Resolution of type 2 diabetes after sleeve gastrectomy: a 2-step hypothesis.

Background: Weight loss (WL) and altered gut hormonal levels are involved in glucose homeostasis after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-related effects of WL, ghrelin, and glucacon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) plasma concentrations on type 2 diabetes resolution after LSG.

Setting: University hospital, Italy.

Transbronchial Cryobiopsies for the Diagnosis of Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases: Expert Statement from the Cryobiopsy Working Group on Safety and Utility and a Call for Standardization of the Procedure.

Transbronchial cryobiopsies (TBCB) have recently been introduced as a promising and safer alternative to surgical lung biopsy in the diagnostic approach to diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD). Despite a substantial and expanding body of literature, the technique has not yet been standardized and its place in the diagnostic algorithm of DPLD remains to be defined. In part, this reflects concerns over the diagnostic yield and safety of the procedure, together with the rapid spread of the technique without competency and safety standards; furthermore, there is a substantial procedural variability among centers and interventional pulmonologists.

A Rare Case of Idiopathic Plastic Bronchitis.

Plastic bronchitis is a rare disorder characterized by formation of large, branching bronchial casts, which are often expectorated. We present an interesting case of a 35-year-old woman who presented for evaluation of a chronic cough productive of voluminous secretions. Clinical and radiological examination confirmed a total left lung atelectasis without any pathological mediastinal node.

Nociceptive stimulation during Macintosh direct laryngoscopy compared with McGrath Mac videolaryngoscopy: A randomized trial using indirect evaluation using an automated administration of propofol and remifentanil.

Background: Decrease of the nociceptive stimulation induced by laryngoscopy could be an advantage for patients without risk of difficult intubation. The present study aimed to compare the difference in nociceptive stimulation between the use of a conventional laryngoscope or of a videolaryngoscope. Amount of nociception was assessed indirectly using the peak remifentanil concentration determined by a closed-loop administration of propofol and remifentanil with bispectral index (BIS) as the input signal (target 50).

Effect of Transfusion on Mortality and Other Adverse Events Among Critically Ill Septic Patients: An Observational Study Using a Marginal Structural Cox Model.

Objectives: RBC transfusion is often required in patients with sepsis. However, adverse events have been associated with RBC transfusion, raising safety concerns. A randomized controlled trial validated the 7 g/dL threshold, but previously transfused patients were excluded.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides and IgG4-related disease: A new overlap syndrome.

Objective: Atypical manifestations have been described in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV), such as pachymeningitis, orbital mass or chronic periaortitis. Because these manifestations have been associated to the spectrum of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), we hypothesized that both diseases could overlap.

Methods: We conducted a European retrospective multicenter observational study including patients fulfilling ACR and Chapel Hill criteria for AAV and IgG4-RD Comprehensive Diagnostic Criteria.

Neurological failure in ICU patients with hematological malignancies: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Epidemiological studies of neurological complications in patients with hematological malignancies are scant. The objective of the study was to identify determinants of survival in patients with hematological malignancy and neurological failure.

Methods: Post hoc analysis of a prospective study of adults with hematological malignancies admitted for any reason to one of 17 university or university-affiliated participating ICUs in France and Belgium (2010-2012).

Weekly high-dose liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) in critically ill septic patients with multiple Candida colonization: The AmBiDex study.

Background: To demonstrate the feasibility and safety of weekly high-dose liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) (as a pre-emptive antifungal treatment) for 2 weeks in patients with septic shock and Candida colonization.

Methods: Pilot, multicentre, open-label, prospective study conducted in seven French ICUs. Non-immunocompromised patients, receiving mechanical ventilation were eligible if they presented ICU-acquired severe sepsis requiring newly administered antibacterial agents and Candida colonization in at least two sites.

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Kidney Transplant Candidates: a Case Series.

Background: Patients with a body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m who need kidney transplant present with increased postoperative mortality and reduced kidney graft survival compared to patients with a lower BMI. For this reason, obese patients are often excluded from the transplantation waiting list. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and the results of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) for obese patients awaiting a kidney transplant.

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy after failed gastric banding: is it really effective? Six years of follow-up.

Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has become a valuable surgical option to rescue laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) failures.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether conversion to LSG after failed LAGB (CLSG) is a well-tolerated and effective rescue procedure compared with primary LSG (PLSG) in the long term.

