Associations between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and its constituents with lung cancer incidence: Evidence from a prospective cohort study in Beijing, China.

Association between long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) and lung cancer incidence is well-documented. However, the role of different PM constituents [black carbon (BC), ammonium (NH), nitrate (NO), organic matter (OM), and inorganic sulfate (SO)] remain unclear. The study aimed to specify the associations between PM constituents and lung cancer incidence.

Quercetin inhibits platelet activation and ER-stress mediated autophagy in response to extracellular histone.

Background: Cellular histones are DNA-binding nuclear proteins involved in chromatin remodelling and regulation of gene expression. However, extracellular histones act as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and contribute to multiorgan damage in conditions with sepsis and diseases with acute critical illnesses. Alongside, histones are associated with thrombocytopenia due to dysfunctional platelets that regulate hemostasis and thrombosis.

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter constituents and the prognosis of oral cancer patients: A prospective study in Southeastern China.

Evidence on the association of long-term exposure to fine particular matter (PM) and its chemical constituents with the prognosis of oral cancer patients is limited. We identified 1673 oral cancer patients from 2011 to 2021 in Fujian, China. We evaluated annual average concentrations of PM and constituents, including nitrate, sulfate, ammonium, black carbon (BC), and organic matter (OM), using bilinear interpolation based on the patients' residential address.

Linkage Mapping and Identification of Candidate Genes for Cold Tolerance in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) at the Bud Bursting Stage.

Rice is highly sensitive to low temperatures, making cold stress a significant factor limiting its growth, especially during the bud bursting stage. To address this, an RIL population derived from a cross between cold-tolerant and cold-sensitive rice varieties was used to identify nine QTLs linked to cold tolerance under temperatures of 4 ℃, 5 °C, and 6 ℃ using a high-density genetic map. One candidate gene, LOC_Os07g44410, was identified through gene function annotation, haplotype analysis, and qRT-PCR, with two main haplotypes (Hap1 and Hap2) showing distinct phenotypic differences.

Dual ligand functionalized pH-sensitive liposomes for metastatic breast cancer treatment: and assessment.

This research demonstrates the design and development of a novel dual-targeting, pH-sensitive liposomal (pSL) formulation of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), , (5-FU-iRGD-FA-pSL) to manage breast cancer (BC). The motivation to explore this formulation is to overcome the challenges of systemic toxicity and non-specific targeting of 5-FU, a conventional chemotherapeutic agent. The proposed formulation also combines folic acid (FA) and iRGD peptides as targeting ligands to enhance tumor cell specificity and penetration, while the pH-sensitive liposomes ensure the controlled drug release in the acidic tumor microenvironment.

Tracking Physical Activity and Nutrition Policies and Practices in Early Childhood Education and Care: Five Years Post-Implementation of a Provincial-Level Active Play Standard.

Early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings are key for improving health behaviors, including physical activity (PA) and nutrition. In 2017, the province of British Columbia (BC) implemented a provincial-level Active Play policy supported by a capacity-building intervention. Significant improvements in all PA policies and practices and the majority of nutrition policies were observed post-implementation.

Association of mental health treatment receipt with cancer screening among US adults with a history of anxiety or depression.

Background: Low participation in cancer screening contributes to a disproportionate burden of cancer morbidity and mortality among adults with mental health (MH) disorders like depression and anxiety. It is unknown whether MH treatment affects screening participation in this population.

Methods: Using the 2019 and 2021 National Health Interview Survey, data from screening-eligible respondents with a history of depression or anxiety were analyzed.

Canadian Men's Intimate Partner Relationship Break-Ups During COVID-19: Implications for Mental Health Promotion.

COVID-19 impacted many men's intimate partner relationships, with distressed and disrupted partnerships consistently featured in commentaries with linkages to mental health challenges. The current study draws from interviews with 23 Canadian-based men, 19-50 years old, who experienced a break-up during COVID-19. Addressing the research question, "What are the connections between masculinities, men's mental health, and intimate partner relationship break-ups during COVID-19?", three thematic findings were derived: (1) Virtually Together and Growing Apart, (2) Mentally Trapped, and Failing Fast and Slow, and (3) Introspections and Moving On.

[How to report the end-of-life decisions in the clinical record? Proposal of an "ABCD".].

Coping with the end of life decision making process in ICU, its complexity adds a challenge for the healthcare team: how to report in the medical record the events and reasoning that led to withholding or withdrawing treatments shifting from intensive to palliative care. Each healthcare team must select the best approach for managing the decision-making process and the necessary rules to ensure a correct clinical history narrative, indicating who must write and what has to be written. Taking into account the team organization, the report may be written not necessarily by the ICU director, but also by a staff physician as a spokesperson in the individual case.

Breast Cancer Survivors' Diet and Physical Activity Preferences and Barriers: How COVID-19 Changed the Intervention Landscape.

Background: Existing studies on breast cancer survivors (BCS) have primarily focused on individual aspects of either diet or exercise preferences and barriers. Our study aims to examine BCS' perceptions toward diet and exercise combined. Given the transformative impact of COVID-19, there is a crucial need for insights in the post-pandemic era to address the distinct challenges faced by BCS in maintaining their health and well-being.

Corrigendum: Enhancing enzyme-mediated cellulose hydrolysis by incorporating acid groups onto the lignin during biomass pretreatment.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.

Do you have depression? A summative content analysis of mental health-related content on TikTok.

Background: TikTok is a global social media platform with over 1 billion active users. Presently, there are few data on how TikTok users navigate the platform for mental health purposes and the content they view.

Objective: This study aims to understand the patterns of mental health-related content on TikTok and assesses the accuracy and quality of the advice and information provided.

Honey bees rely on associative stimulus strength after training on an olfactory transitive inference task.

Transitive inference, the ability to establish hierarchical relationships between stimuli, is typically tested by training with premise pairs (e.g., A + B-, B + C-, C + D-, D + E-), which establishes a stimulus hierarchy (A > B > C > D > E).

Artificial intelligence in breast cancer survival prediction: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Breast cancer (BC), as a leading cause of cancer mortality in women, demands robust prediction models for early diagnosis and personalized treatment. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms offer promising solutions for automated survival prediction, driving this study's systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Three online databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) were comprehensively searched (January 2016-August 2023) using key terms ("Breast Cancer", "Survival Prediction", and "Machine Learning") and their synonyms.

Initial clinical experience with [Lu]Lu-PNT2002 radioligand therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: dosimetry, safety, and efficacy from the lead-in cohort of the SPLASH trial.

Introduction: SPLASH (NCT04647526) is a multicenter phase III trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of [Lu]Lu-PNT2002 radioligand therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This study leveraged a lead-in phase to assess tissue dosimetry and evaluate preliminary safety and efficacy, prior to expansion into a randomized phase. Here we report those results.

Students perspectives on the development and deployment of an AI-enabled service robot in long-term care.

The need for Artificial Intelligence (AI) in gerontology education is underscored by the potential benefits it offers in addressing loneliness and supporting social connection among older adults in long-term care (LTC) homes. While the workforce in LTC is often overburdened, AI-enabled service robots present possible solutions to enhance residents' quality of life. However, the incorporation of AI and service robots in current gerontology curricula is lacking, and the views of students on this subject remain largely unexamined.

Relationship between muscle power, muscle volume and limb length in healthy male and female adolescents.

Objective: Muscle power is essential for the activities of daily living. Muscle power production depends on numerous factors such as muscle size and length, muscle architecture and fiber type and varies with age during growth. The association between muscle power output during a jump and lower limb muscle volume and length in adolescents is largely unknown.

Perspective on strategies for matching across age and sex in physiology research: "recreationally active" is not good enough.

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular fitness are powerful confounders in age and sex-related comparisons. This paper provides a perspective on the benefits and limitations of matching participants by physical activity behaviour, objectively measured fitness and normative fitness percentiles. Data presented herein are a subset of a larger study, and highlight that matching by physical activity, does not necessarily match on other metrics like physical fitness, especially when age-related comparisons are being made.

Enhanced hydrogel loading of quercetin-loaded hollow mesoporous cerium dioxide nanoparticles for skin flap survival.

Flap techniques are indispensable in modern surgery because of their role in repairing tissue defects and restoring function. Ischemia-reperfusion and oxidative stress-induced injuries are the main causes of flap failure. Oxidative stress exacerbates cell damage through the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby affecting flap function and survival.

Distribution and determinants of the utilization of senior residential care homes in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: With the accelerated increase in the population of seniors aged 60 years or older in Saudi Arabia, understanding the utilization of senior residential care homes is crucial for improving service delivery and policy planning to meet the care transformation objectives of Vision 2030.

Objective: To assess the distribution and determinants of senior residential care home utilization across Saudi Arabia's 13 administrative regions, focusing on predictors of functional dependency among different socio-demographic groups.

Methods: This study analyzed data from 283 Saudi individuals aged ≥65 admitted to social residential care homes in 2021.

Does Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use Modify All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Associated with PM and Its Components? A Nationally Representative Cohort Study (2007-2017).

Several studies reported that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use could alleviate subclinical effects of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM). However, whether chronic NSAID use could mitigate the long-term effects of PM and its components on population mortality has been unknown. Based on a national representative survey of 47,086 adults (2007-2010) with follow-up information on the primary cause of death (until 2017), we investigated the long-term associations of PM and its major components, including black carbon (BC), ammonium (NH ), nitrate (NO ), organic matter (OM), and sulfate (SO ), with all-cause and cause-specific mortality using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Dual-layer detector spectral computed tomography quantitative parameters for predicting pathological complete remission after neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a common cancer among women worldwide, and although the use of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for BC has become more widespread, there is no standardized prediction of the efficacy of NAT for BC. This study aimed to evaluate the value of quantitative parameters of dual-layer detector spectral computed tomography (DLCT) in predicting whether BC patients can achieve pathological complete response (pCR) after NAT.

Methods: Patients who were first diagnosed with BC in Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute and received only NAT before surgery were selected for participation in this study.

Estimated Factor Scores Are Not True Factor Scores.

In this tutorial, we clarify the distinction between estimated factor scores, which are weighted composites of observed variables, and true factor scores, which are unobservable values of the underlying latent variable. Using an analogy with linear regression, we show how predicted values in linear regression share the properties of the most common type of factor score estimates, regression factor scores, computed from single-indicator and multiple indicator latent variable models. Using simulated data from 1- and 2-factor models, we also show how the amount of measurement error affects the reliability of regression factor scores, and compare the performance of regression factor scores with that of unweighted sum scores.

Dual Biological Effects and Mechanisms of Gut Microbiota in Breast Cancer: A Review.

Breast cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumor. BC is serious and has a high mortality rate. The incidence of BC has increased in recent years.