Food habit, physical activity and nutritional status of adolescents in selected schools of Madhyapur Thimi municipality, Nepal: A cross-sectional study.

A dramatic rise in obesity is caused by unhealthy eating habits combined with lower levels of physical activity, and the under nutrition problem is still unresolved. Focusing on the nutritional needs of adolescents could be a significant step toward breaking the vicious cycle of malnutrition, chronic diseases, and poverty. This study aims to assess food habit, levels of physical activity and nutritional status of adolescents in Madhyapur Thimi Municipality, Bhaktapur.

A case of acute labyrinthitis due to intra-aural tick infestation: a case report.

Background: Intra-aural tick infestations, though uncommon, pose a serious clinical challenge owing to the risk of acute labyrinthitis-an inflammatory condition of the inner ear. This inflammation can lead to severe complications such as sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo, and facial nerve palsy. Prompt recognition and management are crucial to prevent these adverse outcomes.

Bullous Type 2 Lepra Reaction: A Rare and Significant Case Report.

Bullous type 2 lepra reactions are a rare initial presentation in leprosy that can complicate the disease with vesiculo-bullous lesions. Early recognition and differentiation from other bullous disorders are critical for timely corticosteroid and multidrug therapy initiation to improve patient outcomes.

Clinico-epidemiological study of snakebite: an audit of 13 years of data from a community-based treatment centre in eastern Nepal.

Background: Snakebite envenomation is a global public health concern, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. We describe the demography, presentations, treatments and outcomes of snakebites from a community snakebite treatment centre in Nepal.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of snakebite cases from 2008 to 2021 presenting in a community-based treatment centre in eastern Nepal.

Acquired Lymphangioma Circumscriptum of Vulva in a Patient With Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Rare Case at a Rare Site.

Lymphangioma circumscriptum, one of the common forms of lymphangioma, can be either congenital or acquired. Various acquired conditions can lead to its causation and one of the causes might be untreated hidradenitis suppurativa. So, this report highlights the need of early interventions for hidradenitis suppurativa as lymphangioma circumscriptum can be one of its consequences later in life.

The long-term impact of vaccine clinical research on national stakeholders involved: Experience from a low-income Country.

Clinical trials are the most rigorous scientific and regulated method to investigate the safety and efficacy of vaccines or drugs in pre-licensure stage. Clinical trial design and implementation are complex, time-consuming and involves close engagement with country's regulatory authority, clinical trial sites, investigators, and the healthcare system. Over the past few decades, a significant number of clinical trials have been conducted in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly in resource-limited settings.

Mobile health teleconsultation and telemedicine in operating outpatient departments during COVID-19 pandemic at a hospital in Eastern Nepal.

Background: Telemedicine provides a means to deliver healthcare across distances, enhancing efficiency and accessibility, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted its importance by reducing the risk of virus transmission while maintaining healthcare delivery. This study evaluates the telemedicine program implemented at B.

What will it take? Perspectives from five low- and middle-income countries on opportunities and challenges of introducing new maternal vaccines.

Background: New vaccines for pregnant women have recently been introduced in some high-income countries to protect infants in early life. Implementing maternal immunisation (MI) successfully in low- and middle-income countries will require planning and adaptations to immunisation and maternal health programs. To inform cost of MI delivery studies, we gathered perspectives from key stakeholders in five countries (Bangladesh, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, and Nepal) regarding health system requirements, opportunities, and challenges to introducing new maternal vaccines into routine health programs.

Gathering information on maternal immunization readiness in Bangladesh, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, and Nepal: Applying a WHO checklist.

New respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) maternal vaccines have begun roll out in some countries, with efforts in progress to broaden access worldwide and shorten the timeline to access for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Prior to new maternal immunization (MI) introductions, countries will need to evaluate their capacity and readiness for successful introduction. The World Health Organization's Maternal Immunization and Antenatal Care Situation Analysis (MIACSA) project (2016-2019) developed a checklist for countries to self-evaluate their capacity to introduce new maternal vaccines.

Exploring Hydrocele of the Canal of Nuck in a Mature Woman: Beyond the Norm.

Timely diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial in managing hydrocele of the canal of Nuck. A systematic approach, including thorough examination and appropriate imaging, followed by meticulous surgical technique, ensures successful treatment and favorable long-term outcomes for patients.

Prevalence of bacteriuria and treatment outcomes in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective observational study.

Introduction: The global incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is rising, with bacterial causes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) being a common factor contributing to complications in these patients.

Aim: To identify the prevalence of bacteriuria and treatment response in patients with symptomatic BPH.

Materials And Methods: This 1-year prospective study included all patients presenting with LUTS due to BPH who met the inclusion criteria.

Management of high-dose olanzapine poisoning in a young child under limited resource setting: a case report from Nepal.

Introduction: Olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic, is widely used for treating psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Accidental overdose in children is rare but can lead to severe clinical effects. This case report discusses the management of a 5-year-old male who accidently ingested 180 mg of olanzapine, the highest reported dose in a child around 5 year.

