" A stepped care model, with non-specialist workers (NSWs) addressing mental health of young people in urban vulnerable communities across the Mumbai metropolitan region in India.

Research on adolescent mental health in low and middle-income countries cites the paucity of human resources and emphasises non-specialist worker (NSW)-led counselling intervention within school and health-system platforms. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a transdiagnostic stepped care model, for delivering preventive psychological treatment to adolescents through NSWs in urban vulnerable community settings. Conducted in three such settlements in Mumbai and Thane districts of Maharashtra in India, this mixed-methods study engaged 500 young people, their parents and 52 NSWs.

Public health perspectives on mental health: Reflections from teaching.

The mental health discourse in India has been primarily viewed through a biomedical lens that often overlooks the cultural context and social inequalities. To ensure equitable access to preventive, promotive, curative, and rehabilitative mental healthcare, India needs practitioners who combine a social perspective with an empathetic approach. To address this need, we designed a course titled "Critical Perspectives on Mental Health" that aims to introduce the relevant perspectives and community-based approaches to mental health.

Role of visual brainwave entrainment on the resting state brainwaves of children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

The relationship between brainwave oscillations and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-related cognitive challenges is a trending proposition in the field of Cognitive Neuroscience. Studies suggest the role of brainwave oscillations in the symptom expressions of ADHD-diagnosed children. Intervention studies have further suggested the scope of brain stimulation techniques in improving cognition.

Paternal Alcohol Consumption and Childhood Malnutrition: A Community-based Participatory Case-control Study among Adivasis in Rural South India.

Background: Childhood malnutrition in India remains among the highest in the world. Adult alcohol consumption and severe malnutrition have increased among indigenous people in South India. However, the association between them is poorly understood.

Multivariate genetic architecture reveals testosterone-driven sexual antagonism in contemporary humans.

Sex difference (SD) is ubiquitous in humans despite shared genetic architecture (SGA) between the sexes. A univariate approach, i.e.

"I pray to God that greed never sets in": Community health workers' reflections on "care" during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Background: Care provision received renewed attention during the Covid-19 pandemic as several healthcare providers vied for the coveted title of "frontline warrior" while they struggled to provide care efficiently under varying health system constraints. While several studies on the health workforce during the pandemic highlighted their difficulties, there is little reflection on what "care" or "caring" itself meant specifically for community health workers (CHWs) as they navigated different community and health systems settings. The aim of the study was to examine CHWs' care-giving experiences during the pandemic.

Uncovering the secret weapons of an invasive plant: The endophytic microbes of .

Understanding plant-microbe interaction can be useful in identifying the microbial drivers of plant invasions. It is in this context that we explored the diversity of endophytic microbes from leaves of , an annual plant that is highly invasive in Kashmir Himalaya. We also tried to establish the role of endophytes in the invasiveness of this alien species.

Forging just ecologies: 25 years of urban long-term ecological research collaboration.

We ask how environmental justice and urban ecology have influenced one another over the past 25 years in the context of the US Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program and Baltimore Ecosystem Study (BES) project. BES began after environmental justice emerged through activism and scholarship in the 1980s but spans a period of increasing awareness among ecologists and environmental practitioners. The work in Baltimore provides a detailed example of how ecological research has been affected by a growing understanding of environmental justice.

The relational shift in urban ecology: From place and structures to multiple modes of coproduction for positive urban futures.

This perspective emerged from ongoing dialogue among ecologists initiated by a virtual workshop in 2021. A transdisciplinary group of researchers and practitioners conclude that urban ecology as a science can better contribute to positive futures by focusing on relationships, rather than prioritizing urban structures. Insights from other relational disciplines, such as political ecology, governance, urban design, and conservation also contribute.

Shifting forward: Urban ecology in perspective.

The world has become urban; cities increasingly shape our worldviews, relation to other species, and the large-scale, long-term decisions we make. Cities are nature, but they need to align better with other ecosystems to avoid accelerating climate change and loss of biodiversity. We need a science to guide urban development across the diverse realities of global cities.

Taming the terminological tempest in invasion science.

Standardised terminology in science is important for clarity of interpretation and communication. In invasion science - a dynamic and rapidly evolving discipline - the proliferation of technical terminology has lacked a standardised framework for its development. The result is a convoluted and inconsistent usage of terminology, with various discrepancies in descriptions of damage and interventions.

Economic costs of invasive non-native species in urban areas: An underexplored financial drain.

Urbanization is an important driver of global change associated with a set of environmental modifications that affect the introduction and distribution of invasive non-native species (species with populations transported by humans beyond their natural biogeographic range that established and are spreading in their introduced range; hereafter, invasive species). These species are recognized as a cause of large ecological and economic losses. Nevertheless, the economic impacts of these species in urban areas are still poorly understood.

A crazy ants' crazy form of reproduction: Causes and consequences.

The yellow crazy ant, or the long-legged ant, (formerly ) - named so for its meandering movements when disturbed, possibly owing to its long legs and antennae - is globallywidespread and currently classified as one of '100 of the world's worst invasive species' (Lowe 2000). This status is assigned to species that are non-native in a region and cause significant negative ecological and/or socioeconomic impacts, including declines in native biodiversity, changes in native ecosystem structure and function, and the breakdown of native biogeographic realms. Possibly, themost devastating and multipronged impacts of have been observed on island ecosystems, such as on Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean, where it impacted the entire island ecosystem by reducing arthropod, reptile, bird, and mammalian diversity on the forest floor and canopy, causing an 'invasional meltdown' (O'Dowd 2003).

