Nutrition morbidity interactions in pre-school children.

Background & Objectives: Research studies in the 1970s reported that in pre-school children, undernutrition increased the risk of infections and infections aggravated undernutrition. Over decades, there has been a reduction in prevalence of undernutrition and improvement in access to healthcare for treatment of infections. A mixed longitudinal study was undertaken to assess whether over time there were any changes from the earlier reported effect of undernutrition prior to infection on the risk of morbidity and effect of morbidity on nutritional status in pre-school children.

Defining new biomarkers for overcoming therapeutical resistance in cervical cancer using lncRNA.

Despite improvements in cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis for cervical cancer patients remains dismal due to the development of drug resistance, metastasis, and invasion resulting leading to treatment failure. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of RNA transcripts have been reported in mediating carcinogenesis as well as drug, and radio-resistance in tumor cells. These lncRNAs regulate various cancer hallmarks and contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance.

Effect of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) consumption on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Conflicting evidence exists on the effect of sesame consumption on glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, this meta-analysis focuses on the relationship between sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) intervention and glycemic control in patients with T2D.

Burden of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Cardiometabolic Traits and Their Heritability Estimates in Endogamous Ethnic Groups of India: Findings From the INDIGENIUS Consortium.

To assess the burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its genetic profile in endogamous populations of India given the paucity of data, we aimed to determine the prevalence of T2D and estimate its heritability using family-based cohorts from three distinct Endogamous Ethnic Groups (EEGs) representing Northern (Rajasthan [Agarwals: AG]) and Southern (Tamil Nadu [Chettiars: CH] and Andhra Pradesh [Reddys: RE]) states of India. For comparison, family-based data collected previously from another North Indian Punjabi Sikh (SI) EEG was used. In addition, we examined various T2D-related cardiometabolic traits and determined their heritabilities.

Unraveling correlative roles of dopamine transporter (DAT) and Parkin in Parkinson's disease (PD) - A road to discovery?

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder accompanied by depletion of dopamine(DA) and loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the brain that is believed to be responsible for the motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. Dopamine Transporter (DAT) is essential for reuptake of DA into the presynaptic terminal, thereby controlling the availability and spatial activity of released DA. Parkin interacts with proteins involved in the endosomal pathway, suggesting that presynaptic Parkin could regulate the expression of DAT in the plasma membrane.

Does epigenetics have a role in age related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy?

Epigenetic mechanisms play an important part in the regulation of gene expression and these alterations may induce long-term changes in gene function and metabolism. They have received extensive attention in bridging the gap between environmental exposures and disease development via their influence on gene expression. DNA methylation is the earliest discovered epigenetic alteration.

Stem cell banking: Are South Indian mothers aware?

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an important source of stem cells, the heart of regenerative medicine. As the globalization and population of the world continues to increase, we are faced with an inundation of new diseases, affecting millions of people. Research work considering stem cells is essential for developing therapy for various conditions.

Targeting phosphoinositide-3-kinase pathway in biliary tract cancers: A remedial route?

Biliary tract cancers (BTC) are aggressive tumours with a low survival rate. At the advent of the genomic era, various genetic mutations in cell signalling pathways have been incriminated in carcinogenesis. Genomic analysis studies have connected main components of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway to BTC.

Electrochemical Analysis of the Carbon-Encapsulated Lithium Iron Phosphate Nanochains and Their High-Temperature Conductivity Profiles.

Carbon-encapsulated LiFePO (LFP) nanochains were prepared as a cathode material for lithium batteries by sol-gel method using citric acid as the carbon source. The prepared LFP/C material is characterized by structural, morphological, and electrochemical characterization. LFP/C shows an orthorhombic olivine structure with "" space group having an average particle size of 50 nm.

Ampullary carcinoma-A genetic perspective.

Ampulla of vater carcinoma (AVC) is a rare gastrointestinal tumour that is associated with a high mortality rate and it's often diagnosed at later stages due to lack of clinical symptoms. Early diagnosis of this condition is essential to effectively treat patients for better prognosis. A significant amount of advancement has been made in understanding the molecular nature of cancer in the past decade.

Blue light emitting YO:Tm nanophosphors with tunable morphology obtained by bio-surfactant assisted sonochemical route.

Modified sonochemical route was used to prepare YO:Tm (1-11mol%) nanophosphor using Mimosa pudica (M.P.) leaves extract as bio-surfactant.

In silico analysis of aqueous root extract of Rotula aquatica Lour for docking analysis of the compound 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid contents.

Molecular docking is a bioinformatics tool used to study and analyse ligand receptor interactions. This helps in identifying the receptors (molecular targets) for different ligands. Using these technologies, compound isolation and drug discovery from herbals is achieved.

