Hemophilic pseudotumor of the knee joint: Emphasizing prevention and early diagnosis in a rare disease.

Key Clinical Message: Hemophilic pseudotumors are rare complications occurring in individuals with severe hemophilia, characterized by progressive cystic swellings in muscles and/or bones due to recurrent bleeding. Timely initiation of factor VIII replacement is crucial.

Abstract: Hemophilic pseudotumors are rare complications occurring in individuals with severe hemophilia, characterized by progressive cystic swellings in muscles and/or bones due to recurrent bleeding.

Perceived needs of disease vector control programs: A review and synthesis of (sub)national assessments from South Asia and the Middle East.

Systems for disease vector control should be effective, efficient, and flexible to be able to tackle contemporary challenges and threats in the control and elimination of vector-borne diseases. As a priority activity towards the strengthening of vector control systems, it has been advocated that countries conduct a vector-control needs assessment. A review was carried out of the perceived needs for disease vector control programs among eleven countries and subnational states in South Asia and the Middle East.

Visceral leishmaniasis in the hills of western Nepal: A transmission assessment.

In Nepal, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been targeted for elimination as a public health problem by 2026. Recently, increasing numbers of VL cases have been reported from districts of doubtful endemicity including hills and mountains, threatening the ongoing VL elimination program in Nepal. We conducted a multi-disciplinary, descriptive cross-sectional survey to assess the local transmission of Leishmania donovani in seven such districts situated at altitudes of up to 1,764 meters in western Nepal from March to December 2019.

Effect of Weekly Text Messaging Reminders on Medication Adherence in Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern Nepal.

Background The short-message service (SMS) reminder techniques are found to be important in increasing medication adherence in non-communicable diseases. Objective To assess the effect of SMS on medication adherence in hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method An observational study was conducted in the outpatient department using a semistructured questionnaire.

Analgesic Efficacy of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block for Positioning During Spinal Anesthesia in Patients with Femur Fractures.

Background Positioning patients with femur fractures for spinal anesthesia is associated with excruciating pain. Fascia iliaca compartment block has the potential to block all nerves supplying the femur and therefore may provide effective analgesia during positioning these patients for spinal anesthesia. Objective To assess the analgesic efficacy of Fascia iliaca compartment block, during positioning patients with femur fracture for spinal anesthesia.

Duration of untreated psychosis and associated sociodemographic and clinical factors in first-episode psychosis: A study from Eastern Nepal.

Objective: Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is considered an important factor in outcome. Individual, familial and illness factors may prolong DUP. Little data on this issue is available from the country of Nepal.

Capacity for the management of kidney failure in the International Society of Nephrology South Asia region: report from the 2023 ISN Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA).

The South Asia region is facing a high burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with limited health resources and low expenditure on health care. In addition to the burden of CKD and kidney failure from traditional risk factors, CKD of unknown etiologies from India and Sri Lanka compounds the challenges of optimal management of CKD in the region. From the third edition of the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA), we present the status of CKD burden, infrastructure, funding, resources, and health care personnel using the World Health Organization's building blocks for health systems in the ISN South Asia region.

Effectiveness of pre-injection use of cryoanesthesia as compared to topical anesthetic gel in reducing pain perception during palatal injections: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Palatal injections are often painful. We aimed to compare topical ice and 20% benzocaine gel for pre-injection anesthesia before greater palatine nerve block (GPNB) injections.

Methods: A randomized split-mouth clinical trial was conducted among patients aged 15-60-years needing bilateral GPNB injections.

Ileocecal knotting as a rare cause of small bowel obstruction: a case report.

Introduction: Ileocecal knot syndrome, a rare cause of small bowel obstruction where the ileum wraps around the cecum, poses a significant challenge for preoperative diagnosis. Prompt intervention is crucial due to the risk of rapid bowel deterioration and increased mortality.

Case Presentation: A 45-year-old female presented with central abdominal pain associated with vomiting, abdominal distension, and obstipation.

Continuous versus interrupted anastomotic technique for the hepaticojejunostomy: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Interrupted sutures is the gold standard technique of hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) for bilioenteric anastomosis. This study compares the safety and early complications of continuous and interrupted suture HJ.

