Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Pediatrics: Incidence and Guideline Adherence-a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in pediatric patients is a common and clinically significant postoperative complication. The incidence of PONV has not been extensively studied in large pediatric cohorts. Furthermore, in 2020, the Fourth Consensus Guidelines for the management of PONV were published.

Spur-winged lapwings show spatial behavioural types with different mobility and exploration between urban and rural individuals.

Understanding how wildlife responds to the spread of human-dominated habitats is a major challenge in ecology. It is still poorly understood how urban areas affect wildlife space-use patterns and consistent intra-specific behavioural differences (i.e.

The cGAS-STING, p38 MAPK, and p53 pathways link genome instability to accelerated cellular senescence in ATM-deficient murine lung fibroblasts.

Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a pleiotropic genome instability syndrome resulting from the loss of the homeostatic protein kinase ATM. The complex phenotype of A-T includes progressive cerebellar degeneration, immunodeficiency, gonadal atrophy, interstitial lung disease, cancer predisposition, endocrine abnormalities, chromosomal instability, radiosensitivity, and segmental premature aging. Cultured skin fibroblasts from A-T patients exhibit premature senescence, highlighting the association between genome instability, cellular senescence, and aging.

Accelerating Molecular Dynamics through Informed Resetting.

We present a procedure for enhanced sampling of molecular dynamics simulations through informed stochastic resetting. Many phenomena, such as protein folding and crystal nucleation, occur over time scales inaccessible in standard simulations. We recently showed that stochastic resetting can accelerate molecular simulations that exhibit broad transition time distributions.

Persistence of Long COVID Symptoms Two Years After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background/objectives: Millions of individuals worldwide continue to experience symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and phenotype of multi-system symptoms attributed to Long COVID-including fatigue, pain, cognitive-emotional disturbances, headache, cardiopulmonary issues, and alterations in taste and smell-that have persisted for at least two years after acute infection, which we define as "persistent Long COVID". Additionally, the study aimed to identify clinical features and blood biomarkers associated with persistent Long COVID symptoms.

Integrating Interpretability in Machine Learning and Deep Neural Networks: A Novel Approach to Feature Importance and Outlier Detection in COVID-19 Symptomatology and Vaccine Efficacy.

In this study, we introduce a novel approach that integrates interpretability techniques from both traditional machine learning (ML) and deep neural networks (DNN) to quantify feature importance using global and local interpretation methods. Our method bridges the gap between interpretable ML models and powerful deep learning (DL) architectures, providing comprehensive insights into the key drivers behind model predictions, especially in detecting outliers within medical data. We applied this method to analyze COVID-19 pandemic data from 2020, yielding intriguing insights.

Machine Learning and Statistical Analyses of Sensor Data Reveal Variability Between Repeated Trials in Parkinson's Disease Mobility Assessments.

Mobility tasks like the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), cognitive TUG (cogTUG), and walking with turns provide insights into the impact of Parkinson's disease (PD) on motor control, balance, and cognitive function. We assess the test-retest reliability of these tasks in 262 PD participants and 50 controls by evaluating machine learning models based on wearable-sensor-derived measures and statistical metrics. This evaluation examines total duration, subtask duration, and other quantitative measures across two trials.

Opportunistic Weather Sensing by Smart City Wireless Communication Networks.

This paper presents how the concept of opportunistic integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), focusing on weather sensing, is incorporated into wireless smart cities' networks. The concept, first introduced in 2006, utilized standard signal level measurements from wireless backhaul cellular networks for rain monitoring. Since then, it has expanded to include technologies like satellite communication and smart cities' networks.

Infection During Pregnancy and Effects on Pregnancy Outcomes in Israel.

is a parasite that typically causes self-limited gastroenteritis. Little is known about the course of infection and its impact during pregnancy. This retrospective cohort study conducted in Israel assessed the effects of infection on pregnancy and obstetrical outcomes.

Interferon-α Inhibits NET Formation in Neutrophils Derived from Patients with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms in a Neutrophil Sub-Population-Specific Manner.

Neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to thrombosis and hyperinflammation in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). High-density neutrophils (HDNs) and low-density neutrophils (LDNs) have recently been characterized as distinct neutrophil sub-populations with distinct morphological and functional properties. We aim to study the kinetics of NET formation and inhibition with interferon-α (IFNα) in neutrophils derived from patients with MPN as compared to matched healthy controls.

Non-Invasive Nanometer Resolution Assessment of Cell-Soft Hydrogel System Mechanical Properties by Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy.

Biomimetic hydrogels have garnered increased interest due to their considerable potential for use in various fields, such as tissue engineering, 3D cell cultivation, and drug delivery. The primary challenge for applying hydrogels in tissue engineering is accurately evaluating their mechanical characteristics. In this context, we propose a method using scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) to determine the rigidity of living human breast cancer cells MCF-7 cells grown on a soft, self-assembled Fmoc-FF peptide hydrogel.

Religious Fasting Following Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (MBS): Insights from Jewish Practices in Israel.

: Religious fasting in patients after Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (MBS) remains a topic with limited clarity. This study aims to present the results of a survey on religious fasting in patients after MBS in Israel. The questionnaire was sent to members of the Israeli Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ISMBS).

Should We Regularly Assess Hemoglobin Levels Following Elective Total Knee Arthroplasty, with the Administration of TXA and Without the Usage Tourniquet? An Observational Study from a Single Center.

