Phyto-mediated fabrication of silver nanoparticles from Scrophularia striata extract (AgNPs-SSE): a potential inducer of apoptosis in breast cancer cells.

Background: Breast carcinoma stands out as the most widespread invasive cancer and the top contributor to cancer-related mortality in women. Nanoparticles have emerged as promising tools in cancer detection, diagnosis, and prevention. In this study, the antitumor and apoptotic capability of silver nanoparticles synthesized through Scrophularia striata extract (AgNPs-SSE) was investigated toward breast cancer cells.

Association Between Metabolomics Findings and Brain Hypometabolism in Mild Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition with rising prevalence due to the aging global population. Existing methods for diagnosing AD are struggling to detect the condition in its earliest and most treatable stages. One early indicator of AD is a substantial decrease in the brain's glucose metabolism.

Endurance training and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) inhibition combination is superior to each one alone in attenuating hyperketonemia/ketoacidosis in diabetic rats.

Objectives: While ketone bodies are not the main heart fuel, exercise may increase their uptake. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of 6-week endurance training and Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 )PDK4( inhibition on ketone bodies metabolism in the heart of diabetic rats with emphasis on the role of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator PGC-1alpha (PGC-1α).

Materials And Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups: healthy control group (CONT), endurance training group (TRA), diabetic group (DM), DM + EX group, Dichloroacetate (DCA) group, DM + DCA group, TRA + DCA group, and DM + TRA + DCA group.

Computed Tomographic Anatomy of the Head in Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus).

Background: Nowadays, computed tomography (CT) scanning is one of the most practical and precise diagnostic imaging methods that can be utilized to evaluate the head in birds.

Objectives: This study aimed to present the normal anatomical data of the head of the cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) using the CT method. In this research, the features of this bird's head were investigated in terms of bones, joints, muscles, sinuses and other constituent tissues.

White noise's effect on premature infants' physiological parameters during peripheral intravenous catheter insertion.

Background: Early and continuous exposure to painful stimuli in premature infants leads to short-and long-term complications. Listening to white noise is an accessible and inexpensive non-invasive method that can be used as a safe nursing intervention in hospitals. This study aimed to assess white noise's effect on premature Infants' physiological parameters during peripheral intravenous catheter insertion.

Which combination of medical expulsive therapy is more effective for treatment of distal ureteral stone in adults? A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Medical Expulsive Therapy (MET) has been recommended as an established modality for the treatment of distal ureteral stones due to its clearance rate, pain control, and patient satisfaction while having minimal morbidity in comparison to other urologic interventions. In some studies, a combination of medications has been used, which we assessed in this network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods: We conducted systematic searches in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify relevant trials published between 2001 and 2024.

Prediction of the transient coolant jet released from the nose cone at supersonic flow via machine learning.

In this paper, the usage of a predictive surrogate model for the estimate of flow variables in the transient phase of coolant injection from the nose cone by combining the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) technique. The velocity, pressure, and mass fraction of the counterflow jet is evaluated via this hybrid technique and the source of discrepancy of a predictive surrogate model with Full order model is explained in this study. The POD modes for the efficient prediction of the different flow variables are defined.

The association between age at menarche (AAM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in the MASHAD cohort study.

Age at menarche may be associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors in different ethnic groups. The purpose of this study was to identify the association of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors with age at menarche (AAM) in Mashhad, the second biggest city in Iran. This was a cross- sectional study based on cohort data of 2353 women (35-65 years) from Mashhad, Iran for whom the age at menarche was reported.

Interplay of Tetrel, Hydrogen, and Halogen Bonds in FGeOCl and HCN Complexes: A Comprehensive Theoretical Study of Dimers, Trimers, and Tetramers.

This study investigates the nature and interplay of noncovalent interactions (NCIs)─tetrel bonds (TB), hydrogen bonds (HB), and halogen bonds (XB)─in molecular assemblies formed between trifluorogermyl hypochlorite (FGeOCl) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Using a combination of high-level computational methods, we explored the geometric, energetic, and electronic properties of dimers, trimers, and tetramers formed in different molar ratios of interacting reagents. Various analyses reveal a significant cooperativity between TB and HB, which mutually reinforce each other, while XB interactions are diminished in the presence of TB and HB.

Thiosemicarbazone Complexes and 6-MP Suppress Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia via the NOTCH Signaling Pathway and Regulation of LUNAR1 and NALT1 lncRNA.

Background: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of leukemia among children. There are several types of drugs that are common in treating and controlling leukemia, including 6-M. Moreover, the anti-cancer effects of the Thiosemicarbazone-Ni complex were surveyed as well as 6-MP.

The effect of combined low-level nd: YAG laser with mesenchymal stem cells in the healing of diabetic wounds: an experimental study.

Although the role of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSC) in accelerating diabetic wound healing has been proven, their synergistic effect is still debated. This study aimed to evaluate the individual and combined effects of LLLT and hADSC on wound healing and on biomechanical parameters in type 2 diabetic rabbits. In this experimental study, 40 rabbits with type 2 diabetes (induced by streptozotocin (STZ)) were included.

DNA vaccines as promising immuno-therapeutics against cancer: a new insight.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality around the world and most of our conventional treatments are not efficient enough to combat this deadly disease. Harnessing the power of the immune system to target cancer cells is one of the most appealing methods for cancer therapy. Nucleotide-based cancer vaccines, especially deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) cancer vaccines are viable novel cancer treatments that have recently garnered significant attention.

Supercritical fluid extraction and encapsulation of Rivas () flower: Principal component analysis (PCA).

