Morphology and Molecular Features of Rare Colorectal Carcinoma Histotypes.

Several histopathological variants of colorectal carcinoma can be distinguished, some associated with specific molecular profiles. However, in routine practice, ninety/ninety-five percent of all large bowel tumors are diagnosed as conventional adenocarcinoma, even though they are a heterogeneous group including rare histotypes, which are often under-recognized. Indeed, colorectal cancer exhibits differences in incidence, location of tumor, pathogenesis, molecular pathways and outcome depending on histotype.

A blended training programme for healthcare professionals aimed at strengthening territorial networks for the prevention and contrast of gender-based violence.

Objectives: a blended training programme combining residential meetings (de visu) and distance training course (DTC) have been developed in order to provide the key elements for prevention, individuation, and care of women victims of violence.

Design: the Project involved the identification and testing of a systematic methodology of blended training addressed to social and health operators of 28 Emergency Room (ER) Units in 4 Italian regions (Lombardy - Northern Italy, Lazio - Central Italy, Campania and Sicily - Southern Italy). Tuscany region (Central Italy) collaborated through experts in the field from the Grosseto Task Force.

Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase Has Prognostic Relevance in Treatment-Naïve Patients Affected by Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with Trisomy 12.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients with +12 have been reported to have specific clinical and biologic features. We performed an analysis of the association between demographic; clinical; laboratory; biologic features and outcome in CLL patients with +12 to identify parameters predictive of disease progression; time to treatment; and survival. The study included 487 treatment-naive CLL patients with +12 from 15 academic centers; diagnosed between January 2000 and July 2016; and 816 treatment-naïve patients with absence of Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) abnormalities.

The combination of complex karyotype subtypes and IGHV mutational status identifies new prognostic and predictive groups in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Background: Complex karyotype (CK) is a heterogeneous category with a negative impact in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Our group has recently reported that CK patients with major structural abnormalities (i.e.

The real-world effectiveness of natalizumab and fingolimod in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. An Italian multicentre study.

Background: Both natalizumab and fingolimod are highly effective in the treatment of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). In the absence of head-to-head trials, some observational studies have compared their efficacy with conflicting results.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of natalizumab and fingolimod in a cohort of RRMS patients in an observational, retrospective study.

Durability of different initial regimens in HIV-infected patients starting antiretroviral therapy with CD4+ counts <200 cells/mm3 and HIV-RNA >5 log10 copies/mL.

Objectives: Our aim was to investigate the durability of different initial regimens in patients starting ART with CD4+ counts <200 cells/mm3 and HIV-RNA >5 log10 copies/mL.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of HIV-infected patients prospectively followed in the ICONA cohort. Those who started ART with boosted protease inhibitors (bPIs), NNRTIs or integrase strand transfer inhibitors (InSTIs), with CD4+ <200 cells/mm3 and HIV-RNA >5 log10 copies/mL, were included.

Bipolar active fixation left ventricular lead or quadripolar passive fixation lead? An Italian multicenter experience.

Aims: About one-third of patients receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) are not responders, due to either patient selection or technical issues. Left ventricular quadripolar passive fixation leads (QPL) and bipolar active fixation (BAF) leads have been designed to ensure a targeted left ventricular stimulation area, minimizing lead dislodgments and phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS). The aim was to compare real-world safety and efficacy of BAF (Attain Stability, Medtronic Plc.

Disease activity assessment of rheumatic diseases during pregnancy: a comprehensive review of indices used in clinical studies.

Pregnancy requires a special management in women with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (RDs), with the aim of controlling maternal disease activity and avoiding fetal complications. Despite the heterogeneous course of RDs during pregnancy, their impact on pregnancy largely relates to the extent of active inflammation at the time of conception. Therefore, accurate evaluation of disease activity is crucial for the best management of pregnant patients.

Distribution of Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and Lipoprotein Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) across Lipoprotein Subclasses in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes.

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) may exert an important protective role by preventing the oxidative transformation of high- and low-density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL, respectively). The activity of both enzymes is influenced by lipidome and proteome of the lipoprotein carriers. T2DM typically presents significant changes in the molecular composition of the lipoprotein subclasses.