Methods: A prospective study involving all elective HJ between September 2019 and June 2021 was conducted.

Chorea as the only presenting clinical feature of rheumatic fever: a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Sydenham's chorea (SC), a major neurological manifestation of acute rheumatic fever (ARF), is commonly seen in young children and adolescents. It is characterized by rapid, unpredictable, involuntary, and nonpatterned contractions affecting mostly distal limbs. It can also be associated with clinical or subclinical carditis.

Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination: a study of 70 case reports.

Background And Objective: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) has been found to have some interesting association with vaccinations. This paper mainly focuses on exploring different associations between COVID-19 vaccination and GBS.

Methods: Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and Embase were searched using MESH terms for case reports published till 1 August 2023 from which 70 case reports were documented involving 103 individuals from 23 different countries.

Transient Horner's Syndrome: An Unusual Complication of Pneumothorax Treatment.

Horner's syndrome is a rare condition that results when there is an interruption of the sympathetic fibers that run from the stellate ganglion to the eye. The classic triad of Horner's syndrome includes unilateral ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis. Spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare condition that occurs when there is a sudden collapsed lung without any direct cause.

Self-medication prevalence and associated factors among adult population in Northern India: A community-based cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine self-medication prevalence and its associated factors.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban and rural catchment areas of Uttar Pradesh, India, among 440 adults using a pretested, semistructured questionnaire. The Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to determine the association of self-medication prevalence with various independent variables.

Morel-Lavallée lesion of the lumbosacral region: A rare case report and comprehensive review of the literature.

The presentation of a Morel-Lavallée lesion in the lumbosacral region following a road traffic accident is an uncommon clinical entity. Knowledge of this rare site of occurrence can help in early diagnosis and proper management.

Performance and preference of problem-based learning (PBL) and lecture-based classes among medical students of Nepal.

: PBL (problem based learning) is new active learning educational strategy that has been extensively tested and used in recent years. Patan Academy of Health Sciences (PAHS) is one of medical schools from Nepal, a Low Income Country (LIC) implementing PBL for undergraduate medical education. This study aims to compare PAHS students' understanding and knowledge retention when taught through PBL and lecture-based classes and compare students' perceptions of PBL and lectures in medical education.

Predictors to Intensive Care Unit admission among patient with coronavirus disease in Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, Nepal: A case-control study.

The clinical features of COVID-19 are vary widely, ranging from asymptomatic states or mild upper respiratory tract infections to severe pneumonia. Previous studies have shown that 20.0% of COVID-19 patients are hospitalized, out of which 10.

Emerging artificial intelligence-aided diagnosis and management methods for ischemic strokes and vascular occlusions: A comprehensive review.

Large-vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke is a promising field for the use of AI, especially machine learning (ML) because optimal results are highly dependent on timely diagnosis, communication, and treatment. In order to better understand the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) in relation to LVO strokes, its efficacy, and potential future applications, we searched relevant literature to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the topic. The databases PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were extensively searched for this review.

Prevalence of multimorbidity and its associated risk factors among population of Mechinagar municipality of Nepal.

Background: Multimorbidity is a group of conditions, it has significant impact on the population as a whole, resulting in lower quality of life, higher mortality, frequent use of medical services, and consequently higher healthcare costs. The objective of this study is to document the prevalence of common multimorbidity and its associated risk factors among population of Mechinagar Municipality.

Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted where selected multimorbidity were assessed in selected areas of Mechinagar municipality of Jhapa District .

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Intra-axial Gliomas With Histopathological Correlation in a Tertiary Care Center of Eastern Nepal.

Background and objective Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a magnetic resonance imaging technique used to identify in vivo metabolites non-invasively within the tissue of interest. It plays an important role in diagnosing brain lesions, particularly tumors and infections. There are certain metabolites whose levels are increased or decreased in brain tumors, the ratios of which can also be used to grade the tumors as high- or low-grade.

Subclavian steal syndrome.

Early recognition and diagnosis of subclavian steal syndrome are vital to avoid unnecessary investigations and ensure appropriate management. This case highlights the significance of comprehensive evaluation, including bilateral blood pressure measurement, in patients with unilateral symptoms.