Setting: University hospital, France.

Overcoming professionals' challenging experiences to promote a trustful therapeutic alliance in addiction treatment: A qualitative study.

Background And Aims: A good therapeutic alliance plays a major role in the healing process. Professionals working in addiction treatment report high levels of psychological distress related to work and this may challenge the establishment of a trustful therapeutic alliance, and lead to a loss of care quality provided to service users. The purpose of this study was to investigate the experience of specialized professionals, its effects on trust and the therapeutic alliance, and the means to restore them.

Score Using Measurements of Plasma Midregional Pro-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide to Estimate the Duration of Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: An accurate estimate of the duration of atrial fibrillation (AF) is critical for its safe and successful management. We examined the ability of midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) to identify patients presenting with AF of ≤48 vs >48 h in duration.

Methods: We prospectively studied 106 patients presenting with AF of known duration.

Influence of lower limb rotation on hindfoot alignment using a conventional two-dimensional radiographic technique.

Background: Rotation is one of the variables explaining lack of reproducibility in assessing hindfoot alignment. The hypothesis for this study was that a mathematical model predicts how this modifies radiographic hindfoot alignment measurements.

Methods: A cadaveric lower limb, disjointed at knee level, was used.

Impact of a general practitioners' strike and of terrorist attacks on a call centre.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the impact of the same-day GPs' strike and terrorist attacks on a call centre's activity.

Methods: We compared the number of calls received, the number of patient's medical files (PMFs) created and the number of mobile ICU (MICU) dispatched per hour on Friday, 13 November, to the repository established on the five previous Fridays. As previously published, the variation criterion was set to an activity variation above 20% for more than 2 h.

Predominance of healthcare-associated cases among episodes of community-onset bacteraemia due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) are endemic pathogens worldwide. Infection with ESBL-PE may be associated with inadequate antibiotic therapy and a poor outcome. However, risk factors for ESBL-PE community-acquired infections are ill-defined.

First-line therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia in patients older than 79 years is feasible and achieves good results: A FILO retrospective study.

The mean age at diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is 72 years, with 22.8% of patients being older than 80 years. However, the elderly are underrepresented in clinical studies of CLL.

Attributable mortality of ICU-acquired bloodstream infections: Impact of the source, causative micro-organism, resistance profile and antimicrobial therapy.

Objectives: ICU-acquired bloodstream infection (ICUBSI) in Intensive Care unit (ICU) is still associated with a high mortality rate. The increase of antimicrobial drug resistance makes its treatment increasingly challenging.

Methods: We analyzed 571 ICU-BSI occurring amongst 10,734 patients who were prospectively included in the Outcomerea Database and who stayed at least 4 days in ICU.

Adherence to guidelines in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a follow-up national survey.

A new survey coordinated by the French expert centres for rare pulmonary diseases investigated French pulmonologists' diagnostic and therapeutic practice for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and explored changes since a previous survey in 2011-2012. From May 16 to August 30, 2014, 524 pulmonologists were contacted. Those following at least one patient with IPF were invited to complete a questionnaire administered by telephone or e-mail.

Long-Term Outcomes of the Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding: Weight Loss and Removal Rate. A Single Center Experience on 301 Patients with a Minimum Follow-Up of 10 years.

Background: Obesity is a chronic disease that requires procedures to enable to maintain good long-term results. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) studies with a long-term follow-up are limited and have often given conflicting results. We report our results in terms of banding life span and weight loss in a cohort of 301 patients operated on LAGB with a minimum follow-up of 10 years.

Everolimus affects vasculogenic mimicry in renal carcinoma resistant to sunitinib.

Angiogenesis is hallmark of clear cell renal cell carcinogenesis. Anti-angiogenic therapies have been successful in improving disease outcome; however, most patients treated with anti-angiogenic agents will eventually progress. In this study we report that clear cell renal cell carcinoma was associated with vasculogenic mimicry in both mice and human with tumor cells expressing endothelial markers in the vicinity of tumor vessels.

A case of Kartagener syndrome with rhinolalia clausa.

Kartagener syndrome is an autosomal recessive genetic ciliary disorder comprising of a classic triad of sinusitis, situs inversus and bronchiectasis. It's the one of primary ciliary dyskinesia disorders with manifestations present from childhood. Most patients of PCD have situs inversus.