Determining the Incidence of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Patients With Autoimmune Blistering Diseases Not Receiving Routine Prophylaxis.

Importance: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a potentially lethal opportunistic infection that primary prophylaxis can help prevent. The risk of prophylactic therapy must be weighed against the incidence of PCP in the patient population. Prophylaxis most frequently involves trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, with second-line therapies, including atovaquone, dapsone, and pentamide.

Prevalence of genital, oral, and anal HPV infection among STI patients in Italy.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a carcinogenic agent responsible for tumor development in many sexually involved tissues. We present a survey on the prevalence of HPV infection in a risk population for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The studied population was formed by 125 STI clinic attendees, who took part in a screening program on STIs.

Neuro sweet syndrome: a systematic review. A rare complication of Sweet syndrome.

Sweet's syndrome (SS) is an inflammatory disease characterized by fever, leucocytosis and distinctive skin lesions that histologically consist of a dermal infiltrate of neutrophils with nuclear fragmentation. Aseptic neutrophilic inflammation may occur also in other organs. Central nervous system involvement in SS, Neuro-Sweet's syndrome (NSS), is rare and reported especially among Asian patients.

Setting reference values in trichology.

Background: In clinical trichology, reference values are often arbitrary. The difficulty in setting them up depends mostly on the presence of the androgenetic alopecia (AGA) genotype in subjects with clinically unapparent forms. Prepubertal children, who lack 5α-reductase (a real indicator of the AGA phenotype), might provide reference values independent from AGA.

A retrospective study of cutaneous drug reactions in an outpatient population.

Background: Adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDR) are unexpected cutaneous changes occurring at drug dosages that are normally used for disease prophylaxis, diagnosis or treatment.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the clinical types of ACDR, the causative agents, the latency time between drug intake and onset of ACDR and the recovery time in an outpatient population.

Method: Ninety-five patients diagnosed with ACDR at the Department of Dermatology of the University of Genoa between 2003 and 2012 were retrospectively studied.

Transcription of TP0126, Treponema pallidum putative OmpW homolog, is regulated by the length of a homopolymeric guanosine repeat.

An effective mechanism for introduction of phenotypic diversity within a bacterial population exploits changes in the length of repetitive DNA elements located within gene promoters. This phenomenon, known as phase variation, causes rapid activation or silencing of gene expression and fosters bacterial adaptation to new or changing environments. Phase variation often occurs in surface-exposed proteins, and in Treponema pallidum subsp.

Dermatological consultations in an observation unit of an emergency department in Italy.

Background: Dermatological emergencies exist and should not be underestimated. On the other hand, many accesses to the emergency department (ED) of patients with dermatological conditions are unjustified.

Objective: Our main objective is to describe dermatological conditions seen in an ED observation unit (EDOU).

Bone morphogenetic protein/SMAD signaling orients cell fate decision by impairing KSRP-dependent microRNA maturation.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential regulators of development, physiology, and evolution, and their biogenesis is strictly controlled at multiple levels. Regulatory proteins, such as KSRP, modulate rates and timing of enzymatic reactions responsible for maturation of select miRNAs from their primary transcripts in response to specific stimuli. Here, we show that KSRP silencing in mesenchymal C2C12 cells produces a change in the transcriptome largely overlapping that induced by bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) signaling activation.