Coffee and tea consumption and the risk of head and neck cancer: An updated pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium.

Introduction: The relations between coffee and tea consumption and head and neck cancer (HNC) incidence are unclear. With increasing global HNC burden, this study aims to examine the association between coffee, tea, and HNC.

Methods: A pooled analysis of 9548 HNC cases and 15,783 controls from 14 individual-level case-control studies was conducted from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium.

Comparative Analysis of Gene Expression Analysis Methods for RNA in Situ Hybridization Images.

Gene expression analysis is pivotal in cancer research and clinical practice. Although traditional methods lack spatial context, RNA in situ hybridization (RNA-ISH) is a powerful technique that retains spatial tissue information. Here, RNAscope score, RT-droplet digital PCR, and automated QuantISH and QuPath were used for quantifying RNA-ISH expression values from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples.

Fruits and vegetables intake and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis from 11 case-control studies in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) consortium.

Purpose: High consumption of fruits and vegetables decrease the risk of bladder cancer (BC). The evidence of specific fruits and vegetables and the BC risk is still limited.

Methods: Fruit and vegetable consumptions in relation to BC risk was examined by pooling individual participant data from case-control studies.

Circulating endogenous sex steroids and risk of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in men and women.

Thyroid cancer (TC) is substantially more common in women than in men, pointing to a possible role of sex steroid hormones. We investigated the association between circulating sex steroid hormones, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and the risk of differentiated TC in men and women within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC) cohort. During follow-up, we identified 333 first primary incident cases of differentiated TC (152 in pre/peri-menopausal women, 111 in post-menopausal women, and 70 in men) and 706 cancer-free controls.

Human Omental Mature Adipocytes used as Paclitaxel Reservoir for Cell-Based Therapy in Ovarian Cancer.

Primary human omental adipocytes and ovarian cancer(OC) cells establish a bidirectional communication in which tumor driven lipolysis is induced in adipocytes and the resulting fatty acids are delivered to cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment. Despite meaningful improvement in the treatment of OC, its efficacy is still limited by hydrophobicity and untargeted effects related to chemotherapeutics. Herein, omental adipocytes are firstly used as a reservoir for paclitaxel, named Living Paclitaxel Bullets (LPB) and secondly benefit from the established dialogue between adipocytes and cancer cells to engineer a drug delivery process that target specifically cancer cells.

Completion total mesorectal excision after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy and local excision for rectal cancer.

Aim: Local excision (LE) in selected cases after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) for locally advanced rectal cancer in clinically complete or major responders has been recently reported as an alternative to standard radical resection. Completion total mesorectal excision (cTME) is generally performed when high-risk pathological features are found in LE surgical specimens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of residual tumour and lymph node metastases after cTME in patients previously treated by RCT + LE.

Overview of Tumor Heterogeneity in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancers.

Ovarian cancers encompass a group of neoplasms originating from germinal tissues and exhibiting distinct clinical, pathological, and molecular features. Among these, epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are the most prevalent, comprising five distinct tumor histotypes. Notably, high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOCs) represent the majority, accounting for over 70% of EOC cases.

Estimating survival in patients with melanoma brain metastases: prognostic value of lactate dehydrogenase.

Patients with melanoma brain metastases (MBM) have poor prognosis, albeit advances in locoregional and systemic treatments. The melanoma-specific Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA) effectively stratifies survival for patients with MBM. Nevertheless, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a well known prognostic factor for patients with melanoma, is not represented in the GPA scores and might add prognostic information for patients with MBM.

Risk assessment of disease recurrence in early breast cancer: A serum metabolomic study focused on elderly patients.

Background: We previously showed that metabolomics predicts relapse in early breast cancer (eBC) patients, unselected by age. This study aims to identify a "metabolic signature" that differentiates eBC from advanced breast cancer (aBC) patients, and to investigate its potential prognostic role in an elderly population.

Methods: Serum samples from elderly breast cancer (BC) patients enrolled in 3 onco-geriatric trials, were retrospectively analyzed via proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy.

Intake of prebiotic fibers and the risk of laryngeal cancer: the PrebiotiCa study.

Purpose: To evaluate whether the intake of specific fibers with prebiotic activity, e.g., inulin-type fructans (ITFs), fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs), and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOSs), is associated with laryngeal cancer risk.

Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations and endometrial cancer risk: a multicentric case-control study.

The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) published evidence-based recommendations for cancer prevention focusing on body weight, physical activity, and diet. Our aim is to evaluate whether adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations could reduce endometrial cancer risk. We used data from a multicentric, Italian hospital-based case-control study (1992-2006) including 454 endometrial cancer cases and 908 age-matched controls.

Association of prebiotic fiber intake with colorectal cancer risk: the PrebiotiCa study.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between the intake of specific fibers with prebiotic activity, namely inulin-type fructans (ITFs), fructooligosaccharides (FOSs) and galactooligosaccharides (GOSs), and colorectal cancer risk.

Methods: Within the PrebiotiCa study, we used data from a multicentric case-control study conducted in Italy and including 1953 incident, histologically confirmed, colorectal cancer patients and 4154 hospital controls. The amount of six prebiotic molecules [ITFs, nystose (FOS), kestose (FOS), 1F-β-fructofuranosylnystose (FOS), raffinose (GOS) and stachyose (GOS)] in a variety of foods was quantified via laboratory analyses.

Lack of COL6/collagen VI causes megakaryocyte dysfunction by impairing autophagy and inducing apoptosis.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress is an emerging significant player in the molecular pathology of connective tissue disorders. In response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, cells can upregulate macroautophagy/autophagy, a fundamental cellular homeostatic process used by cells to degrade and recycle proteins or remove damaged organelles. In these scenarios, autophagy activation can support cell survival.

AKT Isoforms Interplay in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Prognosis and Characterization.

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest gynecological malignancies. The acquired resistance to platinum-based therapies and the intrinsic heterogeneity of the disease contribute to the low survival rate. To improve patients' outcomes, new combinatorial approaches able to target different tumor vulnerabilities and enhance the efficacy of the current therapies are required.

mTORC1 promotes malignant large cell/anaplastic histology and is a targetable vulnerability in SHH-TP53 mutant medulloblastoma.

Medulloblastoma (MB), one of the most malignant brain tumors of childhood, comprises distinct molecular subgroups, with p53 mutant sonic hedgehog-activated (SHH-activated) MB patients having a very severe outcome that is associated with unfavorable histological large cell/anaplastic (LC/A) features. To identify the molecular underpinnings of this phenotype, we analyzed a large cohort of MB developing in p53-deficient Ptch+/- SHH mice that, unexpectedly, showed LC/A traits that correlated with mTORC1 hyperactivation. Mechanistically, mTORC1 hyperactivation was mediated by a decrease in the p53-dependent expression of mTORC1 negative regulator Tsc2.

Histological patterns and intra-tumor heterogeneity as prognostication tools in high grade serous ovarian cancers.

Objective: High grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common type of malignant ovarian neoplasm and the main cause of ovarian cancer related deaths worldwide. Although novel biomarkers such as homologous recombination deficiency testing have been implemented into the clinical decision-making algorithm since diagnosis, morphological classification and immunohistochemistry analysis are essential for diagnostic purpose. This study aims at identifying histologic and clinical features that can be predictive of patients' prognosis.