Supercritical CO modified by polar solvents can extract a wide variety of polar and non-polar chemical components compared to conventional methods. The current study aims to extract Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower using the ethanol modified supercritical CO (SCO-EOH) method; analyze its chemical compounds and bioactivity, encapsulate the extract in maltodextrin, gum-Arabic (GA), and their combination (GA + MD) using the spray drying method and investigate the differences among microparticles using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The Rivas extract obtained by the SCO-EOH method was a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids (mainly linoleic acid: 57.

A state-of-the-art review of the recent advances of theranostic liposome hybrid nanoparticles in cancer treatment and diagnosis.

Theranostics is a way of treating illness that blends medicine with testing. Specific characteristics should be present in the best theranostic agents for cancer: (1) the drugs should be safe and non-toxic; (2) they should be able to treat cancer selectively; and (3) they should be able to build up only in the cancerous tissue. Liposomes (LPs) are one of the most efficient drug delivery methods based on nanotechnology.

The effect of a comprehensive intervention on anthropometric indices, dietary intake, and physical activity of adolescent boys with overweight.

Background: Non-communicable diseases in adulthood are reported to be strongly associated with adolescent obesity. The present study aimed to assess the effect of a comprehensive lifestyle modification intervention on the anthropometric indices, dietary intake, and physical activity of adolescent boys with overweight.

Methods: This pragmatic trial was conducted on 126 adolescent boys with overweight.

A fractal-fractional order modeling approach to understanding stem cell-chemotherapy combinations for cancer.

The main objective of this work is to study the mathematical model that combines stem cell therapy and chemotherapy for cancer cells. We study the model using the fractal fractional derivative with the Mittag-Leffler kernel. In the analytical part, we study the existence of the solution and its uniqueness, which was studied based on the fixed point theory.

Encapsulation of walnut husk and pomegranate peel extracts by alginate and chitosan-coated nanoemulsions.

Walnut husk extract (WHE) and pomegranate peel extract (PPE) were produced through ultrasound-assisted extraction. Total phenol, flavonoid and tannin contents (TPC, TFC and TTC), antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were determined. The best extracts were used for production of alginate (Alg) and chitosan (CS)-coated nanoemulsions containing WHE (NWHE) or PPE (NPPE).

Development of electrospun whey protein isolate nanofiber mat for omega-3 nanoencapsulation: Microstructural and physical property analysis.

This study aimed to develop bead-free nanofibers for effective omega-3 encapsulation using optimal mixing ratios of whey protein isolate (WPI)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blends via electrospinning method. Various WPI-PVA ratios (100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 v/v) were examined for surface tension, viscosity, and conductivity. SEM images revealed uneven nanofibers with bead at 90:10 and 80:20 ratios, while the 70:30 ratio produced uniform and bead-free nanofibers with an average diameter of 262.

Carvacrol attenuates varicocele-induced infertility in rats.

Carvacrol is a common ingredient in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and perfume industries. It possesses various pharmaceutical properties including pain relief, anti-cell death, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the protective impact of carvacrol on infertility caused by varicocele in rats.

Emerging Frontiers in Colorectal Cancer Therapy: From Targeted Molecules to Immunomodulatory Breakthroughs and Cell-Based Approaches.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, necessitating urgent advancements in therapeutic approaches. The emergence of groundbreaking therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapies, oncolytic viruses, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, marks a transformative era in oncology. These innovative modalities, tailored to individual genetic and molecular profiles, hold the promise of significantly enhancing patient outcomes.

Correlation among blastocoel fluid DNA level, apoptotic genes expression and preimplantation aneuploidy.

It is believed that aneuploid embryos release cell-free DNA (cfDNA) into the blastocyst cavity during the self-correction process through the apoptotic mechanism. This study aimed to develop less invasive methods for predicting ploidy status by investigating how ploidy status affects blastocoel fluid DNA (BF-DNA) levels and apoptotic gene expression as indicators of embryo viability. Human blastocysts were classified into three groups; Survivable Embryo (SE), Fatal Single and double Aneuploidy (FSDA), and Multiple Aneuploidy (MA) using array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) by trophectoderm (TE) biopsy.

Correction: A comparative review on the mitigation of metronidazole residues in aqueous media using various physico-chemical technologies.

Correction for 'A comparative review on the mitigation of metronidazole residues in aqueous media using various physico-chemical technologies' by Moosa Es'haghi , , 2024, , 7294-7310, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4AY01502A.

Unusual cholesterol crystal formation in a rare clinical case report of splenic echinococcal cyst in a patient from Sardinia, Italy.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by sensu lato, the metacestode of a tapeworm parasite of high medical importance. Infection of the parasite leads to the development of echinococcal cysts, and the spleen is a rarely infected organ. A 46-year-old woman who was born and who resides in Sardinia, Italy, was referred to the Echinococcosis outpatient clinic at the University Hospital of Sassari (Sardinia, Italy) for a pain in the left flank.

Practical Steps to Design Brucellosis Preventive Interventions: An Intervention Mapping Approach.

Background And Aims: Common diseases between humans and animals are one of the health problems of countries, which requires targeted intervention. The intervention mapping model provides guidance for choosing the most appropriate methods and applications. Since one of the most important challenges in the endemic areas of Iran is the control of brucellosis.

Efficacy of Cevimeline on Xerostomia in Sjögren's Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: Xerostomia, or dry mouth, is a common and debilitating symptom in patients with Sjögren's syndrome, affecting their quality of life. Although Cevimeline, a muscarinic agonist, has been investigated as a potential treatment, its efficacy and optimal dosage remain uncertain. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Cevimeline in relieving xerostomia in patients with Sjögren's syndrome by a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCT).