Effect of Prophylactic Embolization on Patients With Blunt Trauma at High Risk of Splenectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Splenic arterial embolization (SAE) improves the rate of spleen rescue, yet the advantage of prophylactic SAE (pSAE) compared with surveillance and then embolization only if necessary (SURV) for patients at high risk of spleen rupture remains controversial.

Objective: To determine whether the 1-month spleen salvage rate is better after pSAE or SURV.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this randomized clinical trial conducted between February 6, 2014, and September 1, 2017, at 16 institutions in France, 133 patients with splenic trauma at high risk of rupture were randomized to undergo pSAE or SURV.

Chronic hepatitis and HIV risks amongst Pakistani migrant men in a French suburb and insights into health promotion interventions: the ANRS Musafir qualitative study.

Background: Seine-Saint-Denis is a deprived departement (French administrative unit) in the North-East of Paris, France, hosting the majority of South Asian migrants in France. In recent years, the number of migrants from Pakistan, which has a high prevalence of hepatitis C globally, increased. As a corollary, this study addressed the high proportion of Pakistani patients in the infectious diseases clinic of a local hospital, diagnosed with hepatitis C, but also hepatitis B and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression, and Peritraumatic Dissociation in Critical Care Clinicians Managing Patients with COVID-19. A Cross-Sectional Study.

Frontline healthcare providers (HCPs) during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic are at high risk of mental morbidity. To assess the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety, depression, and peritraumatic dissociation in HCPs. This was a cross-sectional study in 21 ICUs in France between April 20, 2020, and May 21, 2020.

Hand hygiene improvement or antibiotic restriction to control the household transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli: a mathematical modelling study.

Background: The best strategy to control ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) spread in the community is lacking.

Methods: We developed an individual-based transmission model to evaluate the impact of hand hygiene (HH) improvement and reduction in antibiotic use on the within-household transmission of ESBL-EC. We used data from the literature and incorporated key elements of ESBL-EC transmission such as the frequency and nature of contacts among household members, antibiotic use in the community and hand hygiene behaviour.

The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Diagnosis of Atypical Parkinsonism.

The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and atypical Parkinsonism remains clinically difficult, especially at the early stage of the disease, since there is a significant overlap of symptoms. Multimodal MRI has significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and understanding of the pathophysiology of Parkinsonian disorders. Structural and quantitative MRI sequences provide biomarkers sensitive to different tissue properties that detect abnormalities specific to each disease and contribute to the diagnosis.

Association Between Pulmonary Embolism and COVID-19 in Emergency Department Patients Undergoing Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiogram: The PEPCOV International Retrospective Study.

Background: There have been reports of procoagulant activity in patients with COVID-19. Whether there is an association between pulmonary embolism (PE) and COVID-19 in the emergency department (ED) is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess whether COVID-19 is associated with PE in ED patients who underwent a computed tomographic pulmonary angiogram (CTPA).

Correction to: Early sepsis markers in patients admitted to intensive care unit with moderate‑to‑severe diabetic ketoacidosis.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Effectiveness of a therapeutic multiple-lifestyle intervention taking into account the periconceptional environment in the management of infertile couples: study design of a randomized controlled trial - the PEPCI study.

Background: Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months of unprotected intercourse. It affects approximately one in six couples seeking pregnancy in France or western countries. Many lifestyle factors of the couples' pre and peri-conceptional environment (weight, diet, alcohol, tobacco, coffee, drugs, physical activity, stress, sleep…) have been identified as risk factors for infertility in both males and females.

Early sepsis markers in patients admitted to intensive care unit with moderate-to-severe diabetic ketoacidosis.

Background: Bacterial infections are frequent triggers for diabetic ketoacidosis. In this context, delayed antibiotic treatment is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Unnecessary administration of antimicrobial therapy might however, also negatively impact the prognosis.

Deep brain stimulation-guided optogenetic rescue of parkinsonian symptoms.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus is a symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease but benefits only to a minority of patients due to stringent eligibility criteria. To investigate new targets for less invasive therapies, we aimed at elucidating key mechanisms supporting deep brain stimulation efficiency. Here, using in vivo electrophysiology, optogenetics, behavioral tasks and mathematical modeling, we found that subthalamic stimulation normalizes pathological hyperactivity of motor cortex pyramidal cells, while concurrently activating somatostatin and inhibiting parvalbumin interneurons.