Free radical scavenging activity and comparative metabolic profiling of in vitro cultured and field grown Withania somnifera roots.

Free radical scavenging activity (FRSA), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) of in vitro cultured and field grown Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) roots were investigated. Withanolides analysis and comprehensive metabolic profiling between 100% methanol extracts of in vitro and field grown root tissues was performed using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. Significantly higher levels of FRSA, TPC, and TFC were observed in in-vitro cultured roots compared with field grown samples.

Identification and determination of flavonoids, carotenoids and chlorophyll concentration in Cynodon dactylon (L.) by HPLC analysis.

Cynodon dactylon (L.) is a potent medicinal plant in the traditional and current Indian medicinal systems. The objective of this research was to find out the levels of flavonoids, carotenoids and chlorophyll b in C.

The quenching effect of silver nanoparticles on 2-amino-3-bromo-1, 4-naphthoquinone using fluorescence spectroscopy.

Nanoparticles of noble metals belong to the most extensively studied colloidal systems in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Silver nanoparticles of different sizes have been prepared with the chemical reduction method using sodium borohydride and characterized using optical absorption technique. Using optical absorption and fluorescence emission studies, the photo physical properties of 2-amino-3-bromo1, 4-naphthoquinone (ABNQ) on silver nanoparticle have been studied.

Micronutrient malnutrition profile of infants in South India.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of infants in Ramanathapuram district of Tamilnadu.

Methods: The present study comprised a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in seven taluks of the Ramanathapuram district. A total of 2800 infants (<1 year of age) comprising of 1400 male and 1400 female infants were selected from all the seven taluks of the Ramanathapuram district at random.

Sphingopyxis panaciterrulae sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field.

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacterium was isolated from the soil of a ginseng field in Daejeon, South Korea, and characterized in order to determine its taxonomic position. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain DCY34(T) belonged to the family Sphingomonadaceae, and the highest degree of sequence similarity was found with Sphingopyxis witflariensis W-50(T) (97.1 %), Sphingopyxis ginsengisoli Gsoil 250(T) (97.

Generation and analysis of expressed sequence tags from leaf and root of Withania somnifera (Ashwgandha).

The first transcriptomes, expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in a leaf and root from Withania somnifera plant referenced in this report are the first of its kind. A cDNA library was constructed from samples of the 2-months-old, in vitro cultured leaves and roots, which generated 1,047 leaf cDNA and 1,034 root cDNA clones representing 48.5% and 61.

Role of medicinal plant Salacia Reticulata in the management of Type II Diabetic Subjects.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death and ranks third among the chronic diseases. Recent studies have shown that up to 10 % of India's urban population and 2 % of the rural population above the age of 15 years have diabetes and WHO had declared India as the diabetic capital of the world. India has wealth of medicinalplants, and these plants have credited to the development of therapeutic agents for various ailments and diseases.

Supplementing iron bioavailability enhanced mung bean.

Iron deficiency anaemia is a major public health problem. The high incidence is either due to insufficient intake of iron or poor bio availability. Enhancing the bio availability is as important as increasing the intake.

Antibacterial activity of Aegle marmelos against leaf, bark and fruit extracts.

The antibacterial activity of the methanol, chloroform and aqueous extracts from the leaves, bark and fruit of A. marmelos was studied using disc diffusion method against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus (Gram Positive), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella paratyphi A and Salmonella paratyphi B (Gram Negative). Results suggest that the methanolic extract has significant antibacterial activity against tested bacteria.

Hepatoprotective effect ofHygrophila spinosa andCassia occidentalis on carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in experimental rats.

The present study was undertaken to analyze the levels of some known antioxidant (both enzymic and non enzymic) activities in the rootsof Hygrophila spinosa andCassia occidentalis also to find out the hepatoprotective effect of the same in carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in albino rats. The roots were found to be rich in antioxidants. Liver damage in rats were induced by carbon tetrachloride.

Hypolipidemic potential of Panicum miliare on selected cardiovascular subjects.

Hypolipidemic effect of Samai (.i.e.

Free radical scavenging activity of different parts of withania somnifera.

Antioxidants are the essential defense mechanism to protect the body against free radical damage. The objective of the study was to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity of different parts of Withania somnifera (leaves, fresh tubers and dry tubers) towards free radical DPPH and the extent of inhibition of lipid peroxidation using hydrogen peroxide as prooxidant. The plant extracts exhibited significant antioxidant effect in the order as follows: leaves>fresh tubers>dry tubers.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACT OF Abutilon indicum.

Chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Abutilon indicum were investigated for antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. Among the various extracts, maximum antibacterial activity was exhibited by ethanol extract (14, 25, 14, 25, 17, 18 mm) followed by chloroform extract (13, 17, 8, 15, 15, 20 mm) while aqueous extract, showed no activity.