81,408 results match your criteria: "Autism"
Brain Behav
December 2024
Department of Clinical and Basic Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Introduction: Functional neurological disorder (FND) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are two complex neuropsychiatric conditions that have been historically classified within psychiatric domains, resulting in a lack of extensive research, insufficient clinical recognition, and persistent societal stigma. In recent years, there has been an increasing recognition among professionals and affected individuals of their possible overlap. This review explores the potential clinical and mechanistic overlap between FND and ASD, with particular attention to shared symptoms across sensory, motor, and psychiatric domains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen 37077, Germany.
Optical imaging access to nanometer-level protein distributions in intact tissue is a highly sought-after goal, as it would provide visualization in physiologically relevant contexts. Under the unfavorable signal-to-background conditions of increased absorption and scattering of the excitation and fluorescence light in the complex tissue sample, superresolution fluorescence microscopy methods are severely challenged in attaining precise localization of molecules. We reasoned that the typical use of a confocal detection pinhole in MINFLUX nanoscopy, suppressing background and providing optical sectioning, should facilitate the detection and resolution of single fluorophores even amid scattering and optically challenging tissue environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.
The objective of this study was to identify utilization of housing support provided by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) among autistic people in the U.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Autism Dev Disord
December 2024
Faculty of Creative Industries, Education and Social Justice, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia.
Dev Sci
January 2025
Division of Neurology and Neurological Institute, The Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Electroencephalography (EEG) captures characteristic oscillatory shifts in infant brain rhythms over the first year of life, offering unique insights into early functional brain development and potential markers for detecting neural differences associated with autism. This study used functional principal component analysis (FPCA) to derive dynamic markers of spectral maturation from task-free EEG recordings collected at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months from 87 infants, 51 of whom were at higher likelihood of developing autism due to an older sibling diagnosed with the condition. FPCA revealed three principal components explaining over 96% of the variance in infant power spectra, with power increases between 6 and 9 Hz (FPC1) representing the most significant age-related trend, accounting for more than 71% of the variance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutism is clinically defined by challenges with social language, including difficulties offering on-topic language in a conversation. Similar differences are also seen in genetically related conditions such as fragile X syndrome (FXS), and even among those carrying autism-related genes who do not have clinical diagnoses (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudies have shown that there is a difference between biological sex at birth in autism spectrum disorder. There remains a lack of understanding about how the symptoms of autism differ between assigned males at birth and assigned females at birth. We looked at the presence of sex differences in a large group of autistic toddlers, children and adolescents, who were seen in a large diagnosis and assessment clinic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Psychiatry
December 2024
Growth, Development and Mental Health Center of Children and Adolescents, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 401146, China.
Background: Sustaining the mental health of autistic children's parents can be demanding.
Aim: To determine the effect of remote support courses on the mental health of parents and the development of autistic children.
Methods: Parents of 140 autistic children were randomly assigned to two groups receiving a 2-week intervention: The control group received caregiver-mediated intervention (CMI); the experimental group received CMI with remote family psychological support courses (R-FPSC).
There are more males than females with autism. One of the reasons can be that we do not understand autistic females well. Some research in Western cultures has begun to document the lived experience of autistic females, but no such studies are conducted with Chinese autistic females.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQ J Exp Psychol (Hove)
December 2024
Psychology Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal Qc, Canada.
There exist indications that sense of agency (SoA), the experience of being the cause of one's own actions and actions' outcomes, is altered in autism. However, no studies in autism have simultaneously investigated the integration mechanisms underpinning both implicit and explicit SoA, the two levels of agency proposed by the innovative Cue integration approach. Our study establishes a first complete characterization of SoA functioning in autism, by comparing age- and IQ-matched samples of autistic versus neurotypical adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Psychiatric disorders and heart abnormality are closely interconnected. Previous knowledge has been well-established that psychiatric disorders can lead to increased cardiovascular morbidity and even sudden cardiac death. Conversely, whether heart abnormality contributes to psychiatric disorders remains rarely studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is often difficult for families in rural communities to access autism evaluations for their children when they have concerns. Tele-assessment could make it easier for them to see specialists who give autism diagnoses, but we still need to figure out the best way to carry out these approaches. To understand how rural families view tele-assessment, as well as barriers they may face, we held focus groups with caregivers of children with autism and local service providers in the Southeastern United States.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Eval Clin Pract
February 2025
Management and Diagnostic Innovations & Clinical Pathways Research Area, Neurorehabilitation and Adapted Physical Activity Day Hospital, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Background: Chewing is a fundamental motor activity, but there is no specific assessment tool in Italian for paediatric rehabilitation. The Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale (KCPS) is a performance-based assessment tool that allow to classify chewing performance in childhood.