The aim of this study was to test whether there is a necessity for routine postoperative laboratory testing in patients undergoing primary elective unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA), with the administration of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) and without the use of tourniquet. : This observational, retrospective cohort study was conducted at Meir Medical Center. The data were collected in 2018-2022.

Robot-Assisted Pyelolithotomy in Pelvic Kidney.

Pelvic kidney is a congenital anomaly characterized by the kidney's failure to ascend to its normal anatomical location during early embryonic development. This anomaly complicates traditional surgical approaches for renal calculi due to the kidney's atypical positioning and associated anatomical challenges. We sought to summarize our experience with robotic-assisted pyelolithotomy (RPPK) for pelvic kidney stones.

Put Down the ACE: Low Clinical Utility for Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Levels in Sarcoidosis: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

: ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) is considered a serological marker of sarcoidosis as elevated levels have been reported in 30-80% of patients. However, elevated ACE levels are also encountered in other medical conditions, and the clinical correlation between ACE levels and disease activity in sarcoidosis is disputable as well. To determine the significance of elevated ACE levels in the diagnosis and follow-up of sarcoidosis patients.

Genetic Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Second-Line Therapy Need in Crohn's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Crohn's disease (CD) and Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) are chronic conditions with overlapping inflammatory pathways. This research investigates the genetic association between AS and the requirement for more aggressive therapeutic interventions in CD, suggesting a likelihood of increased severity in CD progression among individuals diagnosed with AS. This study utilized two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) to analyze GWAS datasets for AS and CD requiring second-line treatment.

Differential Gut Microbiome Profiles in Long-Distance Endurance Cyclists and Runners.

We recently have shown that the gut microbiota composition in female and male runners positively correlates with sports, and female runners show similar gut microbiome diversity to male runners. However, gut microbiota composition has not yet been fully investigated in other endurance athletes, such as cyclists. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the gut microbiome profiles in competitive, non-professional female and male cyclists compared to what we have shown in runners.

Quaternary Ammonium Silica Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Implantable Medical Devices: An In Vitro Study.

Biofilm formation on prostheses and implanted devices can lead to serious complications and increased healthcare expenditures. Once formed, biofilm management is difficult and may involve a long course of antibiotics, additional surgery, and, occasionally, implant removal. This study evaluated the antibacterial properties of medical-grade silicone samples integrated with novel, non-leaching, antibacterial, quaternary ammonium silica (QASi) particles.

Increased Rates of Infectious Diseases in Fibromyalgia Patients: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.

: Fibromyalgia (FM) patients are known to have medical comorbidities. This study characterized the rates of infectious diseases in FM patients compared to the general population. : A nationwide population-based case-control study was conducted, including all patients diagnosed with FM by a rheumatologist compared to a matched 5:1 control group within a large health maintenance organization in Israel (January 2002 to December 2023).

Choroidal Response to Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injections in Treatment-Naïve Macular Neovascularization Secondary to Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Background/objectives: To evaluate the impact of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) therapy on anatomical and visual outcomes in patients with macular neovascularization (MNV) secondary to chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC).

Methods: This retrospective observational study reviewed the medical records of treatment-naïve patients diagnosed with cCSC complicated by MNV and treated with IVB injections over a 5-year period. The presence of MNV was confirmed using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Anti-Tetanus Vaccination Is Associated with Reduced Occurrence and Slower Progression of Parkinson's Disease-A Retrospective Study.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that progressively damages the autonomic and central nervous systems, leading to hallmark symptoms such as resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity. Despite extensive research, the underlying cause of PD remains unclear, and current treatments are unable to halt the progression of the disease. In this retrospective study, based on historical electronic health records (EHR) from a national health provider covering the period from 2003 to 2023, we investigated the impact of vaccination and medication purchases on PD occurrence and severity.

Actor-Partner Effects of Personality Traits and Psychological Flexibility on Psychological Distress Among Couples Coping with Cancer.

In this study, we applied the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) to explore the associations between personality traits (Big Five) and psychological flexibility, on the one hand, and depression and anxiety, on the other hand, among patients with cancer and their spouses. Method: Forty-six patient-spouse dyads (N = 92) completed the anxiety and depression scales from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), the ten-item personality inventory (TIPI), and the psychological flexibility scale (AAQ-2). Multilevel APIM models, adjusted for multiple testing, showed that neuroticism and psychological flexibility had actor effects on patients' depression and anxiety.

Understanding Reactions to Informative Process Model Interventions: Ambivalence as a Mechanism of Change.

Transforming the course of protracted and bloody conflicts requires changing the behaviors and minds of society members who take part in these conflicts. While studies examining the psychology of such societies point to the barriers that conflict-supporting narratives create for changing minds and behavior, a novel psychological intervention offers a new direction to facilitate openness for attitude change based on the Information Process Model (IPM). Previous studies indicated the effectiveness of this intervention in creating an unfreezing of conflict attitudes and increasing support for peace negotiation in different conflict areas.

Local Myoelectric Sensing During Human Colonic Tissue Perfusion.

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the most devastating complications after colorectal surgery. The verification of the adequate perfusion of the anastomosis is essential to ensuring anastomosis integrity following colonic resections. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of measuring the electrical activity of the colonic muscularis externa at an anastomosis site for perfusion analysis following colorectal surgery.