Clinical diagnosis and management of spinocerebellar ataxia in a resource-constrained setting: a case report from Eastern Nepal.

Introduction: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are a diverse group of neurodegenerative disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance, primarily affecting the cerebellum and its connections. Diagnosis typically involves genetic testing, but in resource-limited settings, clinical and neuroimaging assessments become critical. This case report highlights the role of nongenetic methods in diagnosing SCA and outlines management strategies in such settings.

Steroid-Induced Psychosis in a Child With Nephrotic Syndrome Secondary to Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Case Report.

Corticosteroid-induced psychosis is rare and less reported in children compared to adults. However, psychosis is considered a severe adverse effect of corticosteroids in pediatric nephrotic syndrome. Steroid-induced psychosis is dose-dependent and should be treated by tapering the dose of steroids and usually initiating an atypical antipsychotic.

Delphi definition of general practice/family medicine specialty for a post-COVID world: in-person and remote care delivery.

Introduction: The evolving landscape of general practice (GP)/family medicine (FM) in the post-COVID-19 era, focussing on integrating telemedicine and remote consultations requires a new definition for this specialty. Hence, a broader consensus-based definition of post-COVID-19 GP/FM is warranted.

Methods: This study involved a modified electronic Delphi technique involving 27 specialists working in primary care recruited via convenient and snowball sampling.

Routine Spironolactone in Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have been shown to reduce mortality in patients after myocardial infarction with congestive heart failure. Whether routine use of spironolactone is beneficial after myocardial infarction is uncertain.

Methods: In this multicenter trial with a 2-by-2 factorial design, we randomly assigned patients with myocardial infarction who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention to receive either spironolactone or placebo and either colchicine or placebo.

Identification and outcomes of acute kidney disease in patients presenting in Bolivia, Brazil, South Africa, and Nepal.

Background: The International Society of Nephrology proposes an acute kidney disease (AKD) management strategy that includes a risk score to aid AKD identification in low- and low-middle-income countries (LLMICs). We investigated the performance of the risk score and determined kidney and patient outcomes from AKD at multiple LLMIC sites.

Methods And Findings: Adult patients presenting to healthcare facilities in Bolivia, Brazil, South Africa, and Nepal were screened using a symptom-based risk score and clinical judgment.

"Behavioural and metabolic risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among post-menopausal women: A cross-sectional study in Itahari sub-metropolitan city of Nepal".

Background And Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are main cause of mortality and morbidity among women globally. Menopause, aging and different factors in collaboration leads to increased risk for CVDs among postmenopausal women but study on risk factors of CVDs among postmenopausal women is limited in Nepal. Therefore, we aimed to assess prevalence of behavioural and metabolic risk factors of cardiovascular disease among post-menopausal women.

Ascaris in infected pancreatic pancreatic necrosum: a case report of an intraoperative surprise.

Introduction And Importance: Ascariasis lumbricoides is a common gastrointestinal tract helminthic disease in developing countries and is also a cause of hepatobiliary and pancreatic disease in endemic areas of the world. Involvement of the pancreatic duct by worms and associated pancreatitis is less common than the hepatic and biliary involvement.

Case Presentation: A 38-year-old patient was admitted with a diagnosis of alcohol-induced acute pancreatitis and managed conservatively.

Integrated psychiatric and surgical care in managing self-inflicted abdominal trauma: a case report in a resource-limited setting.

Introduction And Importance: Self-inflicted abdominal stab wounds present rare yet critical challenges requiring urgent surgical intervention and comprehensive psychiatric evaluation. Such injuries often correlate with psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and alcohol dependence, posing significant clinical and psychological management hurdles.

Case Presentation: A 36-year-old male with a history of chronic alcohol use and schizophrenia presented with a self-inflicted stab wound to the abdomen following auditory hallucinations.

Leveraging telemedicine for enhanced maternal and perinatal care in rural Nepal: opportunities and challenges.

This article explores the potential of telemedicine to revolutionize maternal and perinatal healthcare delivery in rural Nepal, where access to medical facilities is limited. By utilizing telemedicine technologies like remote consultations, mobile health applications, and tele-ultrasound, the authors can overcome barriers to healthcare access and improve outcomes for expectant mothers and newborns. The paper assesses the opportunities presented by telemedicine interventions and addresses the challenges that must be addressed for successful integration into rural healthcare systems.

A young female's battle with toxic epidermal necrolysis induced by NSAIDs: a case report.

Introduction: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a rare but severe mucocutaneous reaction often triggered by medications or infections, characterized by extensive epidermal detachment and mucosal involvement. This condition poses a high risk of morbidity and mortality, requiring prompt recognition and treatment.

Case Presentation: An 18-year-old Asian female from eastern Nepal presented with nonitchy red spots, high fever, and significant discomfort following the administration of ibuprofen for minor sores.

A case of postpartum dermatomyositis with onset at three months: expanding the clinical spectrum.

Introduction And Importance: Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune disorder affecting all age groups, with a higher prevalence in women. Diagnosis typically occurs around age 40. Manifestation can be acute or chronic.