10,184 results match your criteria: "Autonomic Neuropathy"

Clinical differential factors in patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with Val142Ile and Ser43Asn mutations.

Orphanet J Rare Dis

December 2024

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 No.45-03. Edificio 471, Piso 5to, Of. 513-A, Bogotá, Colombia.

Background: Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (hATTR) is a rare autosomal dominant disease with high clinical variability, influenced by both genotype and the geographic origins of carriers. There is a limited understanding of the Val142Ile and Ser43Asn recognised mutations in Ecuador and Colombia. Therefore, the objective of this study is to describe the neurological and functional characteristics of patients with hATTR associated with the Val142Ile and Ser43Asn mutations, as well as to identify possible differentiating factors between the two mutations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To evaluate the autonomic dysfunction of cardiovascular system (CVS) in patients with post-COVID syndrome with the help of active orthotest and heart rate variability methods.

Material And Methods: 70 patients with PCOS were examined, who were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 patients received standard therapy and Cytoflavin for 35 days, Group 2 patients received only standard therapy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy remains underdiagnosed in type 1 diabetes mellitus, posing a risk for severe complications, particularly in patients with lowered V̇O, compared to controls. This study aimed to determine whether heart rate variability during cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests reveals early signs of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes mellitus and normal cardiovascular fitness, compared to healthy controls.

Methods: A type 1 diabetes mellitus group (n = 14) with no other diagnosed diseases (diabetes duration 15 ± 7 years) and a control group (n = 31) underwent deep breathing test, passive orthostatic test, and cardiopulmonary exercise test.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aim: The concept of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) has not been studied in type 1 diabetes (T1D). By analysing datasets from the DCCT/EDIC study, we compared the development of diabetic complications by obesity and metabolic health over 30 years of follow up.

Materials And Methods: Insulin resistance was calculated by estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Electrophysiological Monitoring of Asymptomatic Transthyretin Mutation Carriers.

Muscle Nerve

December 2024

Referral Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS, La Timone University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, ERN Neuro-NMD, Marseille, France.

Introduction/aims: It is imperative to screen asymptomatic carriers of transthyretin (TTR) mutations to initiate treatment early. The protocol for repeated electrodiagnostic (EDX) assessments over time lacks standardization. Our aim was to report the electrophysiological evolution of a cohort of asymptomatic carriers and to determine which biomarkers were most sensitive to change.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Genetic and functional analyses of SPTLC1 in juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

J Neurol

December 2024

Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.

Article Synopsis
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neuron disease, with recent connections made between variants in the SPTLC1 gene and both hereditary neuropathy and juvenile ALS.
  • The study analyzed genetic data from patients with familial and sporadic ALS to assess the presence and effects of SPTLC1 variants, using techniques like RT-PCR and ddPCR to evaluate splicing and genetic mosaicism.
  • A specific SPTLC1 variant was found in a 21-year-old female patient with juvenile ALS, inherited from her asymptomatic father who exhibited a mosaic form of the variant, highlighting the need for further exploration of the clinical implications of such mosaicism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a disease in which ALs, which are proteins with fibrous structures, are deposited in systemic organs, causing functional impairment. Diagnosis is often difficult because of non-specific and varied symptoms. We report a case of systemic AL amyloidosis that was diagnosed as a result of repeated syncope.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - Familial amyloid polyneuropathy type I is a rare disease that leads to nerve damage and affects a person's ability to feel and control their body, starting early in life and worsening over time.
  • - A pregnant woman with this condition experienced worsened gastrointestinal, heart, and nerve symptoms during her pregnancy, prompting a caesarean delivery with epidural anesthesia.
  • - Managing anesthesia for a caesarean section in patients with this type of neuropathy is complex due to the disease’s effects on multiple body systems, making it crucial to share details on how it was handled in this case.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is linked to alpha-synucleinopathies, and the study aimed to evaluate autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction in individuals with iRBD and its potential to predict clinical progression.
  • In a study of 25 iRBD patients, 28% developed synucleinopathy, primarily Parkinson's disease, with many exhibiting abnormal ANS test results; those who progressed had significantly higher rates of dysfunction compared to those who did not.
  • Results indicate that both symptomatic and subtle ANS dysfunctions are prevalent in iRBD, and specific adrenergic system issues may signal a higher short-term risk of developing synucleinopathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in chronic kidney disease: a study of kidney biopsy cases.

BMC Nephrol

December 2024

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.

