Patient Perception after Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injury - A Qualitative Case Report.

Study Design: This is a qualitative case study.

Introduction: Considering individual patient's perception is an important aspect of rehabilitation according to International Classification of Functioning model (Geneva, 2002).

Purpose Of Study: The report highlights the importance of patient education and considering individual's perception to achieve rehabilitation outcomes.

Surgical Management of Onychopapilloma, Onychomatricoma, and Subungual Osteochondroma: Case Series.

The clinical diagnosis of benign and malignant nail tumors can be difficult. Dermoscopy can provide a clue to the diagnosis but nail biopsy is the gold standard in establishing the diagnosis. Here, we report three cases of rare nail tumors, that is, onychopapilloma, onychomatricoma, and subungual osteochondroma, which were diagnosed on histopathology and managed surgically.

A Phase III open-label, randomized, active controlled clinical study to assess safety, immunogenicity and lot-to-lot consistency of a bovine-human reassortant pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in Indian infants.

Background: A heat-stable bovine-human rotavirus reassortant pentavalent vaccine (BRV-PV, ROTASIIL®) was developed in India. In this study, the vaccine was tested for safety, immunogenicity and clinical lot-to-lot consistency.

Methods: This was a Phase III, open label, randomized, equivalence design study.

Bell's Palsy-Tertiary Ischemia: An Etiological Factor in Residual Facial Palsy.

The facial nerve is unique among the motor nerves. It has long and tortuous course through the temporal bone and within the Fallopian canal. Because of this it is more prone to paralysis than any other nerve in the body.

Non-interference of Bovine-Human reassortant pentavalent rotavirus vaccine ROTASIIL® with the immunogenicity of infant vaccines in comparison with a licensed rotavirus vaccine.

Background: A newly developed bovine-human reassortant pentavalent vaccine (BRV-PV, ROTASIIL®) was tested for its potential effect on the immunogenicity of concomitantly administered EPI vaccines in infants in a randomized controlled study in India.

Methods: In this Phase III, multicenter, open label, randomized, controlled study, three doses of BRV-PV or two doses of Rotarix® and one dose of placebo were given to healthy infants at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. Subjects also received three doses of DTwP-HepB-Hib (diphtheria, tetanus, whole-cell pertussis, hepatitis B, and haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate - pentavalent vaccine) and oral polio vaccine concomitantly at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age and a single dose of inactivated polio vaccine at 14 weeks of age.

Gastroduodenal Tuberculosis: A Case Series and Review of Literature.

Gastroduodenal tuberculosis is infrequently seen in day-to-day clinical practice with few cases reported in the literature. It is usually associated with features of gastric outlet obstruction. This is a case series of 4 patients with 2 of them having associated lower gastrointestinal involvement.

Risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective multi-center study.

Introduction: Environmental risk factors have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). With rising incidence, it is important to know risk factors associated with IBD in our population. This study was aimed to evaluate risk factors for IBD from western India.

Acute Kidney Injury of Infectious Etiology in Monsoon Season: A Prospective Study Using Acute Kidney Injury Network Criteria.

The epidemiological pattern of acute kidney injury (AKI) in tropical countries during monsoon reflects infectious disease as the most important cause. AKI is a confounding factor and may be overlooked by primary health-care providers and underreported in health statistics. The present study prospectively helps estimate the burden of disease and analyze etiology, clinical profile, and outcome in a tertiary care hospital of a metropolitan city in a tropical country.

Imperatorin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide induced memory deficit by mitigating proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and modulating brain-derived neurotropic factor.

Background: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin from the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria has been reported to cause neuroinflammation and learning and memory deficits. There are reports describing the beneficial effects of Imperatorin (IMP), a naturally occurring furanocoumarin in central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as anxiety and epilepsy.

Objective: In the current study, we investigated whether IMP protects against LPS mediated memory deficits and neuroinflammation.

Three component cartilage framework reconstruction for correction of post-traumatic nasal septal collapse.

Background: Post-traumatic nasal septal collapse results in flat, broad, non-projecting nose due to mid-vault collapse. These patients may have airway obstruction due to poorly supported internal valve. Traditional techniques like 'cantilever graft technique' or conventional 'L-graft technique' produce a rigid lobule as the single unit framework extends to the tip.

Trigonelline insulates against oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines and restores BDNF levels in lipopolysaccharide induced cognitive impairment in adult mice.

Neuroinflammation is said to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Trigonelline (TRG) is a naturally occurring alkaloid, commonly isolated from fenugreek and coffee beans. In the present study, we investigated whether TRG exerts neuroprotective action against LPS mediated cognitive impairment.

Management of Liver Abscess in Children: Our Experience.

Introduction: Liver abscess is common in pediatric population in India. Children have unique set of predisposing factors and clinical features. Liver abscesses are infectious, space-occupying lesions in the liver; the two most common abscesses being pyogenic and amebic.

Nine year trends of dengue virus infection in Mumbai, Western India.

Introduction: Dengue virus (DENV) causes a wide range of diseases in humans, from acute febrile illness Dengue fever (DF) to life-threatening Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or Dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Factors believed to be responsible for spread of Dengue virus infection include explosive population growth, unplanned urban overpopulation with inadequate public health systems, poor standing water and vector control, climate changes and increased international recreational, business, military travel to endemic areas. All of these factors must be addressed to control the spread of Dengue and other mosquito-borne infections.

Seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections in healthy blood donors: A 5-year Tertiary Care Hospital experience.

Introduction: Transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) can cause threat to bloody safety as blood transfusion is an important mode of transmission of TTI to the recipient, hence, to prevent transmission of these diseases, screening tests on blood bags is an important step for blood safety.

Aim: This study was undertaken with the aim of determining the seroprevalence of TTI in healthy blood donors in a tertiary care blood bank.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was carried out over a period of 5 years from January 2007 to December 2011.

Long-term evaluation of kidney function in live-related kidney donors.

The consequences of live kidney donation on the donor health with main emphasis on postdonation blood pressure (BP), proteinuria, kidney size, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were evaluated. Twenty-five donors with minimum of six months postdonation duration were included in the study. Donor age at nephrectomy, duration postnephrectomy, systolic and diastolic BP measurement pre-and post-donation, postdonation, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and 24-h proteinuria, blood sugar, two-dimensional echocardiogram were recorded.

Reversible central neural hyperexcitability: an electroencephalographic clue to hypocalcaemia.

A 23-year-old male patient presented with cognitive decline and seizures. Examination revealed Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs. Investigations revealed hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphatemia and normal intact parathyroid hormone levels.

Ocular Dirofilariasis: A Rare case from Mumbai, India.

Dirofilariasis is a worldwide zoonotic filariasis. Human dirofilariasis is a zoonotic infection most commonly caused by . Dirofilariasis, caused by , has been reported to occur widely throughout Asia, Europe, and Africa.

Comparison of nonstructural protein-1 antigen detection by rapid and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test and its correlation with polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis of dengue.

Introduction: Early diagnosis of dengue is important for appropriate clinical management and vector control. Different serological tests based on the principle of immunochromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are commonly used for detection of antigen and antibodies of dengue virus. The performance of these tests depends on the sensitivity and specificity.

Emerging trends of nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care unit of a tertiary care public teaching hospital in Western India.

Background: Nosocomial pneumonia poses great challenge to an intensivist. Detailed information about hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP) is crucial for prevention and optimal management, thus improving quality Intensive Care Unit (ICU) care. Hence, we aimed to study the current trend of nosocomial pneumonia in ICU.

An Unusual Case of Live Caesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy: A Common Entity in an Uncommon Location.

Background: Scar pregnancy is an extremely rare type of ectopic pregnancy, where there is implantation of the gestational sac onto the anterior wall of the uterus at the site of previous LSCS scar in a multipara female. Due to a poor vascular supply to the lower uterine segment, caesarean scars may heal improperly predisposing it to be a site of improper implantation of the gestational sac.

Results: The characteristic features are empty uterus and cervix, gestational sac in the anterior part of lower uterine segment with a history of painless vaginal bleeding.

Detection of ofloxacin resistance by nitrate reductase assay in isolates from extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Context: Increased use of fluoroquinolones to treat community-acquired infections has led to the decreased susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. There is a paucity of data on ofloxacin (OFX) resistance detection by nitrate reductase assay (NRA). Hence, the present study was carried out to find the efficacy of NRA for detection of OFX resistance in M.

Mikulicz's Disease with hypophysitis - a new IgG4-mediated disorder.

Introduction: We present a case of Mikulicz's Disease with hypophysitis. This is a rare clinical association as part of the group of IgG4- related diseases, a group of disorders which can have multiorgan involvement.

Methods: A 55-year-old male patient was diagnosed with Mikulicz's disease.

Sleep Disturbances in Children with Attention - Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Comparative Study with Healthy Siblings.

Objectives: Sleep disturbances in children with ADHD impact their functioning and overall Quality of Life. This paper's purpose is to study the occurrence of sleep disturbances in children with ADHD, in comparison to their healthy siblings and further, within the ADHD group, to look for correlation between sleep disturbances and age, severity of symptoms, presentations of ADHD and illness parameters.

Methods: The parents of 120 children of age group between 5-16 years, (60 children diagnosed with ADHD as per DSM-5 criteria and 60 of their healthy siblings) consecutively enrolled from a hospital's Child Psychiatry Outpatient services were interviewed using Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and severity of ADHD symptoms was rated using ADHD - RS.

The burden of segregated respiratory diseases in India and the quality of care in these patients: Results from the Asia-Pacific Burden of Respiratory Diseases study.

Background: Chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and rhinosinusitis are becoming increasingly prevalent in the Asia-Pacific region. The Asia-Pacific Burden of Respiratory Diseases study examined the disease and economic burden of AR, asthma, COPD, and rhinosinusitis across the Asia-Pacific and more specifically India.

Objectives: To estimate the proportion of adults receiving care for asthma, AR, COPD, and rhinosinusitis and assess the economic burden, both direct and indirect of these chronic respiratory disease.