancer (BC) due to the availability of anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates for patients with HER2-low metastatic BC. The well-reported instability of HER2-low status during disease evolution highlights the need to identify patients with HER2-0 primary BC who may develop a HER2-low phenotype at relapse. In response to the urgency of maximizing treatment access, we utilized artificial intelligence to predict this occurrence.

Parental Perspectives on Pediatric Surgical Recovery: Narrative Analysis of Free-Text Comments From a Postoperative Survey.

Background: Qualitative experience data can inform health care providers how to best support families during pediatric postoperative recovery. Patient experience data can also provide actionable information to guide health care quality improvement; positive feedback can confirm the efficacy of current practices and systems, while negative comments can identify areas for improvement.

Objective: This study aimed to understand families' perspectives regarding their children's surgical recovery using qualitative patient experience data (free-text comments) from a prospective cohort study conducted within a larger study developing a postoperative-outcome risk stratification model.

Plasmapheresis for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-induced hemolysis in infants.

Background: Intravascular hemolysis is a known complication of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Characterized by elevated plasma-free hemoglobin (PFH), intravascular hemolysis is associated with cytotoxic effects leading to renal replacement therapy (RRT), longer ECMO runs, and mortality. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in tandem with ECMO was described as a therapy for various pathologic conditions, but there are no Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) guidelines for the treatment of ECMO-induced hemolysis.

Comparing the safety of a single balloon catheter to dinoprostone for inducing labor in pregnant women with group B Streptococcus vaginal colonization: An observational study.

Group B Streptococcus is a bacterium that colonizes in approximately 20% of pregnant women and can be vertically transmitted to newborns, leading to maternal-neonatal adverse outcomes, such as chorioamnionitis, neonatal sepsis, and pneumonia. However, there is currently no agreement on the optimal induction method for this specific population. This study aims to evaluate the safety of a single balloon catheter (BC) in comparison to dinoprostone for labor induction in term pregnant women with group B Streptococcus colonization.

Molecular basis for plasma membrane recruitment of PI4KA by EFR3.

The lipid kinase phosphatidylinositol 4 kinase III α (PI4KIIIα/PI4KA) is a master regulator of the lipid composition and asymmetry of the plasma membrane. PI4KA exists primarily in a heterotrimeric complex with its regulatory proteins TTC7 and FAM126. Fundamental to PI4KA activity is its targeted recruitment to the plasma membrane by the lipidated proteins EFR3A and EFR3B.

The multifaceted nature of Egyptian mummification: Paleoradiological insights into child mummies.

In accordance with ancient Egyptian beliefs, the preservation of the body after death was an important prerequisite for the continued existence of the deceased in the afterlife. This involved application of various physical interventions and magical rituals to the corpse. Computed tomography (CT), as the gold-standard technology in the field of paleoradiology, enables deeper insights into details of artificial body preservation.

A national cross-sectional survey of health literacy of caregivers attending Canadian pediatric emergency departments.

Background: Health literacy assessment is key to better meeting family needs and developing informed strategies to promote positive health outcomes for children. The objective of this study was to describe the health literacy of caregivers who use Canadian pediatric emergency departments and relate it to demographic and visit-specific variables.

Methods: This study utilized a descriptive, cross-sectional survey design with medical record review.

Narrative Matters: Is obedience good? the classics may surprise us.

We are conditioned not to see some of the most potent facts; one of these repressed facts is the common assumption that goodness is the same as obedience - you are good if you 'do what you're told' - and bad if you are disobedient. To illustrate how this invisibility of social conditioning works, some very famous stories are helpful, both for how this conditioning works and for how it is resisted, because, simply put, obedience is not the same as being good.

Introduction to immunology and immune disorders.

The body has a collection of physical barriers to prevent infection, but once these are overcome, we rely on our immune systems to protect us against a wide variety of infections. The complex mechanisms through which this is achieved are grouped into two lines of defense called the "innate" and "adaptive" immune systems. The innate immune system provides a rapid and tailored response to infection or injury often associated with inflammation.

Primary prevention of food allergy: beyond early introduction.

Food allergy typically begins early in life and persists as a lifelong condition. Delayed introduction of allergenic foods followed by years of hesitancy to introduce these foods early may have contributed to the increase in food allergy prevalence in recent decades. Most infant feeding guidelines focus on the importance of early introduction of allergenic foods in infants at around age 4-6 months.

Eosinophilic esophagitis.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an atopic condition of the esophagus that has become increasingly recognized. Diagnosis of the disorder is dependent on the patient's clinical manifestations and must be confirmed by histologic findings on esophageal mucosal biopsies. The epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of EoE are discussed in this review.

Risk thresholds for the frequency of cannabis use during pregnancy and adverse neonatal outcomes: protocol for a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Background: Cannabis use during pregnancy has been increasing and is associated with adverse neonatal outcomes, such as low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB). It remains largely unknown whether the association between cannabis use in pregnancy and increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes is impacted by the frequency of cannabis use and whether thresholds exist below which risk is not significantly increased. The objective of this systematic review is to assess whether the association between cannabis use during pregnancy and the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes is dependent on the frequency of use and whether risk thresholds exist.

Lung Function Recovery from Pulmonary Exacerbations Treated with Oral Antibiotics in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.

Rationale: Patients with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) experience acute pulmonary exacerbations (PEx). In Cystic Fibrosis (CF), PEx treated with oral antibiotics (oPEx) were found to be related to short and long-term lung function deficits, however the impact oPEx on lung function in patients with PCD has not yet been assessed.

Objective: To assess the impact of oPEx on lung function recovery in PCD and determine the factors associated with poorer response.

Integrative single-cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq analysis of the evolutionary trajectory features of adipose-derived stem cells induced into astrocytes.

This study employs single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing technologies (scATAC-seq) to perform joint sequencing on cells at various time points during the induction of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into astrocytes. We applied bioinformatics approaches to investigate the differentiation trajectories of ADSCs during their induced differentiation into astrocytes. Pseudotemporal analysis was used to infer differentiation trajectories.

MUC17 is an essential small intestinal glycocalyx component that is disrupted in Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is the chronic inflammation of the terminal ileum and colon triggered by a dysregulated immune response to bacteria, but insights into specific molecular perturbations at the critical bacteria-epithelium interface are limited. Here we report that the membrane mucin MUC17 protected small intestinal enterocytes against commensal and pathogenic bacteria. In non-inflamed CD ileum, reduced MUC17 levels and a compromised glycocalyx barrier allowed recurrent bacterial contact with enterocytes.