Establishing an Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Program.

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is a complex, life-saving procedure that uses mechanical support for patients with refractory cardiac arrest, representing the pinnacle of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) applications. Effective ECPR requires precise patient selection, rapid mobilization of a multidisciplinary team, and skilled cannulation techniques. Establishing a program necessitates a cohesive ECMO system that promotes interdisciplinary collaboration, which is essential for managing acute cardiogenic shock and severe pulmonary failure.

Multifaceted Aspects of Dysfunctional Myelopoiesis in Cancer and Therapeutic Perspectives with Focus on HCC.

Myelopoiesis provides for the formation and continued renewal of cells belonging primarily to the innate immune system. It is a highly plastic process that secures the response to external and internal stimuli to face acute and changing needs. Infections and chronic diseases including cancer can modulate it by producing several factors, impacting proliferation and differentiation programs.

Microenvironmental Traits of Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Adolescents and Their Prognostic Impact.

Background: Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) in adolescents between 15 and 18 years old shows a higher disease-related mortality, and the overall prognosis is worse than in both children and adults.

Objectives: We investigated the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) therapeutic targets and specific T-regulatory and cytotoxic T-cell subsets in the subgroup of adolescent cHL patients, and we challenged their prognostic power.

Methods: We retrieved formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of adolescent patients diagnosed with cHL and tested by immunohistochemistry the immune checkpoint molecules CTLA-4, LAG-3, PD-1, and PDL1 as well as the biological markers FOXP3 and CD8.

Intracystic Glucose Measurement for On-Site Differentiation Between Mucinous and Non-Mucinous Pancreatic Cystic Lesions.

Background: Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) are frequently detected incidentally and vary from benign to malignant. Accurate differentiation between mucinous (M-PCLs) and non-mucinous PCLs (NM-PCLs) is essential for appropriate management. This study aims to validate the accuracy of on-site glucose measurement using a glucometer with a cut-off of 50 mg/dL for distinguishing M-PCLs from NM-PCLs.

First-line immune-based combinations or sunitinib in favorable-risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a real-world retrospective comparison from the ARON-1 study.

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common types of urogenital cancer. The introduction of immune-based combinations, including dual immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) or ICI plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), has radically changed the treatment landscape for metastatic RCC, showing varying efficacy across different prognostic groups based on the International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) criteria.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter study, part of the ARON-1 project, aimed to evaluate the outcomes of favorable-risk metastatic RCC patients treated with immune-based combinations or sunitinib.

DNA methylation analysis from oral brushing reveals a field cancerization effect in proliferative verrucous leukoplakia.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to analyze the methylation status in patients who presented with an Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) concomitantly with multifocal Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia (PVL)(PVL-OSCC).

Methods: Nine patients with OSCC and concomitant PVL lesions were selected. Two brushing samples were collected simultaneously from OSCC and PVL lesions in contralateral mucosa from each patient.

PD-L1 and IFN-γ modulate Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cell plasticity associated to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-mediated hyperprogressive disease (HPD).

Background: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown remarkable clinical efficacy, they can also induce a paradoxical cancer acceleration, known as hyperprogressive disease (HPD), whose causative mechanisms are still unclear.

Methods: This study investigated the mechanisms of ICI resistance in an HPD-NSCLC model.

Exploring the competencies of nephrology nurses: A comprehensive scoping review.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents a significant global health challenge. Nephrology nurses, possessing specialized competencies, play an essential role in providing high-quality care to CKD patients.

Aim: This scoping review aims to comprehensively map and synthesize literature on the competencies of nephrology nurses worldwide.

Metastatic sites and clinical outcomes in renal cell carcinoma patients receiving immune-based combinations: the MOUSEION-08 study.

Immune-based combinations have significantly improved the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC); however, immunotherapy has reported varying degrees of efficacy across different metastatic sites, with liver and bone metastases traditionally considered more challenging to treat. In MOUSEION-08 study, we aimed to investigate the association between lung, liver, and bone metastases and clinical outcomes such as Overall Survival (OS) and Progression- Free Survival (PFS) in mRCC patients receiving immune-based combinations. The present systematic review and study-level meta-analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA).

Prognostic role of aetiological agent vs. clinical pattern in candidates to lead extraction for cardiac implantable electronic device infections.

Cardiac implantable electronic devices infections (CIEDI) are associated with poor survival despite the improvement in transvenous lead extraction (TLE). Aetiology and systemic involvement are driving factors of clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore their contribute on overall mortality.

The 36-week preeclampsia risk by the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm is associated with fetal compromise following induction of labor.

Background: Previous studies demonstrated that placental dysfunction leads to intrapartum fetal distress, particularly when an abnormal pattern of angiogenic markers is demonstrated at 36 weeks of gestation. Prediction of intrapartum fetal compromise is particularly important in patients undergoing induction of labor due to different indications for delivery, as this can be a useful in optimizing the method and timing of the induction.

Objective: To examine whether the risk of preeclampsia assessed by the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) algorithm (derived from a combination of maternal risk factors, mean arterial pressure, placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1), associates with the risk of intrapartum fetal compromise requiring cesarean delivery, in a population of singleton pregnancies undergoing labor induction for various indications.

