Nested multiplex PCR based detection of human papillomavirus in cervical carcinoma patients of North- East India.

Background: Persistent infection of one or more of about 15 high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), most commonly HPV types 16/18, has a significant role in cervical cancer initiation and progression. There are limited data available from north-east India about HPV prevalence though this region has high incidence rates of cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the HPV genotypes prevalent in cervical cancer patients of north-east India.

Primary dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of orbit--a rare entity.

Primary Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberance (DFSP) is a rare neoplasm of dermal origin. Though it is a locally aggressive tumor with high recurrence rate, however distant metastasis can also occur. Orbital DFSP is an uncommon phenomenon.

Vaginal vault carcinoma as second primary in a treated case of ovarian cancer.

Unlabelled: With the advances in the treatment of cancer, the chances of survival have increased today. The five-year relative survival rate is about 66%. With the increasing survival rate, it is important to identify the late effects of cancer and its therapy.

Extra mammary Paget's disease of the vulva.

Extra mammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare condition, which affects postmenopausal women. Wide local excision may not be appropriate in elderly patients with extensive disease. It is an uncommon malignant neoplasia with a high local recurrence rate.

Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva.

Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare, benign neoplasm occurring in 3(rd) to 5(th) decade of life that can be mistaken both clinically and on microscopy for several other conditions, it should be included as a differential diagnosis for any vaginal mass. These lesions have a predilection for female pelvic soft tissues, slow in growth, and are characterized histologically by a predominantly myxoid stroma and an abundance of thin and thick walled vascular channels. This is a deep soft tissue tumor, which as the name suggests, may have a locally aggressive course.

Embryonal carcinoma in androgen insensitivity syndrome.

Embryonal cell carcinoma is a rare clinical entity. We report a case of a 20-year-old patient who presented with lump lower abdomen for last two months with primary amenorrhea and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. Ultrasonography (USG) whole abdomen showed lower abdominal mass approximately 15×15×10 cm, probably neoplastic changes in intra-abdominal testis, with mild ascites, no uterus and ovaries.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the Northeastern states of India.

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a rare disease in most parts of the world, except for Southeast Asia, some parts of North Africa and the Arctic. It is mostly seen in people of Chinese origin. In India, NPC is also rare, except for the Hill States of Northeast India, particularly Nagaland, Manipur, and Mizoram.

Single stage Delto-pectoral flap cover for large defects following extensive neck dissection.

Bulky neck nodal disease with involvement of the overlying skin develops large post resection defects with skin loss following extensive neck dissection, that may not be suitable for primary closure. We describe a simple and easy to do procedure for cover of such large post surgical resection neck defects by using the Delto-pectoral flap as a single staged procedure.

Oncological emergencies--management guidelines for clinicians.

The authors in the present article have given a brief outline of oncological emergencies and discussed the management guidelines from clinical stand point.