Neuroautonomic activity evidences parturition as a complex and integrated neuro-immune-endocrine process.

Parturition in mammals demands a precise coordination of several neuro-immune-endocrine interactions including: a sterile inflammatory response that involves secretion of inflammation mediators like cytokines/chemokines; changes in the secretion of hormones such as progestogen, estrogens, cortisol, and oxytocin; as well as adjustments of the neuroautonomic function. Specifically, the so-called cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway seems to play a key role in the homeostasis of the neuro-immune-endocrine axis by adjusting the vagus nerve activity during parturition. Here, we provide insights into the importance of the vagus during parturition from an autonomic, endocrine, and immune interplay perspective, and describe the potential role of heart rate variability analysis to explore these interactions noninvasively, economically, and accessibly.

Timeline of Intestinal Adaptation After Malabsortive Surgery: Effect of Luminal Nutrients, Biliopancreatic Secretion, and Glutamine Supplementation.

Background: The aim of this study was to study the process of intestinal adaptation in the three limbs of the small intestine after malabsorptive bariatric surgery: the biliopancreatic limb, the alimentary limb, and the common channel. These limbs are exposed to different stimuli, namely, gastrointestinal transit and nutrients in the alimentary limb, biliopancreatic secretions in the biliopancreatic limb, and a mix of both in the common channel. We also wished to investigate the effect of glutamine supplementation on the adaptation process.

Salivary Immunoglobulin Gene Expression in Patients with Caries.

Background: Immunoglobulins mediate the host's humoral immune response are expressed in saliva.

Aim: To quantify the , , and gene expression in the saliva of Mexican patients with caries in mixed and permanent dentition.

Subjects And Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study.

Oxytocin's role on the cardiorespiratory activity of endotoxemic rats.

Background: Recent findings concerning oxytocin indicate its anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and parasympathetic modulating properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of systemically applied oxytocin on the cardiorespiratory activity in a rodent model of moderate endotoxemia.

Methods: Telemetrically recorded electrocardiogram (ECGs) from animals which received lipopolysaccharide (LPS); oxytocin (Ox); lipopolysaccharide+oxytocin (LPS+Ox), or vehicle (V) were analyzed using the ECG-derived respiration (EDR) technique to estimate the respiratory rate.

Body Mass Index in Pregnancy Does Not Affect Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma Promoter Region (-359 to -260) Methylation in the Neonate.

Background: Obesity in pregnancy can contribute to epigenetic changes.

Aim: To assess whether body mass index (BMI) in pregnancy is associated with changes in the methylation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR) promoter region (-359 to - 260) in maternal and neonatal leukocytes.

Subjects And Methods: In this matched, cohort study 41 pregnant women were allocated into two groups: (a) Normal weight (n = 21) and (b) overweight (n = 20).

Changes induced by music therapy to physiologic parameters in patients with dental anxiety.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of music therapy on patients suffering dental anxiety. In addition, a second objective was to determine the correlation between salivary cortisol and other physiologic parameters.

Methods: 34 patients were randomly assigned to the control group and the experimental group.

Evaluation of the Effect of 1,3-Bis(4-Phenyl)-1H-1,2,3-Triazolyl-2-Propanolol on Gene Expression Levels of JAK2-STAT3, NF-κB, and SOCS3 in Cells Cultured from Biopsies of Mammary Lesions.

Breast cancer is the most frequent neoplasia in women and is responsible for approximately 13.8% of deaths per year for this gender. It has been suggested that JAK2, STAT3, and NF-κB gene expression is involved in this type of cancer.

Familial autoimmune thyroid disease and PTPN-22.

Aim: Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is a multifactorial disease with a genetic predisposition. The protein tyrosine phosphatase-22 (PTPN-22) gene is a powerful inhibitor of T-cell activation. The aim of this study was to compare messenger RNA (mRNA) PTPN22 expression between healthy persons and patients with hypothyroidism and with their affected relatives.

Adherence to Two Methods of Education and Metabolic Control in Type 2 Diabetics.

Background: Education in diabetes optimizes metabolic control, prevents acute and chronic complications, and improves quality of life. Our main objective was to evaluate if a better metabolic control is achieved in diabetic patients undergoing a program of intensive interactive care than in those with traditional care and written information.

Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), aged 20-60 years, education level at least of primary school, serum creatinine ≤ 2.

Revision surgery for one anastomosis gastric bypass with anti-reflux mechanism: a new surgical procedure using only not previously operated intestine.

Introduction: Obesity is now an epidemic in industrialized countries with high prevalence (U.S. with 67%, Europa from 40% to 50%).

Super obese behave different from simple and morbid obese patients in the changes of body composition after tailored one anastomosis gastric bypass (BAGUA).

Introduction: Super obese patients behave different from simple and morbid obese patients when they reach final changes of body composition (BC) after bariatric surgery. This has led us to tailor One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (BAGUA) to achieve better results in this group of patients.

Patients And Methods: We studied 83 (37 diabetic and 46 nondiabetic BMI 30 and up) patients who completed all evaluation appointment (preoperative, 10 days, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months) after tailored BAGUA for diabesity.

JAK2, STAT3 and SOCS3 gene expression in women with and without breast cancer.

Introduction: Breast cancer is a disease that arises from the accumulation of alterations in the genome of cells that make up the mammary gland. The Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway has been reported to participate in the development of breast cancer and is activated by adipocytokines such as leptin, which are elevated in obesity. In contrast, alterations in suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) gene expression have been found in patients with decreased breast cancer metastasis.