Effect of autoimmune comorbidities on multiple sclerosis course: An observational multicenter study.

Background: The study aims to examine the age and disability levels at diagnosis in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), with and without autoimmune comorbidities (AC), and the effect of AC on NEDA-3 status and to characterize AC associated with MS, comparing also therapeutic approaches between MS patients with and without other AC.

Methods: This population-based, multicentric study enrolled patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) with AC (AC group) or without AC (reference group) from 14 MS centers. Demographical, clinical features, treatment information, MRI activity, EDSS, and no evidence of disease activity (NEDA-3) status were assessed at T36 (enrollment time) and T0 (36 months prior).

Report of the Italian Cohort with Activated Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase δ Syndrome in the Target Therapy Era.

Background: Activated Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) δ Syndrome (APDS), an inborn error of immunity due to upregulation of the PI3K pathway, leads to recurrent infections and immune dysregulation (lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity).

Methods: Clinical and genetic data of 28 APDS patients from 25 unrelated families were collected from fifteen Italian centers.

Results: Patients were genetically confirmed with APDS-1 (n = 20) or APDS-2 (n = 8), with pathogenic mutations in the PIK3CD or PIK3R1 genes.

Brexucabtagene autoleucel in-vivo expansion and BTKi refractoriness have a negative influence on progression-free survival in mantle cell lymphoma: Results from CART-SIE study.

Brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel) has revolutionized the treatment of patients affected by mantle cell lymphomas. In this prospective, observational multicentre study, we evaluated 106 patients, with longitudinal brexu-cel kinetics in peripheral blood monitored in 61 of them. Clinical outcomes and toxicities are consistent with previous real-world evidence studies.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in women: A forgotten cardiovascular risk factor.

Sleep-disordered breathing is a highly prevalent disorder with negative impact on healthcare systems worldwide. This condition has detrimental effects on cardiovascular health and quality of life, and is frequently associated with a variety of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes and atrial fibrillation. Nevertheless, it remains frequently undiagnosed and undertreated, especially in specific populations.

Prognostic factors and impact of management strategies for status epilepticus: The STEPPER study in the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy.

Objective: The STEPPER (Status Epilepticus in Emilia-Romagna) study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and treatment approaches of status epilepticus (SE) in adults of the Emilia-Romagna region (ERR), Northern Italy.

Methods: STEPPER, an observational, prospective, multicentric cohort study, was conducted across neurology units, emergency departments, and intensive care units of the ERR over 24 months (October 2019-October 2021), encompassing incident cases of SE. Patients were followed up for 30 days.

Comparing the different sets of item-diagnostic criteria of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R): a measurement-based approach driven by Rasch analysis.

Objectives: (1) to replicate the assessment of the internal construct validity of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) within the Rasch Measurement Theory framework using a larger multicenter sample size; (2) to compare the different sets of item diagnostic criteria against the measurement ruler constructed from Rasch analysis to understand how those criteria relate to the overall level of persons' consciousness.

Design: Multicenter retrospective study.

Setting: Seven centers.

State of the art of adjuvant immunotherapy in urothelial cancer: New developments and upcoming changes.

In recent years, several clinical trials focused on the potential role of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the adjuvant treatment of muscle-invasive urothelial cancer (UC). Heretofore, only the anti-programmed death protein 1 (anti-PD1) nivolumab received European Medical Agency (EMA) approval for cisplatin-unfit patients. In our work, we deeply analyzed the results of the three pivotal studies in view of the rapidly evolving therapeutic advanced UC's scenario.

An open-label, randomized phase III study of early switch maintenance vs delayed second-line nivolumab in advanced stage squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after standard first-line platinum-based chemotherapy-EDEN trial GOIRC 04-2016.

Background: As for squamous (Sq)-NSCLC, Checkmate-017 trial showed a significant overall survival (OS) improvement in favor of Nivolumab (Nivo) over Docetaxel in 2nd-line. We hypothesized that anticipating Nivo use, as early switch maintenance after 1st-line chemotherapy (CHT), might have improved survival as compared to delayed 2nd-line treatment.

Methods: EDEN was an open-label, 2-arm, phase III study which randomized (1:1) stage IIIB/IV Sq-NSCLC pts non-progressive after 1st-line platinum-based CHT, to receive early Nivo as switch maintenance (Arm A) or standard best supportive care followed by 2nd-line Nivo at disease progression (Arm B).

Prevalence of Mitral Annular Disjunction at Cardiac MRI: Results from a Multicenter Registry.

Purpose To determine the prevalence of mitral annular disjunction (MAD) in patients undergoing cardiac MRI for various clinical indications and to assess the association of MAD with arrhythmia, mitral valve prolapse (MVP), and myocardial alteration. Materials and Methods This study analyzed data from a retrospective observational registry of consecutive patients undergoing cardiac MRI for different clinical indications. Cardiac MRI examinations were performed from January 2019 to June 2019 at 13 Italian hospitals.