Objective: To translate, culturally adapt and assess reliability, criterion validity and cross-cultural validity of the KCPS into Italian in a paediatric population.
Many autistic people want to work but have trouble finding jobs they like and can stick with. Most research tries to help more autistic people get jobs, but does not look at whether those jobs are fulfilling, or how people progress once they start working. We spoke to 18 autistic people about their experiences at work, and their ideas about success at work.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOur study looks at how families with autistic teenagers manage financially compared with families with teenagers who do not have autism. We know that money matters are a big part of life's overall quality and that autistic individuals and their families often face more financial challenges. These challenges can affect their health, social connections, and access to needed services.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Child Psychol Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Center for Mental Health Innovation, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
The aim of this narrative review is to summarize evidence relating the importance of nutrient intake from diet and supplementation for paediatric mental health. We begin by reviewing several mechanisms by which nutrients maximize brain health, including enabling metabolic reactions to occur, supporting mitochondrial function, reducing inflammation and assisting with detoxification. Circumstances that may contribute to an individual requiring additional nutrients beyond what are available in the diet, such as consumption of nutritionally depleted food, individual differences in biological need, long-term medication use and gut-brain health needs are then reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStat Biosci
December 2024
Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to experience greater difficulties with social communication and sensory information processing. Of particular interest in ASD biomarker research is the study of visual attention, effectively quantified in eye tracking (ET) experiments. Eye tracking offers a powerful, safe, and feasible platform for gaining insights into attentional processes by measuring moment-by-moment gaze patterns in response to stimuli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Epigenet
November 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, MIND Institute, Genome Center, Environmental Health Sciences Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a broad range of symptoms. The etiology of ASD is thought to involve complex gene-environment interactions, which are crucial to understanding its various causes and symptoms. DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that potentially links genetic predispositions to environmental factors in the development of ASD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Dev Neurosci
February 2025
Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
The folate cycle has been implicated in the pathophysiology of autism due to its role in the glutathione oxidative stress pathway, amino acid and DNA methylation reactions, and neurotransmitter synthesis pathway. Previous research on folinic acid supplementation in autistic children has suggested potential benefits. The primary aim of this pilot study was to determine the safety, feasibility and efficacy of oral folinic acid in improving communication and behaviour in autistic children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Digit Med
December 2024
Clinic for Autism and Neurodevelopment (CAN) Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Supports for adaptive functioning in individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) is of umost importance to long-term outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assistive technologies has enormous potential to offer efficient, cost-effective, and personalized solutions to address these challenges, particularly in everday environments. This systematic review examines the existing evidence for using AI-assistive technologies to support adaptive functioning in people with NDCs in everyday settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChild Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, No.901, ChungHwa Road, YungKung Dist, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan.
Background: We aimed at investigating the efficacies of probiotics in alleviating the core and associated symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Methods: Randomized placebo-controlled trials were identified from major electronic databases from inception to Nov 2023. The outcomes of interests including improvements in the total and associated symptoms of ASD were quantitatively expressed as effect size (ES) based on standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI).
BMC Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Background: Many countries, including Ghana, continue to face challenges concerning the social involvement of persons with disabilities such as autism. This study investigated the factors that inhibit the social involvement of children with autism in the Cape Coast Metropolis.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Cape Coast metropolis.
BMC Genomics
December 2024
IFM Biology, Avian Behaviour Physiology and Genomics Group, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Feather pecking (FP) is a repetitive behaviour in chickens, influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors, similar to behaviours seen in human developmental disorders (e.g., hyperactivity, autism).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurodev Disord
December 2024
Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101, Renee Lynne Court, Carrboro, NC, 27510, USA.
Background: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common congenital neurodevelopmental disorder, present in about 1 in every 700 live births. Despite its prevalence, literature exploring the neurobiology underlying DS and how this neurobiology is related to behavior is limited. This study fills this gap by examining cortical volumes and behavioral correlates in school-age children with DS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Appl Res Intellect Disabil
January 2025
Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Background: Family members of children with developmental disabilities on average report poorer family functioning and mental health. Positive Family Connections is a co-produced, positively-oriented, family-systems support programme for families of children with developmental disabilities aged 8-13. We investigated experiences of Positive Family Connections, and the processes involved in change.
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