Peripheral Pathways in the Food-Intake Control towards the Adipose-Intestinal Missing Link.

In the physiological state a multitude of gut hormones are released into the circulation at the same time depending on the quality and quantity of the diet. These hormones interact with receptors at various points in the "gut-brain axis" to affect short-term and intermediate-term feelings of hunger and satiety. The combined effects of macronutrients on the predominant gut hormone secretion are still poorly understood.

The adiponectin/leptin ratio is a useful tool to evaluate the metabolic status in an obstetrical intensive care unit.

Introduction: Critically ill patients, including obstetrical patients, face undernutrition but a reliable and cost effective study to assess their nutritional state is still missing. Our main objective was to analyze serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations in puerperal women attended in an Obstetrical Intensive Care Unit (OICU) in order to evaluate their potential role as nutritional metabolic parameter.

Methods: This was a descriptive, clinical, longitudinal and comparative study.

Cell Culture Models and Pharmacological Perspective for the Study of Breast Cancer Markers.

Among the most prevalent neoplasias, breast cancer shows an astonishing tendency. Unfortunately this cancer has a high mortality worldwide, requiring sustained management of all actors involved in public health in order to get an early diagnosis and treatment. The methods associated with conventional cytogenetics and molecular cell culture, besides early detection of gene expression patterns associated with cancer susceptibility, have contributed to identify inherited genes and metabolic disorders related to obesity, which are also involved in breast cancer.

Pregnancy Weight Gain Limitation by a Supervised Nutritional Program Influences Placental NF-κB/IKK Complex Expression and Oxidative Stress.

Objective: Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and oxidative stress participate in endothelial dysfunction, which is one of the causes of pre-eclampsia. Among the human antioxidant mechanisms, there are the enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Our aim was to measure NF-κB, its inhibitor (IKK) and oxidative stress in placenta and umbilical cord of pregnant women submitted to a supervised nutritional program.

The tetrad BMI, leptin, leptin/adiponectin (L/A) ratio and CA 15-3 are reliable biomarkers of breast cancer.

Background: Several studies have reported that leptin levels, the leptin/adiponectin (L/A) ratio and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 15-3 are especially elevated in breast cancer patients with high body mass index (BMI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate BMI, leptin, L/A ratio and CA 15-3 all together as reliable biomarkers for breast cancer.

Methods: Serum levels of leptin, adiponectin and CA 15-3, as well as anthropometric and biochemical parameters were analysed in 88 female patients who participated in a mammography study.

Influenza A (H1N1) was not associated with obesity in pregnant women living in Toluca, México.

Objective: The aim was to verify whether being overweight could have played a critical role in cases of mortality caused by influenza A (H1N1) in pregnant women. This virus' prevalence was also analyzed among people suffering from acute respiratory disease being attended at the state of Mexico's Autonomous University's medical research centre.

Methods: The clinical files of women having influenza A (H1N1) attending the Monica Pretelini maternal-perinatal hospital's (HMPMP) intensive care unit in Toluca, Mexico, were reviewed.

Hemodynamic evaluation and anti-hypertensive schemes used in puerperal women following pre-eclampsia.

Pre-eclampsia is still a very prevalent disease with critical hemodynamic changes. This study was evaluated the major anti-hypertensive schemes used at the Materno Perinatal Hospital "Monica Pretelini" (HMPMP) hospitalized at the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit (OICU) for at least seven days. In other group of patients we compared hemodynamic monitoring with Swan-Ganz catheter versus transthoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB) and gasometric formulas.

Anesthetic efficacy of articaine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks in patients with symptomatic versus asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis.

This study sought to determine the anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular posterior teeth and if individual patient factors, pulpal disease characteristics, and previous medication are correlated to local anesthetic success. A second objective was to determine the specificity and sensibility of a cold test for prediction of anesthetic success prior to endodontic treatment. Seventy patients diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis in mandibular posterior teeth received 1.

Hyperleptinemia as a prognostic factor for preeclampsia: a cohort study.

Introduction: Leptin is an adipokine which has a direct relationship to obesity. Our aim was to measure this hormone in pregnant women at three months intervals throughout their pregnancies to determine the serum value of those who developed preeclampsia.

Material And Methods: We followed 19 women (median age 24.

Blood manganese levels in patients with hepatic encephalopathy.

Project: Hepatic encephalopathy is an increasingly common disease. Identification of prognosis risk factors in patients with liver damage may lead to preventive actions, towards decreasing its mortality. Manganese (Mn) levels are increased in basal ganglia of patients with hepatic encephalopathy as well as in cases of cirrhotic and liver failure patients.

Biliopancreatic diversion induces villi elongation and cholecystokinin and ghrelin increase.

Introduction: Factors leading to weight loss and weight stabilization after bariatric surgery are not fully understood. Our aim was to evaluate, in Sprague-Dawley rats, the histological and gut hormonal changes after Larrad-biliopancreatic diversion (Larrad-BPD).

Materials And Methods: Rats randomly underwent the following protocols: Larrad-BPD (n=4) versus pair fed (PF) (n=4).

Limitations in improving detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To review the current trends in pancreatic cancer research and propose alternatives for an earlier diagnosis.

Method: A search was conducted using the PubMed and Scielo electronic databases to find statistics related to the incidence of pancreatic cancer.

Results: Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality in the USA; in Colombia the incidence of this neoplasia is 4.