Reflections on the design and application of 'Surveypura': a simulation-based pedagogical tool for quantitative research methods in public health and social sciences.

It has been reported from various contexts that learning quantitative methods for public health and social research is challenging for students. Based on our observations of these challenges, we designed a simulation-based pedagogical tool called Surveypura to support classroom-based learning of quantitative research methods. The tool includes a large illustration of a fictional village with 155 houses, alongside data for each of the households.

Accelerated eutrophication alters fish and aquatic health: a quantitative assessment by using integrative multimarker, hydrochemical, and GIS modelling method in an urban lake.

The ramifications of anthropogenic activities on the environment and the welfare of aquatic life in lakes worldwide are becoming increasingly alarming. There is a lack of research in the Indian Himalayas on fish biomarker responses to stressful aquatic conditions and the use of environmetric modelling in GIS. Our research evaluates the environmental health of urban lakes in multiple basins using multi-biomarker endpoints (13 features) in Schizothorax niger and hydrochemical characterization (9 features) of water.

Effect of Autonomy and Physical Activity on Self-Rated Health of Older Adults in India: Gendered Analysis Using Structural Equation Models.

The gendered expectations and responsibilities placed upon women can impede their ability to participate in social activities and engage in physical leisure pursuits, ultimately having a negative impact on their health. Our study investigates the mechanisms through which gender influences individuals' engagement with physical activity during free time and how this relates to self-rated health outcomes among adults aged 45 years or older living in India. Using cross-sectional analysis and Structural Equation Modelling, we analyzed data stratified by gender and age from the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India to examine these conceptual pathways.

Land cover and forest health indicator datasets for central India using very-high resolution satellite data.

Satellite imagery has been used to provide global and regional estimates of forest cover. Despite increased availability and accessibility of satellite data, approaches for detecting forest degradation have been limited. We produce a very-high resolution 3-meter (m) land cover dataset and develop a normalized index, the Bare Ground Index (BGI), to detect and map exposed bare ground within forests at 90 m resolution in central India.

Associations, unions and everything in between: contextualising the role of representative health worker organisations in policy.

Associations, unions and other organised groups representing health workers play a significant role in the development, adoption and implementation of health policy. These representative health worker organisations (RHWOs) are a key interface between employers, governments and their members (both actual and claimed), with varying degrees of influence and authority within and across countries. Existing research in global health often assumes-rather than investigates-the roles played by RHWOs in policy processes and lacks analytical specificity regarding the definitional characteristics of RHWOs.

Phosphorus-Induced One-Step Synthesis of NiCoS Electrode Material for Efficient Hydrazine-Assisted Hydrogen Production.

Rational control of the reaction parameters is highly important for synthesizing active electrocatalysts. NiCoS is an excellent spinel-based electrocatalyst that is usually prepared through a two-step synthesis. Herein, a one-step hydrothermal route is reported to synthesize P-incorporated NiCoS.

Recent advances in availability and synthesis of the economic costs of biological invasions.

Biological invasions are a global challenge that has received insufficient attention. Recently available cost syntheses have provided policy- and decision makers with reliable and up-to-date information on the economic impacts of biological invasions, aiming to motivate effective management. The resultant database is now publicly and freely accessible and enables rapid extraction of monetary cost information.

On Examining Residential Segregation in Rural Gadag, Karnataka, India: The Case of the Banjara .

Residential segregation of settlements on caste lines is common across Indian villages. Banjara settlements or tandas are an extreme form of residential segregation, rooted in colonial history and India's complex caste system, and an outcome of structural discrimination. This analysis examines the structural discrimination of tandas in the distribution of various infrastructure and compares it with the villages in proximity to it.

Fructooligosaccharide and Bacillus subtilis synbiotic combination promoted disease resistance, but not growth performance, is additive in fish.

Species diversification from major to minor carps for their sturdiness and initial higher growth, and also a quest for antibiotic-free aqua farming in the subcontinent, mandates search for and evaluation of alternatives. An experiment was performed to investigate the potential of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and Bacillus subtilis (BS) (alone or as synbiotics) in promoting growth and immunity against infections in Labeo fimbriatus fingerlings. Six iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets containing combinations of two levels of FOS (0% and 0.

Bumblebee flower constancy and pollen diversity over time.

Bees often focus their foraging effort on a few or even a single flower species, even if other equally rewarding flower species are present. Although this phenomenon-called flower constancy-has been widely documented during single foraging trips, it is largely unknown if the behavior persists over longer time periods, especially under field conditions with large temporal variations of resources. We studied the pollen diet of individuals from nine different colonies for up to 6 weeks, to investigate flower constancy and pollen diversity of individuals and colonies, and how these change over time.

Loss, Recovery and the Long Road Ahead: Tracking India's Informal Workers Through the Pandemic.

Drawing on results from a panel of 2778 workers interviewed during and after the 68-day hard lockdown imposed in India, the following study examines the livelihood impact of the pandemic and the extent of subsequent recovery or lack thereof. Focussing specifically on workers located in the informal economy, the study is a useful addition to the burgeoning body of work on the economic impacts of Covid-19 by providing an insight into the employment and earnings recovery of those located at the margins. These findings are spliced across socio-economic groups to showcase the differential impact of the pandemic on different demographics within the informal sector.

Labour Incomes in India: A Comparison of Two National Household Surveys.

Unlabelled: The COVID-19 pandemic created a need for high-frequency employment and income data. Policy-makers and researchers of developing countries typically have not had access to such data. In India, a new private high-frequency panel dataset has recently emerged as the dataset of choice for analysis of the economic impact of COVID-19.