Article Synopsis
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis is a progressive disorder characterized by peripheral neuropathy, autonomic dysfunction, and cardiomyopathy. The precise mechanism by which TTR misfolds and forms fibrils in vivo remains incompletely understood, posing challenges to the development of effective therapeutics. In this study, we reveal that the recently identified non-native pathological species (NNTTR), which is enriched in the plasma of ttr-val30met gene carriers, exhibits strong amyloidogenic properties, making it a promising therapeutic target.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID) (LC) symptoms including pain and autonomic dysfunction are in some patients associated with small-fiber neuropathy (SFN). The pathomechanisms underlying SFN are mostly unclear. Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in immune regulation, viral clearance and nerve metabolism.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Proteomic analysis of human iPSC-derived sympathetic neurons identifies proteostasis collapse as a molecular signature following subtoxic rotenone exposure.

Toxicology

January 2025

The Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences,  Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience,  Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel. Electronic address:

Rotenone is a toxic isoflavone and an inhibitor of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Rotenone is commonly used due to its piscicidal and pesticidal properties. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) lacks protective barriers and is exposed to many environmental substances due to its long-reaching structure.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Diagnosis and Management of Orthopaedic Conditions Associated With Hereditary Sensory Autonomic Neuropathies.

J Am Acad Orthop Surg

November 2024

From the Paley Orthopedic and Spine Institute, West Palm Beach, FL (Nugraha, Hariharan, Huser, and Feldman), and Department of Surgery, Florida Atlantic University School of Medicine (Hariharan and Feldman), Boca Raton, FL.

Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSANs) encompass a diverse group of inherited neuropathies characterized by notable sensory and autonomic involvement that affects musculoskeletal structures and systemic function. There are 8 recognized types of HSAN. The orthopaedic manifestations of HSAN are complex and diverse, including spinal deformity, Charcot arthropathy, osteomyelitis, fractures, osteonecrosis, osteoporosis, and skeletal deformities.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The Neurological Impact of Leprosy: Manifestations and Treatment Approaches.

Neurol Int

November 2024

IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.

Background And Objectives: Leprosy primarily affects peripheral nerves, leading to significant neurological complications such as polyneuritis, mononeurosis, and autonomic dysfunction, which contribute to severe disabilities and impaired quality of life for patients. This scoping review aims to investigate the neurological manifestations and main treatments of leprosy patients.

Materials And Methods: Studies were identified from an online search of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus databases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN), affecting blood flow and heart rate regulation eventually causing chronic stable angina (CSA). Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can correct autonomic dysfunctions and improve myocardial perfusion. This study aimed to assess CAN using heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiovascular reflex tests in T2DM patients with CSA before and after PCI.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Small fiber neuropathy.

Int Rev Neurobiol

November 2024

Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.

Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a condition involving the small nerve fibers of the peripheral nervous system, specifically the thinly myelinated Aδ and unmyelinated C fibers. It is an increasingly acknowledged condition within the spectrum of neuropathic pain disorders, leading to a rise in diagnosed patients. SFN is characterized by neuropathic pain, that is often described as burning, and typically presents in the hands and feet ascending proximally.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) and its associated cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) can lead to potentially fatal complications. We analyzed two distinct cases of DAN/CAN based on comprehensive cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs). Case 1 involves a 27-year-old patient with T1DM suffering from recurrent severe hypoglycemic unawareness due to DAN.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

[MOTOR NEUROPATHY PRECEDING PRIMARY SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS].

Harefuah

July 2024

Department of Neurosurgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Primary (AL) systemic amyloidosis is an uncommon disorder in which immunoglobulin light chains are deposited in the tissues as amyloid, resulting in organ dysfunction. The initial symptoms are frequent fatigue and weight loss, and common manifestations include nephrotic syndrome, cardiomyopathy, peripheral neuropathy or hepatomegaly. Histological examination reveals some degree of amyloid deposition in virtually every organ system except the central nervous system (CNS).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 9 (HSAN9) is a rare genetic disorder caused by genetic alterations in the TECPR2 locus and is characterized by developmental and intellectual disability, respiratory dysfunction, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and sensory and autonomic dysfunction, which are shared among the HSAN family.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on samples from both probands, and the relevant genetic variants were confirmed in their families using Sanger sequencing. Additionally, a comprehensive literature review was conducted on previously reported cases of HSAN9, and the clinical and genetic data were assessed to provide insight into the genetic and clinical characteristics of the disease.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Primary bladder neck obstruction (BNO) occurs when the bladder neck fails to open during voiding, causing urinary symptoms despite no anatomic obstruction. The cause of BNO is unclear but may involve neurogenic dysregulation related to the sympathic nervous system such as upper motor neuron lesion or peripheral autonomic neuropathy (small fiber neuropathy (SFN)). Another etiology can incuded increased sympathetic tone secondary to anxiety or stress conditons.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

An exaggerated exercise pressor reflex and peripheral neuropathy are both evoked by the same type of thinly myelinated afferents and are present in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although it is known that the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contributes to peripheral neuropathy, the effects of IL-1β on the exercise pressor reflex in T2DM are not known. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of IL-1 receptors on the exercise pressor reflex in T2DM.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF