Could the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and pronated feet affect the plantar pressure variables and muscular activity during running? A comparative study.

The unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction can create asymmetry in vertical ground reaction force and muscle activities, which could be amplified by pronated feet. The study compared plantar pressure variables, amplitude, and muscular frequency in individuals with pronated feet and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (PF/ACLR) versus control during running. As part of a cross-sectional study, 15 individuals with PF/ACLR (aged 23.

A comprehensive investigation of the associations between tensor-based morphometry indices and executive functions, memory, language, and visuospatial abilities in patients in the Alzheimer's disease continuum.

Objectives: Based on the literature, tensor-based morphometry (TBM) parameters were related to neurocognitive functions such as memory, learning, language ability, and executive functions. The present study aims to evaluate the associations between TBM indices with executive functions, memory, language, and visuospatial abilities and the value of TBM in the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among individuals with Alzheimer's disease continuum and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

Methods: The authors used ADNI-memory (ADNI-MEM), ADNI-executive functions (ADNI-EF), ADNI-language (ADNI-LAN), and ADNI-visuospatial (ADNI-VS) composite scores.

Metformin and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: implications for cancer, cardiovascular, and central nervous system diseases.

Recent findings have brought our understanding of diseases at the molecular level, highlighting upstream intracellular pathways as potential therapeutic targets. The PI3K/AKT pathway, a key regulator of cellular responses to environmental changes, is frequently altered in various diseases, making it a promising target for intervention. Metformin is the most known anti-diabetic agent that is known due to its effects on cancer, inflammatory-related diseases, oxidative stress, and other human diseases.

Is the prevalence of risk factors, clinical presentations and severity of coronary artery diseases (CAD) in patients with very early and premature CAD are different from mature CAD patients?: A registry- based cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The present study aims to compare the risk factors, clinical presentation, and severity of coronary artery involvement in young compared to elderly CAD patients to assess the cardiovascular health status for better disease management and control of these specific patients.

Methods: This registry-based cross-sectional study was conducted using Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (CAAR) patients in east of Tehran, Iran. The data were extracted from 330 patients with confirmed CAD recorded by the CAAR during July 2021 to August 2023.

Discovery of Late Mississippian (late Serpukhovian)-Early Pennsylvanian (earliest Bashkirian?) foraminiferal assemblages from the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone, Iran: Biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental implications.

This study reports the new discovery of relatively abundant foraminiferal faunas from the upper Serpukhovian-lowermost Bashkirian? of the Ghaleh Formation in the Shahreza region of the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone, Iran. Four successive assemblages spanning the upper Serpukhovian-lowermost Bashkirian? are proposed: (1) Assemblage with and ; (2) Assemblage with ; (3) Assemblage with and spp., (4) Assemblage with ex gr.

The role of resveratrol in neurogenesis: a systematic review.

Context: Resveratrol (RV) is a natural compound found in grapes, wine, berries, and peanuts and has potential health benefits-namely, neurogenesis improvement. Neurogenesis, which is the process through which new neurons or nerve cells are generated in the brain, occurs in the subventricular zone and hippocampus and is influenced by various factors. RV has been shown to increase neural stem cell proliferation and survival, improving cognitive function in hippocampus-dependent tasks.

Unraveling the therapeutic efficacy of resveratrol in Alzheimer's disease: an umbrella review of systematic evidence.

Context: Resveratrol (RV), a natural compound found in grapes, berries, and peanuts, has been extensively studied for its potential in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). RV has shown promise in inhibiting the formation of beta-amyloid plaques (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), protecting against neuronal damage and oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, promoting neuroprotection, and improving the function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, conflicting results have been reported, necessitating a comprehensive umbrella review of systematic reviews to provide an unbiased conclusion on the therapeutic effectiveness of RV in AD.

Comparative analysis of endocrown fracture resistance and marginal adaptation: CAD/CAM technology using lithium disilicate vs. zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics.

Aims: The present study aimed to compare the fracture resistance and marginal adaptation of endocrowns fabricated using lithium disilicate (LDS) and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate 9ZLS) ceramics by the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology.

Materials And Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, 24 extracted mandibular first molars received standard endocrown preparation and were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 12) for the fabrication of endocrowns with ZLS (Suprinity) and LDS (IPS e.max CAD) ceramics.

Respond quickly and effectively! Components of the military health surveillance system in natural disasters: A qualitative study.

Background: The systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data by health surveillance systems provide timely and comprehensive surveillance of public health, identification health priorities, and, consequently, a quick and timely response to reduce damage during natural disasters. Since military forces appear as first responders at the scene of accidents, the present study aimed to identify the components of the military health care system during natural disasters.

Materials And Method: Qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews were analyzed via the conventional content analysis approach to identify the components of the military health care system in natural disasters.

Developing post-stroke psychometric properties for an Adherence to rehabilitation regimen scale: A sequential exploratory mixed-method study.

Introduction: Adherence to rehabilitation in patients post-stroke plays a significant role in the effectiveness of rehabilitation and patient recovery. This study aimed to design and determine the psychometric properties of a scale for measuring adherence to the rehabilitation regimen in patients post-stroke in the Iranian community.

