Long-term risk of mortality and loss to follow-up in children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Asia.

Objective: We described mortality and loss to follow-up (LTFU) in children and adolescents who were under care for more than 5 years following initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods: Patients were followed from 5 years after ART until the earlier of their 25th birthday, last visit, death, or LTFU. We used Cox regression to assess predictors of mortality and competing risk regression to assess factors associated with LTFU.

Comparative Evaluation of Mortality Predictors in Trauma Patients: A Prospective Single-center Observational Study Assessing Injury Severity Score Revised Trauma Score Trauma and Injury Severity Score and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II Scores.

Aim: This prospective cohort study aimed to compare the predictive accuracy of outcome (survival/death) among trauma patients using various prognostic scores.

Methods: Over 3 months, 240 trauma patients in a tertiary care hospital were assessed for demographic details, trauma characteristics, vital signs, Glasgow coma scale, arterial blood gas values, and lab markers. Injury severity score (ISS), revised trauma score (RTS), trauma and injury severity score (TRISS), and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) were applied at admission, 24 hours, and 48 hours post-admission.

Exploring the diversity of vaginal microbiota between healthy women and cervical cancer patients in India.

Cervicovaginal diversity has been reported as a predictive biomarker for cervical cancer risk. We recently reported the bio-therapeutic potential of vaginal probiotics from healthy Indian women against vaginal pathogens, isolated from the invasive cervical cancer (ICC) patients. The cervicovaginal microflora from cervical cancer patients has not yet been reported from Indian population.

Efficacy, Safety and Immunogenicity of Sun's Ranibizumab Biosimilar in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Phase 3, Double-Blind Comparative Study.

Introduction: The study aimed to evaluate comparability in terms of efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of Sun's ranibizumab biosimilar with reference ranibizumab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: This prospective, randomised, double-blind, two-group, parallel-arm, multicentre, phase 3 comparative study included patients with nAMD ≥ 50 years, randomised (in a 2:1 ratio) in a double-blind manner to receive 0.5 mg (0.

Intracranial hypotension with subdural hematoma after spinal anesthesia in obstetric patient: A rare but fatal complication.

Intracranial bleed in the form of subdural hematoma (SDH) with intracranial hypotension after spinal anesthesia for cesarean section is a rare condition with an incidence of around 1 in 5,00,000 obstetric populations. As its presentation is similar to post-dural puncture headache (PDPH), it can be misdiagnosed sometimes. Persistent headache for more than 5 days, vomiting, blurring of vision, and convulsion can guide the diagnosis of intracranial bleed.

A Split-Face Study to Evaluate Efficacy of Autologous Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin With Microneedling Against Microneedling With Normal Saline (Placebo Control) in Atrophic Acne Scars.

Background: Acne scars cause significant psychosocial stress. Despite a wide armamentarium, there is a constant search for an effective modality. Autologous injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) is a promising novel option in the management of atrophic scars.

An assessment of admission pattern and treatment outcomes of neonates admitted in centers under facility-based newborn care program in Maharashtra, India.

Background: Newborn period is the most vulnerable period of life. As the rate of decline in neonatal mortality was slow compared to infant mortality rate, improved neonatal health-care services were started in existing facilities under facility-based newborn care program.

Materials And Methods: A total of six special newborn care units at the district hospitals and 12 newborn stabilization units at the subdistrict/rural hospitals were included in the study.

Combination of autologous platelet rich plasma and hydroquinone 4% is more effective than hydroquinone alone in treatment of melasma: A split-face comparative study.

Melasma is a common acquired circumscribed hyper-pigmentary disorder involving sun-exposed areas, particularly face. The high frequency of recurrence renders the management more challenging. Autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) has promising potential in the treatment of melasma.

Cervicovaginal microbiota isolated from healthy women exhibit probiotic properties and antimicrobial activity against pathogens isolated from cervical cancer patients.

Abnormal cervicovaginal microbiota play an important role in HPV persistence and progression to cervical cancer. The present study aimed at isolating and identifying potential probiotics from vaginal swabs of healthy women and evaluating their activity against vaginal pathogens isolated from cervical cancer patients. Based on probiotic, acid-bile tolerance and antimicrobial properties, 13 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the healthy group were identified by MALDI TOF MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption and Ionisation, Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry).

Nuances of Arteriovenous Fistula Creation for Vascular Access in Hemodialysis.