A French National Study on Gastropleural and Gastrobronchial Fistulas After Bariatric Surgery: the Impact of Therapeutic Strategy on Healing.

Purpose: Gastropleural and gastrobronchial fistulas (GPF/GBFs) are serious but rare complications after bariatric surgery whose management is not consensual. The aim was to establish a cohort and evaluate different clinical presentations and therapeutic options.

Materials And Methods: A multicenter and retrospective study analyzing GPF/GBFs after bariatric surgery in France between 2007 and 2018, via a questionnaire sent to digestive and thoracic surgery departments.

Conversion of sleeve gastrectomy to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: results of a multicenter study.

Background: The main side effect of long-term laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is the onset of severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of gastric bypass conversion in controlling postsleeve GERD.

Setting: University Hospital and Private Hospital, France and Private Hospital, Italy.

Invasive Aspergillosis Due to Aspergillus Section Usti: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: Aspergillus spp. of section Usti (A. ustus) represent a rare cause of invasive aspergillosis (IA).

Moroccan lymphocyte subsets reference ranges: age, gender, ethnicity, and socio-economic factors dependent differences.

Lymphocyte subsets reference ranges are helpful for a precise diagnosis and therapy of various diseases. We attempted in the current study to establish Moroccan lymphocyte reference range and reveal age, gender, ethnicity, income, and instructional levels dependent differences. Lymphocyte subsets percentage and absolute count were determined by 4-color flow cytometry in a population study of 145 adults Moroccan healthy volunteers.

Patient care pathways in acute heart failure and their impact on in-hospital mortality, a French national prospective survey.

Background: Our purpose was to describe the care pathway of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF) and investigate whether a management involving a cardiology department had an impact on in-hospital mortality.

Methods: Between June 2014 and October 2018, we included patients hospitalized for AHF in 24 French hospitals. Characteristics of the episode, patient's care pathway and outcomes were recorded on a specific assessment tool.

Polyomavirus-Positive Merkel Cell Carcinoma Derived from a Trichoblastoma Suggests an Epithelial Origin of this Merkel Cell Carcinoma.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, is to date the only human cancer known to be frequently caused by a polyomavirus. However, it is a matter of debate which cells are targeted by the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) to give rise to the phenotypically multifaceted MCC cells. To assess the lineage of origin of MCPyV-positive MCC, genetic analysis of a very rare tumor combining benign trichoblastoma and MCPyV-positive MCC was conducted by massive parallel sequencing.

Thyroid Storm in the ICU: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Objectives: Thyroid storm represents a rare but life-threatening endocrine emergency. Only rare data are available on its management and the outcome of the most severe forms requiring ICU admission. We aimed to describe the clinical manifestations, management and in-ICU and 6-month survival rates of patients with those most severe thyroid storm forms requiring ICU admission.

Functional Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease and Functional Parkinsonism: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Whereas functional symptoms are common in Parkinson's disease (PD), a parkinsonian syndrome may occasionally reflect a pure functional disorder (also named functional parkinsonism [FP]). This review aimed to decipher these entities to clarify the link between functional manifestations and PD.

Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, the authors performed a systematic literature search of the PubMed and Science Direct databases for the period 1988 to December 2018 to identify studies of patients with either FP or PD associated with functional neurological symptoms.

Determinants of Antithrombotic Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation in Octogenarians: Results of the OCTOFA Study.

Background And Objective: Atrial fibrillation, the most frequent form of arrhythmia, affects 5-15% individuals aged > 80 years. Stroke is a major risk for atrial fibrillation patients. The benefits of anticoagulant therapy clearly outweigh the risk of hemorrhage, even in the elderly.

Consumption of modern and traditional Moroccan dairy products and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study.

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to describe the association between the consumption of either traditional or modern dairy products or calcium intakes and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the adult Moroccan population.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted in five Moroccan hospital centers. The study was matched on sex, age (± 5 years) and center.

Prediction of survival with second-line therapy in biliary tract cancer: Actualisation of the AGEO CT2BIL cohort and European multicentre validations.

Background: The benefit of second-line chemotherapy (L2) over standard first-line (L1) gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GEMCIS) or oxaliplatin (GEMOX) chemotherapy in advanced biliary tract cancer (aBTC) is unclear. Our aim was to identify and validate prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) with L2 in aBTC to guide clinical decisions in this setting.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of four prospective patient cohorts: a development cohort (28 French centres) and three validation cohorts from Italy, UK and France.