Methods: The present study used a sequential exploratory mixed method and was conducted in two phases (phase one qualitative and phase two quantitative).

Comparison of low-level laser therapy and standard treatment for temporomandibular disorders: An assessment of therapeutic and placebo effects.

Background: Despite extensive research on the use of low-power lasers for TMD treatment, the extent of their effectiveness remains uncertain.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic or placebo effect of LLLT for TMD, and to compare it with standard treatment methods. A unique aspect of this study was the inclusion of a control group that received only standard treatment, allowing for an assessment of the placebo effect of LLLT.

Effect of misoprostol versus oxytocin on delivery outcomes after labour induction in pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

A large number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been published on the effects of oral/vaginal misoprostol and oxytocin on delivery outcomes; however, data from these RCTs are conflicting. Although some meta-analyses summarized available findings in this regard, several eligible RCTs have been published since the release of those meta-analyses. Therefore, the current updated systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs was conducted to compare the effects of oral/vaginal misoprostol and oxytocin on delivery and neonatal outcomes.

Comparison of different urinary diversions after radical cystectomy in Iran: Assessment of health-related quality of life and financial burden in a Middle Eastern country.

Objectives: To compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL), cost-effectiveness, and survival among different types of urinary diversion (UD) utilized after radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer with consideration of the unique economic and cultural context in Iran.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective study, we examined all patients who underwent RC from May 2017 to December 2021 at two specialized centers by the same surgical team. Patients were grouped based on their UD.

Healthy beverage index could decrease odds of metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study.

Some studies indicated that sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) were related to MetS risk, and others found no relationship between MetS and SSBs. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between healthy beverage index (HBI) and MetS in Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study was performed on baseline data FASA cohort.

Carvacrol Exerts Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Oxidative Stress and Hepatoprotective Effects Against Diclofenac-Induced Liver Injury in Male Rats.

Background: Diclofenac (DIC) is an NSAID that can cause toxic effects in animals and humans and carvacrol (CAR) is a monoterpene compound that displays effective pharmacological and biological actions. The purpose of this work was to assess the influences of CAR on DIC-induced liver injury and oxidative stress in male rats.

Methods: The male Wistar rats were segregated into four groups.

Enhancement of cisplatin-induced apoptosis by saffron in human lung cancer cells.

Background: Cisplatin is a prevalent chemotherapeutic agent, and it has been used extensively to treat lung cancer. However, its clinical efficacy is hampered by its safety profile and dose-limiting toxicity. Saffron is a natural product that has shown significant anticancer effects.

Sildenafil Vs. Tadalafil for The Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Single-arm Self-controlled Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and adverse events of sildenafil monotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with its FDA-approved counterpart, tadalafil.

Materials And Methods: In this single-arm self-controlled clinical trial, 33 patients were enrolled. All patients underwent a 6-week treatment with sildenafil, followed by a 4-week washout period and finally a 6-week treatment with tadalafil.

A fragment-based drug discovery developed on ciclopirox for inhibition of Hepatitis B virus core protein: An in silico study.

The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein is an attractive target for preventing capsid assembly and viral replication. Drug repurposing strategies have introduced several drugs targeting HBV core protein. This study used a fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) approach to reconstruct a repurposed core protein inhibitor to some novel antiviral derivatives.

In Vitro Comparison of Fracture Resistance of Severely Damaged Primary Anterior Teeth Restored with Different Post and Core Systems.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the fracture resistance (FR) of severely damaged primary anterior teeth restored with five different post and core systems.

Materials And Methods: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 60 extracted primary maxillary central incisors. The teeth were horizontally sectioned at 1 mm above their cementoenamel junction (CEJ), underwent pulpectomy, and their root canals were filled with Metapex paste.

Comparison of AstraZeneca and sinopharm vaccines as boosters in protection against COVID-19 infection.

Background: As the global number of confirmed cases rises past 640 million, vaccination remains the most effective measure in controlling COVID-19. Studies have shown that two doses of vaccination can significantly reduce hospitalization and mortality rates among patients, but the effectiveness of booster doses is also important. We aimed to evaluate the role played by the type of the 3rd dose of vaccination by comparing the safety and efficacy of two common vaccination histories differing only in the 3rd received dose.

The functional role of circular RNAs in the pathogenesis of retinoblastoma: a new potential biomarker and therapeutic target?

Retinoblastoma (RB) is a common cancer in infants and children. It is a curable disease; however, a delayed diagnosis or treatment makes the treatment difficult. Genetic mutations have a central role in the pathogenesis of RB.

Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer.

Targeted therapy is a new cancer treatment approach, involving drugs that particularly target specific proteins in cancer cells, such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) which are involved in promoting growth and proliferation, Therefore inhibiting these proteins could impede cancer progression. An understanding of RTKs and the relevant signaling cascades, has enabled the development of many targeted drug therapies employing RTK inhibitors (RTKIs) some of which have entered clinical application. Here we discuss RTK structures, activation mechanisms and functions.