With rising incidence and increased life expectancy of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the number of patients requiring hemodialysis has increased substantially. Vascular access is the lifeline for a patient on hemodialysis (HD), and an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the undisputed gold standard for HD access. An effective and long-lasting fistula serves to increase the life expectancy of ESRD patients and improves their quality of life.

Preparedness of primary and secondary health facilities in India to address major noncommunicable diseases: results of a National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS).

Background: The monitoring framework for evaluating health system response to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) include indicators to assess availability of affordable basic technologies and essential medicines to treat them in both public and private primary care facilities. The Government of India launched the National Program for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) in 2010 to strengthen health systems. We assessed availability of trained human resources, essential medicines and technologies for diabetes, cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases as one of the components of the National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS - 2017-18).

An epidemiological study of laboratory confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted in a tertiary care hospital of Pune, Maharashtra.

Background: India has reported more than 70,000 cases and 2000 deaths. Pune is the second city in the Maharashtra state after Mumbai to breach the 1000 cases. Total deaths reported from Pune were 158 with a mortality of 5.

Mucormycosis creeping along the nerves in an immunocompetent individual.

Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection, often life-threatening. We report an unusual case of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in an immunocompetent patient. A 23-year-old male presented with headache, speech disturbance and hearing difficulty for 4 weeks.

Assessment of Clinical and Radiological Parameters in Spinal Tuberculosis: Comparison between Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Negative Patients.

Study Design: Prospective comparative study.

Purpose: A prospective comparative analysis of 30 patients with spinal tuberculosis (15 human immunodeficiency viruses [HIV] positive and 15 HIV negative). We compared the clinical and radiological parameters of the two groups.

Flaps Based on Palmar Vessels.

The glabrous skin of the palm provides the best color and texture match for reconstruction of palmar aspect of fingers following the principle of reconstructing like with like. Few local axial and perforator flaps have been described of the palm for reconstruction of finger defects. This article reviews the various local flaps based on palmar vessels for digital reconstruction and shares the authors' experiences with similar flaps.

Methanol Poisoning.

Mortality associated with methanol has been of great concern time and again. The concurrence of cases from a particular area raises doubts about methanol as the culprit. Knowledge of the patho-physiological changes that occur in the body after methanol consumption is essential for all practicing doctors.

Molecular profiling of mucosal tissue associated microbiota in patients manifesting acute exacerbations and remission stage of ulcerative colitis.

Dysbiosis of intestinal microflora has been postulated in ulcerative colitis (UC), which is characterized by imbalance of mucosal tissue associated bacterial communities. However, the specific changes in mucosal microflora during different stages of UC are still unknown. The aim of the current study was to investigate the changes in mucosal tissue associated microbiota during acute exacerbations and remission stages of UC.

Histomorphological Spectrum of Duodenal Pathology in Functional Dyspepsia Patients.

Introduction: Functional Dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common causes of gastrointestinal symptoms aetiology of which is poorly understood.

Aim: To study duodenal histomorphological features and their relationship with () infection in patients of FD.

Materials And Methods: This case control study included 50 cases of FD patients selected according to Rome III criteria and 30 age and sex matched controls.

Laryngeal involvement with fatal outcome in progressive nodular histiocytosis: A rare case report.

Progressive nodular histiocytosis (PNH) represents a very rare type of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. It is characterized by progressive appearance of papules and nodules without spontaneous resolution. We report a 60-year-old patient with novel clinical features in the form of extensive noduloulcerative lesions, ichthyotic patches, and laryngeal involvement culminating in fatal outcome prior to therapeutic intervention.

A Randomized, Clinical Trial to Evaluate Efficacy and Tolerability of Trypsin:Chymotrypsin as Compared to Serratiopeptidase and Trypsin:Bromelain:Rutoside in Wound Management.

Introduction: Systemic enzyme therapy can play an important role in maintaining normal inflammatory processes within the body and thereby helps support and speed up healing. In the course of the anti-inflammatory action, enzymes degrade damaged cells and necrotic material and, through the inactivation of mediators and toxic products, they restrict the edema and pain.

Method: The study conducted at Grant Medical College, Mumbai, India was a clinical trial comparing the efficacy and tolerability of three oral enzyme treatment groups-oral tablets containing trypsin:chymotrypsin (TC) (Chymoral Forte), serratiopeptidase (S) 5 mg oral tablets, and oral enzyme tablets containing trypsin 48 mg, bromelain 90 mg, and rutoside 100 mg (TBR)-to evaluate their healing potential in surgical wounds after orthopedic surgery.