Consensus Competencies for Postgraduate Fellowship Training in Global Neurology.

Background And Objectives: Use a modified Delphi approach to develop competencies for neurologists completing ≥1 year of advanced global neurology training.

Methods: An expert panel of 19 United States-based neurologists involved in global health was recruited from the American Academy of Neurology Global Health Section and the American Neurological Association International Outreach Committee. An extensive list of global health competencies was generated from review of global health curricula and adapted for global neurology training.

Survival of Persons Living With HIV/AIDS: A Multicentric Study From India.

Background: It has been more than 17 years since the introduction of free ART in India. At this point, it would be prudent to look at the factors associated with the survival of persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLHA) who are already enrolled in the ART program.

Methods: PLHAs enrolled from antiretroviral therapy (ART) centers located in three different cities in India - Delhi, Pune and Kolkata, and were followed up at six monthly intervals monitoring the WHO stage, CD4 counts, complete blood counts, and liver and kidney function tests, for a duration of three years.

Giant Cell Tumor of the Proximal Fibula With Common Peroneal Nerve Neuropraxia.

Giant cell tumor (GCT) is among the commonest benign tumors and represents 5% of bone neoplasms. It is more common in young adults aged between 20 and 40 years. The distal femur is one of the most common sites, with the proximal tibia and distal radius the next frequently involved site, respectively.

Acute on Chronic Osteomyelitis of the Humerus - A Case Report on a Neglected Case of Chronic Osteomyelitis with Bone Cement In Situ.

Introduction: Chronic osteomyelitis is the bane of orthopedics. Along with being difficult to treat for surgeons, it also impacts the patient's life immensely, severely restricting their life in all the aspects. Treatment with antibiotic coated cement spacers, which are removed after a duration of 6-8 weeks for the definitive surgery, is a frequently done procedure in conjunction with an adequate debridement of the necrotic tissues and prolonged IV antibiotics.

An Early and Preliminary Assessment of the Clinical Severity of the Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants in Maharashtra, India.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants BA.2.74, BA.

Screening of Extended Family Members of Thalassemia Major Children as a Thalassemia Preventive Strategy.

Background: Thalassemia is considered as the most common single gene disorder worldwide. Preventive measures include identification of thalassemia carriers (traits) through screening, genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis to reduce the incidence. This study aims at estimating the prevalence of carrier status detection among the extended family members of children having thalassemia major so as to use it as a screening prevention strategy with appropriate counselling.

Management of Posttraumatic Posterior Elbow Defects by Nonmicrosurgical Reconstruction.

 Reconstruction of posterior defects is challenging due to the quality and uniqueness of the excess skin at the elbow that is durable, thick, pliable, and without much subcutaneous tissue. The goal of reconstruction is to cover the elbow defects with a durable skin cover that will facilitate full passive range of motion. In this era of microsurgery, free tissue transfer is feasible for almost any defect.

Google Classroom as a Teaching Tool for Undergraduate Embryology.

Context and aim Modern teaching of medicine has evolved into a beyond-the-classroom experience. Learning management systems (LMSs) have made this possible because of easy accessibility and user-friendliness. The COVID-19 lockdown further accentuated the need for this mode of education delivery.

International Residents' Perspectives on Education and Challenges in Microsurgery Training.

 Microsurgery remains an integral component of the surgical skillset and is essential for a diversity of reconstructive procedures. The apprenticeship also requires overcoming a steep learning curve, among many challenges. The method of microsurgical training differs depending on the countries' regions and resources of their health care system.

Simple Bone Cyst (Benign Osteolytic Lesion) of 1st Metacarpal: A Rare Case Report.

Introduction: A benign cystic lesion, the simple bone cyst (unicameral/essential bone cyst), it may be found in any long bone (most commonly found in femur and proximal humerus), usually in immature skeletal persons. Metacarpal simple bone cyst is an exceedingly rare occurrence and few treatment options have been described for the same.

Case Report: A 42-year-old manual laborer male (right hand dominant) came with history of trivial trauma to right hand thumb with hammer.

Symptomatic ACL mucoid degeneration in middle-age athletes.

Background: Mucoid degeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an uncommon non-traumatic cause of knee pain and motion restriction, typically seen in a middle-aged population. Primarily, the management consists of partial arthroscopic debridement and notchplasty, which has proven satisfactory clinical and functional outcomes.

Study Objectives: This review aims to highlight key clinical, radiological and arthroscopic findings of mucoid ACL degeneration, and also to provide an approach to manage a symptomatic middle-aged athlete.

A study of electrocardiographic and 2D echocardiographic changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without cardiovascular symptoms.

Context: Cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients are mostly asymptomatic due to autonomic neuropathy. Many patients with left ventricular dysfunction remain undiagnosed and untreated until advance disease causes disability. This delay could be avoided if screening techniques are used to identify left ventricular dysfunction in its preclinical phase.

Lepromatous leprosy as a presenting feature of HIV.

Various bacterial, mycobacterial and fungal opportunistic infections occur frequently in immunocompromised individuals, however, leprosy in retroviral disease is a relatively rare association. Hereby, we report a case of lepromatous leprosy that presented with clinical features mimicking other opportunistic infections and subsequently led to the diagnosis of HIV. The myriad challenges associated with the diagnosis and management of HIV-leprosy coinfection are also discussed.

Depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep disturbances in doctors and general population during COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: The aim of the study is to assess and compare depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep disturbances among doctors and general population during COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional, analytical, case-control, web-based study was conducted during September 2020 to examine the impact of pandemic on mental health. The participants completed basic sociodemographic questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS).

A phase 2/3, participant-blind, observer-blind, randomised, controlled study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of SII-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (COVID-19 vaccine) in adults in India.

Background: This phase 2/3 immunobridging study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Coronavirus Vaccine (Recombinant) (SII-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19), manufactured in India at the Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd (SIIPL), following technology transfer from the AstraZeneca.

Methods: This participant-blind, observer-blind study randomised participants 3:1 to SII-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) (immunogenicity/reactogenicity cohort) and 3:1 to SII-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or placebo (safety cohort). The study participants were enrolled from 14 hospitals across India between August 25 and October 31, 2020.

Triple Intussusception in an Adult-A Rare Presentation of Adenocarcinoma Ileum.

Intestinal intussusception is uncommon in adults. It occurs more often in the small intestine than in the colon. In adults, when small bowel intussusception occurs, it can be due to a malignant lead point.

Factors associated with mortality among moderate and severe patients with COVID-19 in India: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: Large data on the clinical characteristics and outcome of COVID-19 in the Indian population are scarce. We analysed the factors associated with mortality in a cohort of moderately and severely ill patients with COVID-19 enrolled in a randomised trial on convalescent plasma.

Design: Secondary analysis of data from a Phase II, Open Label, Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Convalescent Plasma to Limit COVID-19 Associated Complications in Moderate Disease.

Transanal Small Bowel Evisceration in a 3-Year-Old Victim of Motor Vehicle Accident.

Although motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) in children are common, pediatric rectal perforations secondary to MVAs leading to transanal evisceration of the small bowel are very rare. Herniation of bowel through breach in the rectal wall seen eviscerating through the anus is a surgical emergency requiring laparotomy and necessary surgical procedure. We report case of a 3-year-old boy, victim of run-over MVA accident, presenting with bilateral fracture shaft femur, fracture of the left humerus, and transanal small bowel evisceration.

A case control study to assess effectiveness of measles containing vaccines in preventing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children.

Currently, most licensed vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection are approved for adults and not for children. We conducted a test negative case-control study to assess the effectiveness of Measles Containing Vaccines (MCVs) against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Pune, India, in children who were ≥1 year and <18 years of age and were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The enrolled participants included 274 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases (216 vaccinated and 58 unvaccinated) along with 274 SARS-CoV-2 negative controls (265 vaccinated and 9 unvaccinated).

Burnout among Plastic Surgery Residents in India: An Observational Study.

 Burnout syndrome can be defined as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and perceived lack of personal accomplishment, all of which lead to decreased effectiveness at work. The Medscape burnout and depression report of 2018 suggests that the burnout range across various specialties ranges from 23 to 48%. There are no studies to assess the burnout among plastic surgery residents in India.