Discovery of Novel 1,3,8-Triazaspiro[4.5]decane Derivatives That Target the c Subunit of F/F-Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Synthase for the Treatment of Reperfusion Damage in Myocardial Infarction.

Recent cardiology research studies have reported the role, function, and structure of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and have shown that its opening plays a key role in the progression of myocardial cell death secondary to reperfusion. In this manuscript, we validated a new pharmacological approach as an adjunct to reperfusion in myocardial infarction (MI) treatment and describe the discovery, optimization, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of the first small-molecule mPTP opening inhibitors based on a 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane scaffold that targets the c subunit of the F/F-ATP synthase complex.

Reducing healthcare-associated infections incidence by a probiotic-based sanitation system: A multicentre, prospective, intervention study.

Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI) are a global concern, further threatened by the increasing drug resistance of HAI-associated pathogens. On the other hand, persistent contamination of hospital surfaces contributes to HAI transmission, and it is not efficiently controlled by conventional cleaning, which does not prevent recontamination, has a high environmental impact and can favour selection of drug-resistant microbial strains. In the search for effective approaches, an eco-sustainable probiotic-based cleaning system (Probiotic Cleaning Hygiene System, PCHS) was recently shown to stably abate surface pathogens, without selecting antibiotic-resistant species.

The Italian National External Quality Assessment Program in Cytogenetics: 4 years of activity (2013-2016) following the introduction of poor performance criteria.

Background: Italian External Quality Assessment (IEQA) Program in Cytogenetics, established in 2001 by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), covers both Constitutional and Oncohaematological diagnosis. In 2013, performance criteria were defined and adopted. In this paper, we present the data from the first 4 years of activity (2013-2016) following the introduction of performance criteria.

Levels of miR-126 and miR-218 are elevated in ductal carcinoma (DCIS) and inhibit malignant potential of DCIS derived cells.

A substantial number of ductal carcinoma (DCIS) detected by mammography never progress to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and current approaches fail to identify low-risk patients not at need of adjuvant therapies. We aimed to identify the key miRNAs protecting DCIS from malignant evolution, that may constitute markers for non-invasive lesions. We studied 100 archived DCIS samples, including pure DCIS, DCIS with adjacent IDC and pure DCIS from patients with subsequent IDC in contralateral breast or no recurrence.

Italian Multicenter Study on Accuracy of F-FDG PET/CT in Assessing Bone Marrow Involvement in Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Introduction: The present study investigated the utility of fluorine-18 (F) fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in assessing bone marrow involvement (BMI) compared with bone marrow biopsy (BMB) in newly diagnosed pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).

Patients And Methods: A total of 224 pediatric patients with HL underwent F-FDG PET/CT at staging. BMB or follow-up imaging was used as the standard of reference for the evaluation of BMI.

Changes in the Messenger RNA Expression of Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 in Healthy Infants According to Age.

Background:  Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are potentially useful indicators of several pediatric disease states. Here, we explore the mechanisms by which inflammation is regulated by interactions between microbiota and the host. Little data are available regarding the expression of TLRs in postnatal healthy infants.

Small Vessel Disease Is Associated with Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-4 After Ischaemic Stroke.

Small vessel disease (SVD) is frequent in aging and stroke patients. Inflammation and remodeling of extracellular matrix have been suggested as concurrent mechanisms of SVD. We investigated the relationship between imaging features of SVD and circulating metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in patients with ischaemic stroke.

Prospective Observational Study on acute Appendicitis Worldwide (POSAW).

Background: Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common surgical disease, and appendectomy is the treatment of choice in the majority of cases. A correct diagnosis is key for decreasing the negative appendectomy rate. The management can become difficult in case of complicated appendicitis.

Bivalirudin or Heparin in Patients Undergoing Invasive Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes.

Background: Contrasting evidence exists on the comparative efficacy and safety of bivalirudin and unfractionated heparin (UFH) in relation to the planned use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs).

Objectives: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin compared with UFH with or without GPIs in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent invasive management.

Methods: In the MATRIX (Minimizing Adverse Haemorrhagic Events by Transradial Access Site and Systemic Implementation of AngioX) program, 7,213 patients were randomly assigned to receive either bivalirudin or UFH with or without GPIs at discretion of the operator.