In vitro study of how the undercut amount on the model labial side affects the reduction rate of laminated mouthguard thickness.

Background/aim: An undercut on the model's labial side affects the mouthguard thickness. The aim of this study was to investigate how the undercut amount on the model's labial side affects the reduction rate of laminated mouthguard thickness.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were thermoformed using 3.

Prioritizing model trimming to prevent thinning during mouthguard thermoforming: Influence of increased height associated with an acute model angle.

Background/aim: The shape of the working model is one of the major factors affecting the thickness of thermoformed mouthguards. The aim of this study was to clarify the priority of model trimming to prevent thinning during mouthguard thermoforming.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were thermoformed using 4.

Effect of sheet extrusion direction on laminated mouthguard thickness: An in vitro study.

Background/aim: The thermal shrinkage that occurs when the extrusion molding sheet is heated affects the mouthguard thickness. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sheet extrusion direction on laminated mouthguard thickness.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were pressure formed using the extruded sheet and a plaster model.

Effective thermoforming method for maintaining mouthguard thickness with a circular sheet using a circular frame.

Background/aim: Mouthguard thickness is important to prevent oral and facial trauma during sports. The aim of this study was to establish an effective thermoforming method for maintaining mouthguard thickness with a circular sheet using a circular frame.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were thermoformed using 4.

Examination of thermoforming techniques to secure mouthguard thickness of the labial and buccal sides with a single sheet: An in vitro study.

Background/aim: Mouthguards must have an appropriate thickness to prevent oral trauma during sports. The aim of this study was to establish a thermoforming technique to secure the labial and buccal thicknesses of the mouthguard with a single sheet.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were thermoformed using 4.

Effects on the thickness of single-layer mouthguards with different model positions on the forming table and different sheet frame shapes for the forming device.

Background/aim: Effectiveness and safety of mouthguards are greatly affected by their thickness. The aim of this study was to clarify the influence of the frame shape of the forming device on how the model position on the forming table affects the anterior and posterior mouthguard thickness.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were thermoformed using 4.

Effect on thickness of a single-layer mouthguard of positional relationship between suction port of the vacuum forming device and the model.

Background/aim: Wearing a mouthguard reduces the risk of sport-related injuries, but the thickness has a large effect on its efficacy and safety. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on the thickness of a single-layer mouthguard of the positional relationship between the suction port of the vacuum forming device and the model.

Materials And Methods: Ethylene-vinyl-acetate sheets of 4.

Effect of acute angle model on mouthguard thickness with the thermoforming method and moving the model position just before fabrication.

Background/aim: The effectiveness and safety of mouthguards are affected by their thickness. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an acute angle model on the mouthguard thickness with the thermoforming method in which the model position was moved just before fabrication.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were thermoformed using 4.

Fabrication method to maintain mouthguard thickness regardless of the model angle.

Background/aim: The safety and effectiveness of mouthguards depend on the sheet material and thickness. The aim of this study was to investigate the fabrication method for a mouthguard with appropriate thickness using a single sheet regardless of the model angle.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were thermoformed using 4.

Thermoforming technique for suppressing reduction in mouthguard thickness: Part 2 Effect of model height and model moving distance.

Background/aim: Wearing a mouthguard reduces the risk of sports-related injuries, but the material and thickness of the mouthguard have a substantial impact on its effectiveness and safety. The aim of this study was to establish a thermoforming technique in which the model position is moved just before formation to suppress the reduction in thickness. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of model height and model moving distance on mouthguard thickness.

Movement of model position just before vacuum forming to ensure mouthguard thickness: Part 2 Effect of model moving distance.

Background/aim: Wearing a mouthguard during sports reduces the risk of dental injury via absorbing impact forces, and the effectiveness and safety of the mouthguard are closely linked to the mouthguard material and thickness. The aim of this study was to clarify the suppression effect of the thickness reduction of the mouthguard when changing the moving distance of the model forward in a stepwise manner.

Materials And Methods: Ethylene-vinyl acetate sheets of 4.

Thermoforming technique for maintaining the thickness of single-layer mouthguard during pressure formation.

Background/aim: Using mouthguards can reduce the risk of injury when playing sports, but the sheet material and thickness have a large effect on their efficacy and safety. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of moving the model position just before formation in the pressure forming technique to maintain the thickness of a single-layer mouthguard.

Materials And Methods: A 4.

Thermoforming method to effectively maintain mouthguard thickness: Effect of moving the model position just before vacuum formation.

Background/aims: Mouthguards can reduce the risk of sports-related injuries but the sheet material and thickness have a large effect on their efficacy and safety. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the thermoforming technique that moves the model position just before vacuum formation.

Materials And Methods: Ethylene vinyl acetate sheets of 4.

Effect of the anteroposterior position of the model on fabricated mouthguard thickness: Part 2 Influence of sheet thickness and material.

Aim: Mouthguards can reduce the risk of sports-related injuries, but the sheet material and thickness have a large effect on their efficacy and safety. The aim of this study was to investigate the thickness of molded mouthguards when the model position on the forming table was changed stepwise in the anteroposterior direction for different sheet thicknesses and materials.

Materials And Methods: Ethylene vinyl acetate sheets and olefin copolymer sheets with 4.