Diadochokinesis Performance and Its Link to Cognitive Control: Alternating Versus Non-Alternating Diadochokinesis.

Purpose: In a previous publication, we observed that maximum speech performance in a nonclinical sample of young adult speakers producing diadochokinesis (DDK) sequences (e.g., rapidly repeating "pataka") was associated with cognitive control: Those with better cognitive switching abilities (i.

The beneficial effect of sulforaphane on platelet responsiveness during caloric load: a single-intake, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial in healthy participants.

Background And Aims: As our understanding of platelet activation in response to infections and/or inflammatory conditions is growing, it is becoming clearer that safe, yet efficacious, platelet-targeted phytochemicals could improve public health beyond the field of cardiovascular diseases. The phytonutrient sulforaphane shows promise for clinical use due to its effect on inflammatory pathways, favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and high bioavailability. The potential of sulforaphane to improve platelet functionality in impaired metabolic processes has however hardly been studied in humans.

A systematic review of ethical challenges and opportunities of addressing domestic violence with AI-technologies and online tools.

Domestic violence remains a pressing complex social problem of people of any gender, age, socio-economic status, and ethno-cultural background, an issue that worsened worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital, online, or artificial intelligence-based smart technological services, applications, and tools provide novel approaches in addressing domestic violence, including intimate partner violence. This systematic literature review analyses the ethical challenges and opportunities these (protective) digital and smart technologies provide to the stakeholders involved.

Comparing instructional strategies to support student teachers' learning to prepare an open-minded citizenship education lesson.

Open-mindedness is defined as one's willingness and ability to consider opposing beliefs and perspectives and give them a serious, impartial consideration by setting aside one's commitment towards one's own beliefs and perspectives. Learning to prepare and teach open-minded lessons is a crucial skill for student teachers because it fosters an atmosphere in which pupils feel free to express their own views and to learn about the views of others. The aim of this experiment was to examine which instructional strategy best supports student teachers' learning to prepare an open-minded citizenship education lesson.

Synthesis vs. salvage of ester- and ether-linked phosphatidylethanolamine in the intracellular protozoan pathogen Toxoplasma gondii.

Toxoplasma gondii is a prevalent zoonotic pathogen infecting livestock as well as humans. The exceptional ability of this parasite to reproduce in several types of nucleated host cells necessitates a coordinated usage of endogenous and host-derived nutritional resources for membrane biogenesis. Phosphatidylethanolamine is the second most common glycerophospholipid in T.

Engineered human hepatocyte organoids enable CRISPR-based target discovery and drug screening for steatosis.

The lack of registered drugs for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is partly due to the paucity of human-relevant models for target discovery and compound screening. Here we use human fetal hepatocyte organoids to model the first stage of NAFLD, steatosis, representing three different triggers: free fatty acid loading, interindividual genetic variability (PNPLA3 I148M) and monogenic lipid disorders (APOB and MTTP mutations). Screening of drug candidates revealed compounds effective at resolving steatosis.

How much does it cost to mitigate soil erosion after wildfires?

Wildfires usually increase the hydrological and erosive response of forest areas, carrying high environmental, human, cultural, and financial on- and off-site effects. Post-fire soil erosion control measures have been proven effective at mitigating such responses, especially at the slope scale, but there is a knowledge gap as to how cost-effective these treatments are. In this work, we review the effectiveness of post-fire soil erosion mitigation treatments at reducing erosion rates over the first post-fire year and provide their application costs.

Socio-technical system analysis of responsible data sharing in water systems as critical infrastructure.

Attention is increasingly focused on the protection of water systems as critical infrastructure, including subsystems of supply, sanitation, hygiene, and management. Similarly increasing consideration is paid to the growing role and impact of data on water systems and management. We explore key challenges associated with data-driven water systems as critical infrastructure.

The Effects of Noise on Cognitive Performance and Helplessness in Childhood: A Review.

Environmental noise affects our daily functioning in many ways, and the cognitive, motivational, and emotional effects of noise are intertwined. Our task performance under noisy conditions depends on our ability to cope with the noise and our cognitive resources. The process of (failed) coping may wear us out cognitively, lead to learned helplessness, and, consequently, alter the motivation to persist in a task.

Metabolism studies of 4'Cl-CUMYL-PINACA, 4'F-CUMYL-5F-PINACA and 4'F-CUMYL-5F-PICA using human hepatocytes and LC-QTOF-MS analysis.

4'Cl-cumyl-PINACA (SGT-157), 4'F-cumyl-5F-PINACA (4F-cumyl-5F-PINACA, SGT-65) and 4'F-cumyl-5F-PICA (4F-cumyl-5F-PICA, SGT-64) are a series of new halogenated cumyl synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs). Due to rapid metabolism, monitoring and screening for SCRAs in biological matrices requires identification of their metabolites. It is an essential tool for estimating their spread and fluctuations in the global illicit market.

Professionals' adaptive expertise and adaptive performance in educational and workplace settings: an overview of reviews.

Professionals will increasingly be confronted with new insights and changes. This raises questions as to what kind of expertise professionals need, and how development of this expertise can be influenced within the contexts of both education and work. The terms adaptive expertise and adaptive performance are well-known concepts in the domains of education and Human Resource Development respectively.

Teamwork Training With a Multiplayer Game in Health Care: Content Analysis of the Teamwork Principles Applied.

Background: In health care, teamwork skills are critical for patient safety; therefore, great emphasis is placed on training these skills. Given that training is increasingly designed in a blended way, serious games may offer an efficient method of preparing face-to-face simulation training of these procedural skills.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the teamwork principles that were used during gameplay by medical students and teamwork experts.

Regulatory T cells in psoriatic arthritis: an IL-17A-producing, Foxp3CD161 + RORγt + ICOS + phenotype, that associates with the presence of ADAMTSL5 autoantibodies.

In psoriatic arthritis (PsA), predisposing class I HLA alleles, the presence of synovial clonally proliferated CD8 + T cells and autoantibodies all point towards the loss of immune tolerance. However, the key mechanisms that lead to immune dysregulation are not fully understood. In other types of inflammatory arthritis, T regulatory cell (Treg) dysfunction and plasticity at sites of inflammation were suggested to negatively affect peripheral tolerance.

Electronic Brainstorming With a Chatbot Partner: A Good Idea Due to Increased Productivity and Idea Diversity.

Brainstorming is a creative technique that fosters collaboration to enhance idea generation. The occurrence of evaluation apprehension, a fear of being evaluated negatively by others, however, can stymy brainstorming. How the advantages of collaboration can be leveraged while evaluation apprehension is prevented is an open scientific and practical problem.

A longitudinal analysis of conspiracy beliefs and Covid-19 health responses.

Background: Little is known about how conspiracy beliefs and health responses are interrelated over time during the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. This longitudinal study tested two contrasting, but not mutually exclusive, hypotheses through cross-lagged modeling. First, based on the consequential nature of conspiracy beliefs, we hypothesize that conspiracy beliefs predict an increase in detrimental health responses over time.

Multi-omics analyses of MEN1 missense mutations identify disruption of menin-MLL and menin-JunD interactions as critical requirements for molecular pathogenicity.

Background: Loss-of-function mutations of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene are causal to the MEN1 tumor syndrome, but they are also commonly found in sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and other types of cancers. The MEN1 gene product, menin, is involved in transcriptional and chromatin regulation, most prominently as an integral component of KMT2A/MLL1 and KMT2B/MLL2 containing COMPASS-like histone H3K4 methyltransferase complexes. In a mutually exclusive fashion, menin also interacts with the JunD subunit of the AP-1 and ATF/CREB transcription factors.

Novel approach to ammonia recovery from anaerobic digestion via side-stream stripping at multiple pH levels.

Ammonia recovery from anaerobic digesters via side-stream stripping is a technique to recover nitrogen from manure wastes. This study demonstrated a novel approach to determining ammonia recovery to maintain total ammonia concentrations in the digester in the range of 1.7-2.

A redox-based strategy to enhance propionic and butyric acid production during anaerobic fermentation.

This study investigated the selective production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) during anaerobic mixed-culture fermentation. The experiment used chicken manure (CM) as a potential substrate to produce high added-value propionic acid and butyric acid under an alkaline environment. The conversion of CM into selective VFAs depends highly on operational conditions such as pH and redox balance.

Three-Questions-Method for Coping with the Emotional Burden of Nurses and Nursing Students during COVID-19.

Background: Nurses and nursing students experienced an emotional burden while working during the COVID-19 outbreak. During the COVID-19 outbreak three questions for nurses working under these extreme circumstances were formulated: 1. What today's events do you remember? 2.

Long-term changes in the macrobenthic assemblages at a harbour sediment disposal site in the southern North Sea.

This study focussed on the long-term, sediment-driven changes of macrobenthic assemblages in dredged harbour sediment from Rotterdam harbour disposed of in excavated sand extraction pits off the Dutch coast. Macrobenthic species and sediment grain size composition were studied in samples from two disposal sites and the surrounding environment over ten years after the cessation of disposal activities. There was a strong association between the sediment granulometry and the benthic assemblage composition.

De novo Nanopore Genome Sequencing of the Clinical Diutina catenulata Type-strain CBS565.

Diutina catenulata is an ascomycetous yeast, that is regularly fluconazole-resistant and increasingly reported as the cause of invasive infection in humans. Here, we describe the de novo genome assembly of the clinical D. catenulata type-strain CBS565 and provide insights into the genome and compared it to an Illumina-sequenced environmental strain.

An interexaminer agreement and reliability study on cadavers with musculoskeletal ultrasound of the shoulder performed by physiotherapists and radiologists compared with dissection.

Study Design: A cross-sectional inter-examiner agreement and reliability study on fresh frozen cadaver shoulders.

Background: Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSU) is frequently used by physical therapists and radiologists to improve specific diagnosis in rotator cuff related pathology. The evaluation of the rotator cable seems to be important as stabilizing structure when cuff tears occur.